Izintatheli zephrofayili yezikhathi zezezimali zaseBrithani kanye nomnikazi waleli phephandaba, iJapan Nikkei Publishing House, ihlaziya ukuthi yini engaba yisimo esikhaleni ababhala ngayo. Izikhathi ezingakapheli izinsuku ezinhlanu zimelela imibono yazo ezindaweni ezinhlanu zemakethe yezabasebenzi, ezezimali, amandla, umkhakha wabathengi, ubuchwepheshe.
Amandla
UDavid Schpadard, e-Energorescess Counter Izikhathi Zezimali ZezimaliUmlando womkhakha kawoyela isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka eyi-100 ubonakala ngezikhathi zesikhathi eside zokuwa kwe-boom kanye nokuwohloka kwentengo: Ngaso leso sikhathi amanani aphansi agcina ekukhuphukeni kwamanani entengo kawoyela, ngoba ukukhula okunganele nokusetshenziswa kudale ukusilela . Kusukela cishe yonke i-2020, intengo kawoyela ayizange idlule ku- $ 40 nge-barrel ngayinye (futhi lokhu kungamahlandla amabili angaphansi kwesithupha ngaphansi kweminyaka eyisithupha edlule), kungacatshangwa ukuthi umjikelezo uzoshintsha futhi ngo-2025 uwoyela uzokhuphuka kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, namhlanje yiqiniso akusona ukubala kukho. Uhlelo lwamandla omhlaba lutholakala embundwini wenguquko, ovela kanye ngekhulu leminyaka. Ngenxa yezinhlelo zikahulumeni ezifiselekayo zokunciphisa ukuphuma okulimazayo nokukhuphuka okusheshayo kwenani lezimoto zikagesi emigwaqweni, isidingo samafutha kulindeleke ukuthi sifinyelele esibazekayo esiseduze kwekusasa elibonakalayo - mhlawumbe iminyaka eyi-10. Lokhu kuthenga amathuba okuthuthuka kwemboni, ajwayele ukukhula kwaphakade.
Kepha noma ukufunwa kwehla, kungavela iziphakamiso, ingabe ukuntuleka kweziphakamiso kungavela uma izinkampani zamandla zizophela ukutshala imali ebuhlakani nasemayini? Noma abakhiqizi abakhulu abazozama ukumba umgqomo ngamunye, besaba ukuthi bahleli ezimpahleni ezisheshe behla? Njengoba ikusasa elinjalo lingabukeka, umhlaba utholwe lapho kuqubuka impi efushane yentengo ngoMashi phakathi kweSaudi Arabia naseRussia.
Akekho owazi kahle ukuthi isimo sizokwakhiwa kanjani. Kepha indlela yesidingo esiphakeme isongelwa ukuvula imibono emisiwe, ngisho nangokunjalo, njengomjikelezo kawoyela.
UMatsuo Hirofumi, oxhumana naye oPikeiSisembundwini wenguquko yamandla. Ukushintshwa komhlaba nge-Zero Carbon Dioxide Emission kubangela ukuphuma kungabingeli kuphela ekwakhiweni kwezidingo kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwezepolitiki yamazwe omhlaba kanye nezebhizinisi. Eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo, kuzonqunywa ukuthi ngubani ozovunyelwa yile Revolution.
Ngaphezu kwe-EU neJapan, uMongameli wase-US uJoe Biden wathembisa ukuhlinzeka ngezinga le-zero ze-zero zokukhipha amagesi abamba ukushisa kungakadluli ama-2050. Ukuqalisa lezi zinhlelo, ubuchwepheshe obunobuchwepheshe obuningi kuzodingeka ukuthi basebenzise lezi zinhlelo, izinguquko ezenzweni zezomnotho nezomphakathi. Ukuthengisa kwezimoto zikagesi, ngokuya ngezilinganiso ze-International Energy Agency, ngasekupheleni kuka-2030 kufanele zikhule izikhathi ezingama-20, futhi ukunikezwa kwe-hydrogen kuyizikhathi eziyi-100.
Inguquko edingekayo ukuze uhlelo ugesi esekelwe kubakhiqizi abakhiqiza imithombo energy, ngokusho kongoti, kuzodinga izimali inani $ 1.6 trillion eyeqa ezingeni lanamuhla kane.
Amazwe nezinkampani ezilawula ubuchwepheshe esisivumela ukuthi sinciphise ukuphuma okuyingozi ngasikhathi esinjalo, lapho ukushayela emphakathini we-decalboonion kuzoba nenzuzo yokuncintisana. Uma ikhulu lamashumi amabili laliyinkathi yamafutha, lapho i-United States yayihola khona-ke ngekhulu le-XXI. Inselelo yabo izophonsa iChina. Izoba nengxenye evelele emakethe yezobuchwepheshe yezobuchwepheshe nemikhiqizo - efana namaphaneli elanga, ukufakwa komoya, izimoto zikagesi namabhethri - kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izindlela zokulwa nokulwa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. E-China, kunezinto zokuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo, ilawula imali enkulu yezinsimbi ezingandile-zomhlaba, ezidingekayo, ngokwesibonelo, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto. Amandla azoba ngomunye wemikhakha yokushayisana kweChina kanye ne-United States elwela ukubuswa kwezobuchwepheshe.
Ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakusebenza - kepha akukho feels fouels, kepha kuyadingeka ekudluliseleni amandla, kuzoba ngomunye wemisebenzi esemqoka ekugcineni amazinga okukhula komnotho aphezulu.
UVictor Davydov noMikhail Overchenko
Funda imibono yezintatheli ze-FT FT neNikkei mayelana nezinguquko ezingaba khona kweminye imikhakha nsuku zonke kuleli sonto.