Kubukeka sengathi zonke izinganekwane ezaziwayo kanye nezinhlamvu zamaqhawe azo selokhu zifundwe yinhliziyo. Kepha uma ubhema ujule kancane, kuvela ukuthi izindaba ezinhle ezinhle zinezinguqulo zakuqala, izincazelo ezifihliwe noma ababhali abahluke ngokuphelele.
Sise-AdMo.ru hlobo luni lwezidalwa ezifihlwe ngemuva kwamakhasi aqhakazile ezincwadi, amakhathuni athandwayo namafilimu, asuswe kuwo.
1. U-Astrid Lindgren "Carlson ophila ophahleni"
Ukuzalwa kwendoda namanje ne-adiguous e-Heyday kwandulelwa ezinye izinganekwane ezimbili ezinganekwane ezibhale u-Astrid Lindgren. Ngemuva kwalokho wafunda ngokucophelela amaqhawe atholayo, athatha izici zawo ezinhle futhi adala esinye sezindaba zakhe ezihlekisayo kakhulu. Okokuqala, inganekwane yaseNils Carlson yavela. I-Carlson yokuqala yayincane, ibingazi ukuthi indiza futhi yaphila kanjani egunjini, ngoba wayengabangane nenkosikazi yakhe. Wayengumfana omuhle hhayi nakancane. I-Nils yasiza umngani wakhe ukuthi aphile isizungu ngemuva kokulahleka kukadadewethu. Iqhawe lesibili lomlobi lalifana kakhulu noTom Carlson, owaziwa ngathi. ILilonkvast encwadini ethi "Phakathi Kokukhanya Nobumnyama" yayinomsindo, inomuzwa wokuhlekisa umuntu futhi yazi ukuthi indiza ngaphandle kwamadivayisi akhethekile. Waba ngumngane womfana ogulayo, engami embhedeni. Kepha kuqhathaniswa noCarlson onobugovu no-rafupid, umlingiswa waziphatha ngesizotha, wayefuna ukusiza umngane wakhe ukuthi aqonde ukuthi akukho lutho olungenzeki empilweni, esibonelweni sezwe elihle. Ukucabanga ngesimo somlingiswa wesithathu, inganekwane yanquma ukuyithuthukisa, yenze yafika ngokwengeziwe, indoda yangempela. Ngakho-ke kwavela indoda ebusweni be-heyday ngesici esingajwayelekile - i-propeller emhlane wayo.
2. UCharles Perra "Red Cap"
Inganekwane enesigqoko esibomvu eYurophu yezwa ngekhulu le-XIV. Wayebhekwa njengomuntu, etshelwa ngemininingwane emibi ye-anatomical futhi waphela kabi kakhulu. Kuphela ngekhulu le-XV, uCharles Perra wanquma ukukubuyisa futhi ayikhulule ekuhlanganisweni kwakhe. Nguye owafaka i-heroine yesigqoko esibomvu, ngaphambi kwalokho, ngenganekwane, akukho lutho okwashiwo ngezingubo. UPerro wamngenisa nje isigqoko, futhi chaperon - isihenqo sekhanda, ngaleso sikhathi emadolobheni ayengakaze agqoke isikhathi eside, nasemizaneni asahlangana naye. Isigqoko esibomvu sisho ukuthi le ntombazanyana iyi-rustic, evela kubantu, futhi le ndaba yenzekile, kungenzeka kakhulu, isikhathi eside. Omunye ngokuhamba kwesikhathi i-Fairy Tale yaguqulwa uMfowethu Grimm, inketho yabo yafika ngosuku lwanamuhla. Yibo abanezela esakhiweni sokhuni olunesibindi nendawo ejabulisayo.
3. Nikolay Notov "Izixhumanisi kanye Nabangane Bakhe"
UDunno wawubonakala ezinganeni zakhe zaseSoviet, futhi, nakanjani, ukufanele komlobi omangalisayo uNikolai noOsov. Kepha i-prototype i-lowrank, empeleni, njengazo zonke izikhindi ezinhle, yayivela eCanada. Umculi we-Palmer Cox wenza amahlaya amahlaya amancane ahlekisayo, futhi umbhalo waseRussia kuwo wadalwa ngumlobi u-Anna Wollyson. Igama elijwayelekile labalingiswa encwadini ethi "umbuso Wezingane. Ukufika kweMurzilki ne-Forest Man "kwakungu" Browni ", futhi wabiza elinye lamadoda amancane, ancike kumlingiswa. Amanye amaHeroes ayi-piggy-venner, uMurzilka, uHareehouse, uDkt. Ointment, iDadko-Borodac.
