Ushicilelo lwaseRussia 'lwamabali aBalulekileyo ", iphephandaba lesiFrentshi le-Leande kunye neZiko lokuFunda kweNtloko kunye noMbutho (i-OCCRP) upapashe uphando kwi-Openlux. Ngokutsho kwentatheli, ngaphezulu kwewaka lamaRibhuku afunyenwe kuluhlu lwabanini. Ukongeza kwii-Sheden ezimbini ze-Dozen ukusuka kwinqanaba le-Gobes, kwavela ukuba babe ngamagosa asekuwo nangoku nangoku, kunye neekontraki zabo ezinkulu.
Abemi baseRussia, kubandakanya nabaphathi abaphambili baseRussia, i-rosneft kunye neGazi yeGazi, basebenzise iinkampani ze-Luxembourn ukuze babe nenxaxheba kwizindlu zamazwe aseYurophu. Ngabo, unokufumana izibonelelo zerhafu phantsi kwentengiselwano ngezabelo, ukugqiba ukukhulula inzuzo kwintengiso yezabelo zezabelo ezivela kwirhafu. I-Luxembourg inomtsalane kwiibhanki - apha ungachitha izivumelwano ezizodwa eziza kuzisa ii-asethi zengxaki, amabali "amabali" aKaxander Zakharov. Ngenxa yezivumelwano kunye namanye amazwe aseYurophu kude kube ngu-2016 ukuya ku-2007, uLuxembourg wayedla ngokunciphisa irhafu kubunini bendawo yokuhlala eYurophu.
Phakathi kwabakhuseli boluhlu yayinguSergey Tony - unyana kaSekela Mlawuli weRaliay waseRussia Oleg Tony Tony. Ngokutsho "amabali aBalulekileyo", uTony Jr. kwiinkampani ze-Luxembourg unezii-asethi ezixabisa ngaphezulu kwe-50 yezigidi ze-Euro. I-Real Estate enye yezigidi zee-40 zezigidi ze-Euro yeNgxowa-mali yoTyalo-mali, exhunyiwe nayo.
Ibhotwe kunye neelali zaqala ukuvela kwintsapho ye-tony ngo-2003 ukuya kowama-54, phantse kwangaxeshanye xa i-tony-sr kuphela apho yayiya kusebenza kwii-Russia zoololiwe baseRussia, ababhali bophando. Phakathi kwepropathi, unyana womphathi ophambili weKomiti yeLizwe wafumana inqaba endala eFrance, igumbi le-paris phakathi kwe-lote d'azur, endlini ePrague, Izindlu ezibini, izindlu ezintathu kunye nomhlaba kuRhafu kwiPhondo kwiSpain kunye neDolophu kaloliwe eJamani. Ingxowa mali yoTyalo-mali yeHlabathi yeNgxowa-mali yeLizwe kunye neIndgey Tony Torgey Tony i-Tony ye-Estate, eNether Real Estate eJamani, eNetherlands nase-Itali.
Iintatheli zikwafumaneka kuluhlu lwabaphathi abaphambili beGabprom - Andrei Goncharenko kunye neAnatolia Corzheruk. Ke, uGencharenko ukusukela ngonyaka ka-2009 umhlaba kunye nezakhiwo kwindawo yokuhlala ye-Eltite esondele kufutshane. I-PMB yakhe ye-PMB ithengile intsimi phantse i-3 yezigidi ze-Euro, kunye nezakhiwo-phantse yezigidi zeerandi. Phantse izigidi ezingama-29 zezigidi zichithwe kwilungiselelo lendawo iminyaka eli-10, eboniswe kuphando.
Enye inkampani uGenchareko - iRossa ibambe- yeyokwenzeka kwindlu ye-paris yeparis. Inkampani yathenga le ndlu ngo-2007 iphantse ibe yi-7.7 yezigidi zeerandi kwaye ithengise ngo-2017, izixhobo "zamabali aBalulekileyo" zithetha.
Ngo-2014, uGenchareko uthenge enye yamakhaya abiza kakhulu eLondon - i-hanover yedolophana i-Anover idsge. Ngokwemeyile yemihla ngemihla, indleko yokuthenga i-120 yezigidi zeepawundi. Amajelo eendaba abizwa ngokuba ngumnini we-Eliverestarnar kunye noMthombo ongaziwayo weNgxowa-mali-ukusuka ngo-2011 ukuya ku-2014 wathenga indlu yelizwe. UGoncharenoko uthi abameli bathi "Inzuzo ebalulekileyo" xa wayesebenza kwi-1990s wasebenza kumanqanaba empahla yokuhlala, ezothutho kunye namahlathi.
Kumcebisi we-gabpromovsky, i-anatoly corzeruk yarekhodwa ngeefemu ezintathu ze-Luxembourg, ekwa-2008 ukuya ku-2000 ifunyenwe kwiindawo ekuchithelwa kuzo. I-Ex-Cebiter Gabprom ikwayinto enkulu embindini weParis, isiqingatha seyure ihamba kwi-Eiffel tower. Ixabiso elipheleleyo layo yonke indawo ye-French Real Estate ngexesha lokuthenga i-33 yezigidi zeerandi.
Ngo-2013, amajelo osasazo abhala ukuba uGencharenoko kunye ne-Cossacks bakrokrelwa ngenxa yenkohliso kwi-cikisolai ye-cikisodko ye-rubledoko ngaphezulu kwemvumelwano kwaye batshintshele imali Iifemu. Kwakhona, bakrokrela ukuba bazamile ukulawula ngaphezulu kweenkampani zokwakha primhodko. Uphelile njani uphando. UGenchareko noKozeruk washiya i-gazprom. Ngoku uGencharenko yenkampani yokwakha "i-rizon". I-Kozeruk yayikhokelwa ngomnye wabaphuhlisi abakhulu eMoscow - iziko le-GVSU. Kwibhodi yabalawuli belokugqibela, iquka neBoris Rothenberg.
Ababhali benqaku lophando ukuba iinkampani ze-Luxembourg zazisetyenziselwa ukuthengiselana okukhulu. Ngo-2014, i-rosneft yathenga i-13% ye-railian ye-pirelli enkulu ixabisa phantse i-553 yezigidi "ngenkcitho yemali yepenshini kunye namaziko emali." Iintatheli zibiza intengiselwano "ayibonakali kakhulu". Eli phepha laphelela nabantu, "kufutshane nobunkokeli" benkampani yeoyile.
Iincwadi zokupapasha ukuba ngelo xesha lentengiselwano kunye nesabelo kumnini we-pirelli wotyalo-mali lwexesha elide i-Luxembourg yayiyinto eqingqiweyo ye-MOSCOW. Kunyaka kamva, uphando lusithi, endaweni ye-AI, uMsunguli wo "utyalo-mali lwexesha elide" laba yinkampani "yengingqi". Eyakhe yayinguNatalia Bogdanova, owayengazange alale izinto ezinkulu ngaphambili kwaye ahlala kwisithili saseKazan. Ngo-2017, uSergey Sudarikov waba ngumnini wo "utyalomali lwexesha elide", umnini weqela eliphambili kwiqela lengingqi. Abaxhamli 'beveni "babizwa ngokuba nguMlawuli wezeMali we-rosneft Petra Lazarev" Umnini-comitha "weqela". Inkampani ngokwayo yakhanyela unxibelelaniso.
Rosneft
Yintoni engakhange ifumane isabelo kwi-pirelli, kwaye sisebenzisana naye kwishishini lokuthengisa.