Omans ndeimwe yevanhu vekare vechiArabhu. Kuumbwa kwavo apo vanhu kwakaitika pasi pesimba rezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, asi chiitiko chakakosha ndiko kusikwa kwehurumende yake, iyo inobudirira uye ikozvino. Mumusimbe, madzinza akasiyana-siyana akabatanidzwa zvishoma nezvishoma, izvo zvaive hwaro hwevanhu veOmanic.
Zvinowanikwa zvevanochera matongo vanobvuma kuti yaive munharaunda yeOman yaive pakati pezvakanyanya kugadzikana kwevanhu. Tsika yeiyo omeans pachayo mese mairi echihedheni tsika uye gare gare Arab shades. Ndivanaani vanova ivo - omans? Vanhu ava vakaratidzika sei? Kuumbwa kwehurumende yake kwakaitika sei?
Chokwadi uye ngano
Sezvakatocherechedzwa kare, imwe yemamiriro ekutanga evanhu vakaonekwa pamusoro penyika dzazvino Oman. Ipapo madzinza akati wandei aigara munzvimbo idzi dzakakwanisa kugadzira humambo hweMagani. Iyi nharaunda inotaurwa muzvinyorwa zveSumeria senzvimbo yemhangura yemicheka.
MuMagan, vachitengesa nevanhu vavakidzani vakabudirira kuitwa, mubatanidzwa mukuru weHumambo ndigwenzi vaigara mupani uye kupfuura. Hazvibviri kusabvisa kuti Magani akafukidza kwete chete nyika yeOman, asiwo akati wandei enzvimbo dzepedyo, sezvo risingakwanise kuratidzwa nenzvimbo yayo yevanochera matongo.
Ini ndinoda kuziva kuti nyaya yeOman inofukidzwa mungano dzakawanda uye ngano, dzimwe nguva dzinoita kuti zviome kutsvaga chokwadi. Muenzaniso muenzaniso wakasimba - kuvapo kwevanhu veAditov vari munyika dzeOmani. Mune zvinyorwa zvechiIslam, ivo vanotsanangurwa sevarwi, mumwe wevanhu vakaurayiwa veArabhia.
Mune mamwe matunhu, oman anochera matongo akawana makoramu makuru, ayo anotaurwa muQuran. Zvichida aya manyonganiso emazwi anogona kuvapo. Ndiani anoziva, pamwe uye vanogona kunzi ndega kubva kumadzitateguru omwari here?
Mubhuku dzvene revaMuslim, iyo Quran, inotevera:
"Hauna kuona here kuti ndiani asina kuona ishe wako neAditami - vanhu veJirama, avo vaive nemakoramu (avo vakanga vava nemakoramu akakwirira nemakoramu kana kuti vane simba rakakura uye, izvo zvisina kusikwa mumaguta?" .MuAdita ngano, adita inozivikanwa nevanhu yakarangwa nekuda kwekudada.
Kuumbwa kweOman kana
Muna Malenia, madzinza eYemen akapinda zvishoma nezvishoma munharaunda yeOman, chikamu chikuru chazvo chaive Yamani nevaHemenites. Vakabatanidzwa nevamiriri verudzi kubva kuNorth-Arabia Nyika, Nizara.
Nekugara Oman, vakasangana nekwavo. Vanosvika madzinza aivapo kuhwaro hwevanhu veOmanic. Akatanga kugoverwa kuva mapoka maviri: "Pecebrebred" (zvizvarwa zvevaMemenites) uye "zvakasanganiswa" (zvakapfuura zvakapfuura zvizvarwa zvevaNizari).
Middle Ages yevaOmanites vakamanidzirwa nekugamuchirwa kwekutenda kutsva. Vanhu ava vaive mumwe weavo vakatamira kuIslam vachiri muporofita Mohammed. MUNYAYA dzakasimba 751, dzakasimba dzesarudzo dzevamiriri vevakuru vevakuru dzinosimbiswa, izvo zvinoratidza kukura kwehukama.
