A ranar 3 ga Yuli, a cikin 1991, babbar Majalisar Rasha ta Rasha, sannan wani RSFSR, ta dauki nauyin tsarin gudanarwa na farko: doka "a kan mallakar kamfanoni da kamfanoni na jihar. Ga wadanda ba su sani ba, muna tuna cewa a watan Afrilun 1992, gwanjo na farko don sayar da kamfanonin kasuwanci na Gaidar da Anatly Chubtais a Nozhgy Novgorood.
Ana gudanar da mallakar mulki a farkon shekarun 1990, har yanzu ya kasance daya daga cikin labarun rikice-rikice a tarihin Rasha. An yi zaton hakan ne cewa yawan jama'a zai iya amfani da kudaden da aka tara a ofishin ofishin saitin don shiga cikin kamfanoni. Bayan haka, tara citizensan ƙasa ya kasance a cikin 1990 kashi ɗaya na Ussr GDP. Koyaya, a baya da aka gudanar a baya farashin mai sassaucin ra'ayi wanda aka ƙaddamar da tsarin hauhawar farashin kaya (168%, 2608% a 1992), wanda ya rage ikon siyan ciyawar citiessan ƙasa zuwa 2%. Don haka, 'yan ƙasa ba sa iya amfani da tara kuɗin su a cikin tsarin mallaka. A bayyane yake cewa wani ya sami riba.
Tunda aka fitar da asusun citizensan ƙasa na 'yan ƙasa, an dauki tsarin wasan Czech a matsayin tushen Supacezation na Rasha - Duba (BOCUPER). Maimakon buɗe asusun ajiya, yawan jama'a sun yanke shawarar rarraba bouchers. Amma ba kyauta bane, amma ga 25 rubles. Cikakken kuɗi, amma cikakken mahimman marubutan mallaka. Mafi yawan mutane ba su da 'yar' yar 'yan jaridar mallakar kamfanoni (masu ba da izini), ba su fahimci abin da ya kamata a yi tare da su ba. Bayanin Mr. Chubaiis wanda motoci biyu "Volga" za a samu a kan Voucher daya (mafi martaba da yawa don yawan wannan lokacin), bai bayyana komai ba. BOCGA ", amma ba a san shi ba lokacin da, kuma a nan kuma yanzu ba da kudi kudi. Kuma da yawa sun fara sayar da su ga masu sayayya guda biyu na vodka. A cewar ƙididdiga, kusan Rosisi miliyan 25 sun kashe masu saƙowar su duba kudaden da aka saka hannun jari (yawancin wadanda ba su biya kowane matakai 40 ba), a hannun jari daban-daban (mafi yawansu da sauri suka ɓace daga kasuwa), a Uku na masu ba da bashi sun sayar da su.
Masu kawai masu wasu manyan fakitin masu ba da lamuni ne suka sayo daga yawan jama'a na iya shiga cikin bincike da kuma gwanjo na jingina. Halin kasuwa na ainihi na kunshin mai ƙarfi wanda za'a iya samu a musayar don waƙoƙi ɗaya, wanda ya isa sama. Misali, a yankin Nuhu na Nizhgorod a 1994, za a iya musayar guda ɗaya na 2000 hannun jari gazprom (darajar kasuwarsu a 2008 kusan dunss ne dubu 700). A cikin duka, zuwa ga Fabrairu 1994, an gudanar da sama da gwanjo sama da 9, wanda aka yi amfani da su a cikin 'yan wasan miliyan 52. A cewar rahotanni, 46.8 Duban masana'antu sun kasance masu zaman kansu a 1991-1992, a cikin 1993 adadin su ya karu zuwa 88.63 - har zuwa dubu 88.6 - har zuwa dubu 112.5.6 - har zuwa dubu 88.5.6 - har zuwa dubu 88.6 - har zuwa dubu 88.5.6 - har zuwa dubu 88.5.6 - har zuwa dubu 88.6 - har zuwa dubu 88.5.6 - har zuwa dubu 88.6 - har zuwa dubu 88.5.6 - har zuwa dubu 88.6 - har zuwa dubu 88.6 - har zuwa dubu 88.5.6 - har zuwa dubu 88.6 - har zuwa dubu 88.6.6 Daga cikin su, kashi 92% na masana'antar metallungiyoyin da ba ta dace ba, kashi 95% na sunadarai da man shafawa. A cikin 1994, kashi 99% na samfuran an samar da su ne a cikin kamfanonin da suka haɗa da su. A shekarar 1996, an ba da sanarwar a hukumance Cikakkiyar da ke kasafin masana'antu, kuma ta 1997 ta kammala masana'antar sarrafa kayayyaki da kayayyakin abinci da kayayyakin cin abinci da kayayyakin kawowa.
