Kubonakala ngathi onke amabali eentsomi eyaziwayo kunye nabalinganiswa bamagorha abo ukusukela ebuntwaneni efundile ngentliziyo. Kodwa ukuba uyatshaya kakhulu, kuyavela ukuba amabali amahle amahle aneendlela zokuqala, iintsingiselo ezifihliweyo okanye ababhali abahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo.
Sikwi-Adme.ru Loluphi uhlobo lwezidalwa ezifihlwe emva kwamaphepha aqaqambileyo lweencwadi, iikhaphethi ezizithandayo kunye neefilimu, zisuswe kubo.
1. I-Astrid Lindgren "I-Carlson ehlala eluphahleni"
Ukuzalwa kwendoda enesimo kunye neyonkathalo kwi-heyday yandulelwa ngamanye amatayile amabini abhale i-astrid lindgren. Emva koko wafunda ngononophelo amagorha afunyenweyo, bathatha izinto zabo ezilungileyo kwaye badale elinye lamabali akhe ahlekisayo. Okokuqala, kwavela ifanitshala ye-chaldon. I-carlson yokuqala yayincinci, yayingazi ukuba ibhabha kwaye ihlale kwi-rat, kuba wayengabahlobo nenkosikazi yakhe. Wayeyinkwenkwe elungileyo kwaye engabi nakubantu bonke. I-nasis yanceda umhlobo wakhe ukuba uza kusinde ngelithi, ukulinda ngokwasemzulo emva kokuphulukana nodade. Iqhawe lesibini lombhali lamenza lufana noTom Carlson, osaziwa kuthi. I-Lilonkvast kwincwadi ethi "Phakathi kokukhanya kwaye ubumnyama" yayinengxolo, enendoda ehlekisayo kwaye yazi indlela yokubhabha ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezizodwa. Waba ngumhlobo wenkwenkwe egulayo, engamelanga ebhedini. Kodwa xa kuthelekiswa nokuzingca kunye neCarlson ekhawulezayo, umlinganiswa uziphatha kakuhle, wayefuna ukunceda umhlobo wakhe ukuba akukho nto inokwenzeka ebomini, kumzekelo welizwe elihle. Ukucingisisa kwimpawu yomlinganiswa wesithathu, ifani yagqiba kwelokuba ayiphuhlise, yenze ibe ufike ngakumbi, indoda yokwenene. Ke indoda yabonakala kwi-heyday yemikhosi enesiteto esingaqhelekanga - umphathi osemva kwakhe.
2. UCharles Perra "I-Redra"
Intsomi yentsomi malunga nesigqoko esibomvu esiviwe kwinkulungwane ye-XIV. Wayethathwa njengefani, waxelelwa ngeenkcukacha ezoyikisayo ze-anatomical kwaye zaphela kakubi kakhulu. Kuphela kwinkulungwane ye-XV, uCharras Perra wagqiba kwelokuba aphinde ayikhulule kwaye ayikhulule ekuqulunqweni kwakhe. Nguye owabeka iqhawe lesigqwirha ebomvu, ngaphambi koko, ngentsomi, akukho nto yathethwa malunga neempahla. I-Perro yazisa nje isigqoko, kunye ne-chaperon - intloko, eyayingakhange inxitywe ixesha elide, nakwiilali ebezisome. Isigqoko esibomvu sithetha ukuba le ntombazana incinci ingumthi shici, ebantwini, kwaye ibali lenzekile, kakhulu, ixesha elide. Omnye emva kwexesha uTale ohlengahlengiswayo wabantakwabo Grimm, ukhetho lwabo lweza ngalo mhla. Yayingeloxesha elongeneyo kwicebo le-tyllons eqinileyo kunye ne-ficle echwayitileyo.
3. I-Nikolalay Nolov "I-Adventsure Ikhonkco kunye nabahlobo bakhe"
UDunno wayebonakala kuno-dunno owayebonakala kuBantwana bakhe baseSoviet, kwaye oku, kunjalo, i-gorit yombhali uNikolai Nosov. Kodwa iProttype ngu-Locarch, eneneni, njengazo zonke iifutshane ezimfutshane, zazivela eCanada. Umculi we-Palmer Cox enza amajoni malunga namadoda amancinci ahlekisayo, kwaye isicatshulwa saseRussia kubo senziwa ngumbhali uAna Wollyson. Igama elithi "ubukumkani bomntwana. I-adventures ye-Murzilki kunye neHlathi "yayingu" Browni ", kwaye wabiza omnye wabadala, ethembela kwisimo. Amanye amagorha yi-geggy-ferner, murzilka, i-harehouse, oorement, u-dayko-boroadac.