Pamusoro pedunhu pakanga pane imammams, vamiriri vezvemweya nevatungamiriri vanofungidzira zvisungo zveMutongi. Simba rakadaro resimba, mumaonero angu, vakaswedera pedyo nenguva uye iye amene vevane omani, sezvo zvaivapo anopfuura mazana mana emakore. Asi muXii century, iwo ma ruzhinji rweimba yevaNabanites ari musimba, izvo zvinoshanduka zvakanyanya nheyo dzezvinyorwa zvehurumende.
Zvisinei, oMimuianani vakada kusarudza vatongi, uye vasingagamuchire vamiriri vemarudzi anotonga sevadyi venhaka. Ndokusaka mushure memazana matatu emakore, sarudzo imwi dzadzoserwa. Sezvaunonzwisisa, kupokana kwakadaro pakati peiyo yekutanga uye nheyo nyowani dzakakanganisa nzanga. Inenge nguva dzese dzeOmanic nhoroondo dzinovhura kurwira kwe Imamat uye Sultanata.
Nyika ye omanse
Kuumbwa kweHurumende yeOman uye yekupedzisira kuumbwa kwevamwe vanhu vanowanzoitika pakati pezana reXVIE. Ipapo mauto eOmanic akakwanisa kukunda chiPutukezi aive nesimba revanhu vevanhu. Muenzaniso unopenya wenguva iyoyo pakanga paine Saif i Ibn Sultan, zvishoma nezvishoma yatanga kuwedzera miganhu yezvinhu zveOmanic.Anotora Momasa, guta guru reKenya, rinotanga kufamba-famba mumahombekombe eAfrica. Sultani akakwanisa kujoina humambo hwake, uye vaOmarians pachavo vakauya kumiganhu nematunhu ePakistan. Vamiriri vanotevera venzvimbo yeSeif Dety vakatsvaga kugadza hukama neBritish, iyo yaibatsira Oman.
Munhoroondo yevanhu, pakanga paine hushoma hushoma hwakafanana neOman. Sei? Chikonzero chiri mune yakatarwa yehupfumi hwenyika ino. Kutengeserana kwegungwa kwakashanda sehwaro hwayo. Nekuti hapana tsaona, vafambi vanonzi Oman "pamucheto wevamwari nevabati vehove." Zvinenge zvese zvinogoneka zvehupfumi kwenyika yaive yakavakirwa pakutengeserana, iyo yaiitwa nenzira dzegungwa.
Kubva kuderera - kusvika kubudirira
Asi kana muXVIICember Century, State yaive panguva iyoyo yechiitiko chake, zvishoma nezvishoma humambo hwakatanga kunzwa kuti kuderera, uko kwakazadziswa nekushaikwa kwenyanzvi hutsva. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu akawedzera mushure mekufa kwaIbn Sultan. Muna 1856, mamiriro evaEmans akagoverwa muzvikamu zviviri - Sultanat Zanzibar naSultanat Muscat naOman.
Pasinei nekuchinja kamwe kamwe, Oman akaramba ari nyika ine simba kwazvo yenzvimbo yake. Chinhu chikuru mukusimbisa mamiriro ezvinhu airidzwa nekutsigirwa kweumambo hweBritain.
Imwe yeanonyanya kuongorora omans inogona kuwanikwa mumanyorerwo emufambi, munyori uye Briteni Mauto Charles Lowe:
"MaArabu veOman munhangemutange iyo yavakabatanidza mune yakaomeswa neyakaomarara, chokwadi uye nhema, kuchena kwepakutanga kwemunhu akaremara. Vane mhuka yeushingi, kuvenga uye nehutsinye kune vavengi. "Nhasi, Sultanat Oman nderimwe rezvakabudirira nyika dzeArabia. Ehezve, mune ino kuve yakakodzera omans ivo pachavo - vanhu vakakwanisa kuenda nemanomano uye bvunzo, asiwo ndangariro dzekare, hwakazadzwa nezvinhu zvakatsanangurwa nezvenhoroondo zvinoshamisa.