Ngokokuqala ngqa, amakhala ahlangana nezincwadi zika-Anna Wollyson ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-50. Umlobi wayefuna ukufaka kabusha lezi zinganekwane ngendlela yakhe. Futhi ngo-1953, uNikolay noSOV wadala incwadi yokuqala mayelana nokufika kwamafufushane. Unikeze i-Chief Hero enegama lomunye wabalingiswa Wollyson - Dunno - kanye nezinye izici zeMurzilki ejabulisayo. Ubuntu obuningi be-NOSOV babhala, babuka indodana yakhe encane uPetei. Futhi umbhali ngokwakhe, owayethanda izigqoko zeWideptic, i-adventure namaqhinga ayesemzimbeni. Ngamafuphi, i-nosov yaphenduka abantu abadala abancane ngezinhlobo zezingane.
4. U-Alexey Tolstoy "ukhiye wegolide, noma i-pinocchio ye-adventure
Izingxabano mayelana nokuthi inganekwane enkulu nge-Pinocchio yabuyiselwa noma yadala umsebenzi ohlukile ngokuphelele, ayisakwenzi. Umlobi wabhala isingeniso lapho asho khona ukuthi wayefunde "i-adventures of Pinocchio" esengumntwana, evame ukuphinda abuyele endabeni yonodoli onamapulangwe futhi asungula lezo zinhlaka ababengekho ncwadi. Kepha empeleni akunjalo. UTolstoy ubesevele eyindoda endala lapho ngiqala ukufunda inganekwane ngomfana ovela ePolanny. Kepha umlobi, esebenza ngokuthengisa kabusha kukaPinocchio, wakhumbula ubuntwana bakhe, ubumnandi bakhe namaphupho akhe ezifika ezivela, ngakho-ke i-Pinocchio ifana kakhulu ne-alyas yeTolstoy, eyayisebuntwaneni. Abanye abacwaningi bayazethemba: lokhu akuyona inganekwane yezingane. Ezithombeni zePierrot naseKarabas-Barabas, umlobi wahlekisa ngo-Alexander Blok (kanye nezinkondlo ezijwayelekile ze-Eraism Era), kanye nomqondisi wezemidlalo we-Vsevolod Meyerhold. Enye yemisebenzi edume kakhulu yeMeyerhold kwaba umdlalo ngokudlala kweBlaganchik Block. Umqondisi wayaziwa ngomlingiswa wakhe odelelayo futhi, ngokwezikhathi eziningi, kufaka phakathi uTolstoy, owayengabalingisi bakhe njengemidlwane.
Umbala wezinwele we-Blue Malvina wayesho into enhle evimbile. Wayengu-ghost. Emlandweni wokuqala weCarlo Collodina Malvina, kepha kunentombazane enezinwele ze-lazuri. Abaphangi beshushisa iqhawe ehlathini, futhi uPinocchio ubona indlu emhlophe lapho kunamathemba okufihla khona. Kodwa-ke, umnyango ukhiyiwe. Intombazane enezinwele ze-azure ezivela ekumemezelweni kwayo efasiteleni, ubuso obugcwele buvaliwe. Uyachaza ukuthi bonke abakhileyo endlini sebethuthele ezweni labanye, njengaye uqobo. Emva kwalokho, le ntombazane inyamalala. Emiphakathini eminingi, umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka usho omunye umhlaba. Ngakho-ke, amantombazane aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka agcizelela ukuthi angowaleli zwe. Ekuqhubekeni kwenganekwane, waba yinganekwane yehlathi.
5. I-Alexander pushkin "inganekwane yomdobi nezinhlanzi"
Izinketho, kusuka lapho kwakukhona uSushkin othathe uzungu lwenganekwane yakhe, ezimbili. Ngokusho koyedwa wabo, kuyinto eguqulwe kancane yaseRussia Fork Tale "endala endala." Kepha kaningi bathi le ndaba yaseJalimane "mayelana nomdobi nomkakhe," okwatshelwa eqoqweni labafowethu Grimm. Akazanga nabo, futhi umdwetshi - imfihlo uPhilip Otto Ruge, ongagcinanga kuphela owadonsa, kodwa wabhala nemisebenzi eyimfihlakalo ngophawu lokukhanya nombala. Ngakho-ke, kwinguqulo yaseJalimane yaseJalimane, ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho indoda endala iza nesicelo esisha, ulwandle lushintsha kuqala lwayo yonke imibala: okokuqala kuluhlaza okuluhlaza, bese ekugcineni kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, bese ekugcineni kungumbala wokugcina unakekela iloli. Kwinguqulo yaseJalimane, inhlanzi akuyona ubuhle begolide nhlobo, kepha i-banal flat flaling.