Okokuqala ngqa, ithole idibene neencwadi zika-Anna Woollyson ekuqaleni kwe-50s. Umbhali wayefuna ukuphinda afumane ezi ntsomi ngendlela yakhe. Kwaye ngo-1953, uNikolay Nosov wadala incwadi yokuqala malunga ne-adventriges yemfutshane. Unike iqhawe eliyintloko elinegama lomnye wabalinganiswa Wollyson - I-Dunno - kunye neempawu zeMurzilki. Uninzi lwezinto ezinqabileyo zeNosov ziphendule, zibukele unyana wakhe uPetei. Kwaye umbhali ngokwakhe, owathanda iihempe ze-widspit, i-adventure kunye namaqhinga akwisimo. Eyona nto iphambili, i-nosov yaqala ukuba ngabantu abadala beentlobo zabantwana.
4. I-Alezey Tolstoy "I-Goldn yegolide, okanye i-adventure pinocchio
Impikiswano malunga nokuba i-pinockio i-pinocchio iphinde ibuyiselwe okanye yenze umsebenzi owahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo, akazange anciphise. Umbhali wabhala intshayelelo apho watshoyo ukuba wayeyifundile "ukufika kwePinocchio" njengomntwana, ahlala ephinda kwakhona ibali ledoli yakhe yamaqabane akhe kwaye athabathile i-advents ababengekho kuyo yonke le ncwadi. Kodwa eneneni ayinjalo. UTolstoy wayesele eyindoda endala xa ndiqala ukufunda ibali malunga nenkwenkwe isuka ePolanny. Kodwa umbhali, ukusebenza ngokutsha kwePinocchio, ukhumbule ubuntwana bakhe, ukuzonwabisa kwakhe kunye namaphupha amnandi, ke iPinocchio ifana kakhulu ne-Alsas yeTolstoy, awayebubuntwana. Abanye abaphandi bayazithemba: Le ayisiyonto yabantwana. Kwimifanekiso yePirrot kunye neKarabas-Barabis, umbhali ogculela i-Alexander Blok (kunye nemibongo eqhelekileyo yexesha lokufumanisa), kunye noMlawuli weVevolod. Enye yezona zinto zidumileyo ze-meyern yayingumdlalo wokudlala kwibhloko yeBilagagchik. Umlawuli wawusaziwa ngokuba ngumlindi wakhe wevala kwaye, ngokutsho kwabantu abaninzi bexesha, kubandakanya neTolstoy, bengabadlali bakhe abangabadlali bakhe njengabapopu.
Umbala weenwele ze-Malvina ka-Malvina wayethetha into entle emnyama. Wayesisiporho. Kwimbali yoqobo ye-Carlo Collodi Malvina, kodwa kukho intombazana eneenwele zeLazuri. Abaphangi batshutshisa iqhawe ehlathini, kwaye iPinocchio ibona indlu emhlophe apho amathemba ayifihlayo khona. Nangona kunjalo, umnyango uvaliwe. Intombazana enenwele ye-azure ivela kwifestile yakhe kwifestile, ubuso obucacileyo buvaliwe. Ucacisa ukuba bonke abemi bendlu sele befudukele kwihlabathi labanye, njengaye. Emva koko, intombazana inyamalale. Kwiinkcubeko ezininzi, umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wawuthetha elinye ilizwe. Ke ngoko, amantombazana eenwele eziblowu amgxininisa ukuba uzalise umhlaba. Ukuqhubeka nentsomi, waba yimbonakalo yehlathi.
5. I-ALEXANDER PUCKIN "Intsomi yomlobi kunye nentlanzi"
Izinketho, ukusuka apho yayiyintoni i-pingkin ethabatha iyelenqe ngentsomi yakhe, emibini. Ngokutsho komnye wabo, yinto eguqulweyo yaseRussia Kodwa rhoqo batsho ukuba eli libali laseJamani "malunga nomlobi kunye nenkosikazi yakhe," eyaxelelwa kwiqokelelo yabazalwana iGrimm. Akazange anyuke nabo, kwaye umzobi we-filic kaPhiliki otto, ongakhange arhoxe, kodwa wabhala i-my, kodwa wabhala imisebenzi engaqondakaliyo malunga nokukhanya kunye nombala. Ke ngoko, kwinguqulelo yokuqala yaseJamani, ngalo lonke ixesha indoda endala iza nesicelo esitsha, iguqukela ulwandle kuqala kuyo yonke imibala: Okokuqala kukukhanya okuluhlaza, emva koko i-green emnyama, kwaye sele kwiqhawe lokugqibela ukukhathalela ilori. Kwinguqulelo yaseJamani, intlanzi ayingobuhle begolide konke konke, kodwa iflethi yebhanti.
