I-NASA ifeze ngempumelelo ukuthunyelwa ukulethwa kwiplanethi ebomvu yokuphakanyiswa kokuphakanyiselwa "ukuphikelela", kanye nobuhlakani be -nengelity enophephela emhlane kagesi enophephela emhlane emishini yayo.
Ukunqoba phakathi nohambo lwezinsuku ezingama-203 ngonyaka wamakhilomitha wezigidi ezingama-472, izinto zesayensi zokufa komhlaba zehle ziye eMars endaweni yaseCrater Jeestero (Jezero). Ububanzi be-Crater JeStero bubalelwa ku-45 km butholakala emaphethelweni asentshonalanga wesifunda saseSidis. Ukuhlelela, isiqhwaga esikhulu se-crater enyakatho neMartian Equator. Ososayensi banqume ukuthi eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-3.5 edlule, uCrater wayene eyakhe umfula iDelta futhi wagcwaliswa ngamanzi.
I-Duet ye-Marchede ne-helikopta kufanele igcwalise ohambweni oluningana lokucwaninga. Ngokuya ngemishini yokuphikelela, amadwala kanye namadiphozithi echibi lasendulo azohlolwa, elalise-Crater Jeestero naseMfuleni Delta, ukuze abonise i-geology yesifunda kanye nesimo sezulu sakhe I-Mission yi-Astrobiology, kufaka phakathi ukusesha izimpawu zempilo yasendulo ye-microbial. Inhlabathi izophinde iqoqwe ukuze ihanjiswe okwalandela emhlabeni, ngemishini yesikhathi esizayo.
I-rover ifakwe isitshalo samandla enuzi, ngesimo se-radioisotope thermoelectric generator. Ebhodini lawo kunamadivayisi angu-7 wesayensi azokwenza imisebenzi elandelayo: Ukulinganisa okushisa, ijubane kanye nokuqondisa komoya, ingcindezi, umswakama ohlobene, usayizi kanye nefomu lothuli; amakhamera anethuba lesithombe se-panoramic ne-stereoscopic ngamathuba okukhanya; I-X-RAY FURORESCENCEnce Spectrometer, ezoqukatha umlimi osebenza ngokunemba okuphezulu ukunquma ukwakheka kwezinga elisezingeni eliphansi lezinto zokwenziwa kwe-Mars Surface; Isiteshi seRadar esihlinzeka ngesinqumo sesenti lesentisi sesakhiwo sezwe sangaphansi; I-Spectrometer enikezela ngezithombe ngesilinganiso esincane futhi isebenzisa i-ultraviolet (UV) laser ukuthola ama-minerogy amancane futhi athole ama-organic ahlanganisiwe; Ukubonakaliswa kokusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza ze-Mars Oxygen In-Situ in-Siture In-Situ in-Conder Ukuvivinya (Moxie), okufanele kuzame ukukhiqiza umoya-mpilo ovela eMartian Air, okuqukethe ama-66% CO2, futhi kuphela u-0.13% oksijini.
ULori Glaz, umqondisi weNasa Plabecology Mnyango, "ukuphikelela" Ukuphikelela "isazi sesayensi ye-robot ephelele kunazo zonke ezakhelwe ukuqinisekisa nokuthola ubufakazi obuncane beMars - lokhu kuwubufakazi obukhulu".
Amaphiko okusungula marsa
Njengengxenye yemishini yokukhuthazela, kukhona i-Tiny Engazimela Ukuzimela Electric helikopta i-Mars helikopta, ezozama ukwenza indiza yokuqala elawulwa kwenye iplanethi. Usayizi waso onebhokisi lama-napkins amiswe ngaphansi kwe-pair of 1.2-met rotors nge-carbon fiber blades. Inesisindo kuphela 1.8 kg, kepha ukubaluleka komsebenzi wakhe kukhulu. Umsebenzi wakhe, ovuka esibhakabhakeni saseMars ukusiza ukukhuthazela ukubheka izindawo ezithakazelisa kakhulu ongazihlola. Isebenza ngamandla elanga akhiqizwa amabhethri elanga atholakala ebhodini lawo. Iphinde ifakwe amakhamera ukuthola izithombe ezivela esweni lezinyoni ngesinqumo, eziphindwe kayishumi kunokulungiswa okutholwe ezimotweni ze-orbital. I-Mars Air Study izohlinzeka ngemininingwane eminingi ukuze ibalake ingaphezulu leplanethi kanye nokuhlelela izindlela zokuhamba ze-Astronaut zesikhathi esizayo.