6. I-Charles Perro "Cat emabhuthini"
Njengezinye izinganekwane zikaCharles Perro, "Ikati emabhuthini" laphuma eqoqweni lakhe lezinganekwane futhi laliyiphindaphindeka ngomlando wabantu ngekati lokusika. Ekuqaleni, umlobi wayenamahloni ukubeka igama lakhe lokugcina lesembozo: Zonke izinganekwane zazibonakala zinkulu kuye, futhi wayesezimisele kakhulu njengombhali oqinile. Ngakho-ke, wanyathelisa incwadi ngaphansi komthetho weNdodana yakhe, ukuze angazidingi izizathu zokuxoxa ngeqiniso lokuthi le ndoda edumile yaqala ukuzibandakanya ezinganekwaneni. Kepha le ncwadi yaba nempumelelo eyisiphukuphuku. Abalandeli bomlobi baba amantombazane amahle, futhi aqala ukubhala izinganekwane, lo msebenzi waba nemfashini.
7. I-Brothers Grimm "I-Snow White White kanye ne-Seven Dwarfs"
Le ndaba edumile yenziwa ngabafowethu Grimm, kwathi okokuqala ngqa beyizwa esuka endodaneni kaMfundisi. Uhlobo lwabafowethu luhlukile kulezo zindlela esingazifunda manje. Isibonelo, umama ongikhulayo wazama ukuqeda i-Snow White Times: umlethela intambo eyayizoyibambezeleka, khona-ke ikamu elinobuthi, bese i-apula. Kukholakala ukuthi i-prototype ye-snow white ingaba yi-margaret von valdek noma i-baroness maria sophia Margaret Catarina von futhi underl. Zombili azizange zilingane nobudlelwano nabantu oqhubekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umama wezenzikazi uMarte uMariya waba nesibuko esikhuluma ngempela. Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi ngekhulu leminyaka le-XVI kungaba yinto efanayo, kepha leli thoyizi le-acoustic lisaboniswa emnyuziyamu omkhulu weLaura. Ama-prototypes kwakukhona futhi ama-gnomes angumbambisi onomoya ophansi owahlala esigodini esiseduze kwedolobha.
8. UHans Christian Anderen "Indlovukazi Yeqhwa"
Abalaleli bakwa-Andersen bathi i-prototype yendlovukazi yeqhwa yaba ngumculi we-opera we-opera opera enny lind, lapho umlobi esothandweni. Kwakuwuthando olungakalinganiswa, intombazane yayibanda kuye. Emuva e-Queen yeqhwa kunezici ze-Danish Folklore. Ezinganekwaneni zaseDenk, ukufa kwakuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-virgin eqhwa. Mhlawumbe indlovukazi yeqhwa lase-Andersen ifana kakhulu nobukhulu beScandinavia bobusika nokuphela. Kubanda futhi, njengokungenela.
9. UGianni Rodari "Adventures Chipollino"
Lapho uGianni Rodari ebhale inganekwane yakhe, akekho umuntu omnakekele e-Italy yakhe yangasese. Kepha wawela ethule e-USSR. Kwakulapho lapho umbhali wathandwa kakhulu, futhi uSamuel Marshak waba nomthelela kulokhu. E-Italy, waduma kuphela eminyakeni embalwa kamuva. Kune-nuance emsebenzini, okwakwehliswa lapho kunyatheliswa khona inguqulo yencwadi efushanisiwe. Ekhathuneni namafilimu, nabo abanakanga. Ngaphezu kwemifino nezithelo, encwadini kusecindezelwe - lezi yizilwane ezitholakala e-zoo, okungukuthi, ngokusho kombhali, ejele. Futhi uCherollino uxhumana nabo: Xoxisana ngezicabucabu, ekhuluma nendlovu yaseNdiya futhi uthola ubungane namabhere ansundu ayingozi. Ngokusobala, bekungafuni ukonakalisa idumela le-zoo kunoma yimuphi, bambalwa kakhulu abantu abaziyo le ngxenye yezinganekwane.
Futhi yini inganekwane yakho oyithandayo? Uyayazi indaba yokudala kwayo?