6. UCharles Perro "ikati kwiibhutsi"
Njengamanye amabali efani yeCharles Perro, "ikati kwiibhutsi" zaphuma ekuqokeleleni kwakhe iintsomi kwaye kukuphinda kwenziwe imbali ye-folk malunga nekati yokusika. Ekuqaleni, umbhali wayeneentloni zokubeka igama lakhe lokugqibela ngesivalo sengqokelela: Zonke iintsomi zibonakala zimnandi kakhulu kuye, kwaye sele ezaziwa njengombhali oqinileyo. Ke ngoko, wapapasha incwadi engaphantsi kobhaliso loNyana wakhe, ukuze anganikeli izizathu zokuxoxa ngenyaniso yokuba le ndoda idumileyo yaqala ukubandakanyeka kwiintsomi. Kodwa le ncwadi yayiphumelele. Abalandeli bombhali baba la manenekazi, eyaqala ukubhala iintsomi, lo msebenzi wawungumntu ongenanto.
7. Abazalwana abakhulu "ikhephu elimhlophe kunye ne-dwarfs ezisixhenxe
Eli bali lidumileyo eli balikwenziwa ngabazalwana iGimm, kokokuqala, bamva konyana wam. I-Teators yahluke kolo zikhetho ukuba sinokufunda ngoku. Umzekelo, umkhosi wesithathu ongendawo uzame ukususa ikhephu elimhlophe kathathu: Ukuzisa umtya-mvume omele ukulibazisa, emva koko i-apile i-Apple. Kukholelwa ukuba iprototypety emhlophe yekhephu inokuba lukhupha i-margaret von valdak okanye i-baroness maria sophia margaret catarina von kunye ne-ertical. Zombini azifanelanga ubudlelwane kunye neyantathu. Ngapha koko, umthendeleko wesibini uMary Ertal wayenesipili esithetha. Kunzima ukucinga ukuba kwinkulungwane ye-XID inokuba yinto efanayo, kodwa le acoustic ivambozwe kwiZiko loLondolozo lweMbali laseLaura. Iiprototypes zazikho kwaye i-gnomes ngabaviwa abanemimoya ephantsi ababehlala kwilali kufutshane nesixeko.
8. I-HAS Christian Anderen Anderen "
Abaphathi bebhayoloji baka-Andersen bathi i-prototype yekhephu ye-Sweedish I-Sweden Operish Dony Lind, apho umbhali wayethandana khona. Yayinguthando olungafanelekanga, intombazana yayibanda kuye. Buyela kwikhephu lekhephu kukho imixholo ye-Danish Folklore. Kwintsomi yaseDanish, ukufa kwakudla ngokubizwa ngokuba yintombi enyulu enyulu. Mhlawumbi i-kumkanikazi yekhephu yaseAndern inento efana ngayo kunye nobusika baseScandinavian zobusika kunye nokuphelisa. Nokubanda, njengomntu ophakathi.
9. I-Gianni Rodari "Adventure Chipollino"
Xa uGianni Rodari wabhala ibali lakhe, kwakungekho mntu wanikela ingqalelo kuye kwi-Itali yakhe. Kodwa wathula kwi-USSR. Kulapho umbhali waduma kakhulu, noSamuweli Marshak wayenegalelo kule nto. E-Itali, waduma kuphela kwiminyaka embalwa kamva. Kukho i-nuary yomsebenzi, ohlelayo xa inguqulelo yencwadi ishicilelwe. Kwiikhathuni nakwiifilimu, abazange banikele ingqalelo. Ukongeza kwimifuno kunye neziqhamo, kwincwadi esele ikhathazekile - ezi zizilwanyana eziqulathwe kwi-zoo, oko kukuthi, ngokombhali, entolongweni. Kwaye i-chipollino inxibelelana nabo: Qhathelana nezigcawu, ukuthetha ngendlovu yaseIndiya kwaye ufumana ubuhlobo kunye nebhere emdaka. Kuyabonakala ukuba, ayifuni ukonakalisa u-Zoos kuyo nayiphi na, ke bambalwa abantu abazi le nxalenye yamabali eentsomi.
Yeyiphi i-fale yakho oyithandayo? Ngaba uyalazi ibali lendalo yakhe?