Izindiza "zokuqamba" Izindiza, ezisuselwa kusayizi wazo kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla, zizohlala kungabi ngaphezu kwemizuzwana engama-90 lilinye. Futhi, ngokususelwa kulesi sibalo, ungacabanga ukuthi ithuluzi eliyinkimbinkimbi futhi elibaluleke kangakanani. Kumane akunakwenzeka ukuphatha emhlabeni ngenxa yokubambezeleka kwesiginali yomsakazo. Ngakho-ke, ubuhlakani buzondizela ukungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, kudlulise imininingwane ngokukhuthazela.
Isiphetho samaphayona kwesinye isikhathi sidabukile, kepha silandela umgwaqo ngemuva kokuya. Njengoba abadali bendiza yokuqala enophephela emhlane bethi, uma unenhlanhla, indiza enophephela emhlane izokwenza izithombe ezimbalwa ezindizeni, kepha akusekho. Ukuze uthole indiza enophephela emhlane, kuhlelwa izindiza ezintathu eziphambili. Ukubaluleka kanye nokubaluleka komsebenzi ukukhombisa ukuthi indiza kuma-mars kungenzeka, futhi iqoqe idatha ezovumela ukuthi isizukulwane esilandelayo samadivayisi we-Martian Coalcasting, azokwazi ukwenza amacala afisa kakhulu futhi ajabulisayo. Uzokumangaza ngokunembile ukuthi iprosesa elikhulu le-Vicilopter Vicilopter ye-IngerUity yi-Snapdragon 801, eyenziwa yi-Qualcomm.
Ngokuyinhloko, le yiprosesa yeselula yeselula. Kepha usayizi waso namandla aso woza ngokuphelele ukuzokwakha le moto. Iphinde ifakwe nge-laser altimeter (kusuka sparkfun) kanye nekhamera ye-vga ephansi ukulandelela imisebenzi ye-monocular, kukhona inclinometer esetshenziselwa ukunquma isihlobo esihlaselwe phezulu ngesikhathi sokuhamba, kukhona i-13-megapixel Ileveli yekhamera yombala yefoni ephathekayo engasetshenziselwa ukuzulazula, kepha ngemizamo yakhe yokwenza ezinye izithombe ezinhle zombala. Isoftware yedivayisi isuselwa ohlelweni lokusebenza lwe-Linux.
Njengoba kumenyezelwa eNasa, iMars 2020 Mission iyingxenye yohlelo olukhudlwana, okubandakanya ukuthunywa enyangeni njengendlela yokulungiselela ukufundwa kweplanethi ebomvu ngumuntu. Umsebenzi we-NASA ufaka ukubuya kwezinkanyezi enyangeni ngonyaka ka-2024, kwathi ngo-2028 NASA uzohlinzeka ngokuba khona komuntu oqhubekayo womuntu ovela enyangeni kanye nohlaka lwezinhlelo zeNasa zokufunda kwe-Artemis yeNyanga.
P.S.
Njengamanje, ezinye izinto ezimbili zomhlaba zisondela kuma-Mars, lena yi-Chinese Tiawen-1, eyayishicilelwe eRed Planet Orbit Februwari 10 ngemuva kokuhamba kwe-202, idivaysi ye-UAE "PREOPE mhlophe kancane kune-22,000 km kusuka kwiplanethi.