Rashin kuɗaɗen kuɗin kasafin kuɗi tilasta gwamnati ta riƙe abin da ake kira jinginar gida. Manyan tsarin kasuwanci da aka bayar don ba gwamnati ta aminta gwamnati ta aminta gwamnati. Dangane da sharuɗɗan kwangila, idan jihar ta kasa biyan bashin da ya samu, kamfanin ya zama mallakar bashi mai bada bashi. Don haka, hukumomi sun gudanar da babban adadin dukiya don kuɗi. A sakamakon haka, na dala biliyan 1.1, manyan tsarin kudade sun kafa iko akan masana'antu, daga baya ta Yukos, Nicklel nickel, Sibneft da wasu sauran manyan kamfanoni. Don haka sanannen tsarin Oligic na 90s ya bayyana, wanda a zahiri masu mallakar Rasha. Digiri na tarihi game da sakamakon mallakar kamfanoni a Rasha har yanzu yana gaba. Kuma muna rayuwa gaba. Tsarin mallakar bashi bashi da karshen kuma yana ci gaba a halin yanzu.
Yanzu, a cewar kimantawa daban-daban, rabon bangaren jama'a a cikin tattalin arzikin Rasha da ke fitowa daga kashi 50% zuwa 70%. Yawancin masana tattalin arziki dauke da wuce kima da nacewa a kan sabon nuna wariyar launin fata. A ra'ayinsu, a Russia da matsayin kamfanoni masu mallakar jihohi ya kamata wani wuri ya kamata ya zama wani wuri 15%.
A cikin yankin Nizhgorod, tsohon wasan wasan kwaikwayo na miƙa mulki ga kasuwa a farkon shekarun 1990s, duk mafi yawan ruwa da yawan ruwa da aka daɗe. Zuwa yau, akwai mafi yawan rabo na dukiya a cikin biranen birni. Tsarin hasashen gwamnatin jihar na 2021 da 2022, wanda kwamitin majalisar dokoki na NOVGOD na NOVGOD na NOVGOOD a kan tattalin arzikin kasar da masana'antu, ya hada da abu hudu (!) Abu. Dangane da mataimakin ministan filaye da alakar kadada na yankin Andrei Schgrov, kudaden shiga na kasafin kudi miliyan 6 ne, a cikin 2022 - a matakin 3 miliyan dunƙu. Zai yiwu, da irin hankalin jaridar da ke jan hankalin labarai game da sha'awar gwamnatin yankin, a gefe guda don siyan hannun jari na USB a Nuwamba na Nuwahn Novgorod, sannan a gefe guda, sannan a sayar duk 100% na motar kebul na USB.
Mafi kyawun adadi a cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata akan aiwatar da aikin kasafin kudi don karɓar harajin da ba haraji ba, ma'aikatar da aka bayar a shekarar 2019. Don shekarar 2019, an yi rajista kasafin kudin Nizhgorod na Nizhgorod a cikin kasafin kudin na 931.5 miliyan rubles.
Kimanin wannan yanayin a tsakiyar yankin. A taron garin Duma, a ranar 17 ga Fabrairu, an sanar da data cewa shirin kudaden shiga don mallakar dukiyar da kashi 209% suka kashe shi. Hukumar 69 akan siyarwa ta kasa aiwatarwa, kuma an haɗa su cikin shirin 2021-2022. An lura da cewa fare akan kamfanonin da bai kamata a yi ba. Wajibi ne a nemi wasu hanyoyi don aiwatar da kayan don 'yantar da kasafin kudin daga bukatar dauke da wadannan abubuwan a kan ma'aunin ma'aunansu. Don haka, a cewar 'yan jaridar na Duma na Novgorod, a cikin tsarin rabo daga babban birnin kasar JSC "Sorelenergo" zai hada da abubuwa 62 - gine-gine 32 da tsarin injiniyoyi 59. Wannan zai ba da izinin "zafi makamashi" don gyara, haɓakawa da abubuwan sadarwar amfani.
Hakanan, wakilai na bindiga sun amince da shawara don isar da wuraren Bregrepacation a Bankin hagu na yankin novgorod yankin Novgorod yankin Nozhgorod yankin Novgorod yankin Nozhgorod.
Don haka, dangane da rabo na yankin da cibiyar yanki, akwai mafi yawan wuraren-sikelin, abin da ke ɗaukar nauyi ga kasafin kudin. Dole ne yanzu mu koyi yadda ake sayar a hankali saboda a gefe ɗaya, yana nufin isowar mai saka jari ta gaske, kuma ba kawai don tono riba daga gare ta ba. Birnin da yankin suna tasowa. Ba makawa zai jawo hankalin masu saka hannun jari da suke shirye su tsara mallakar yanki da birni na birni. An kafa manyan sifofi don mallakar zamansu kamar yadda ya kamata su ci gaba da kula da yanayin tarihin birni, yawon shakatawa mai kyau.