Izinto ezingaqondakali kakhulu endaweni yonke zingabizwa ngokuthi izimbobo ezimnyama - indawo yesikhala sokudonsela phansi okunamandla kangangokuba akukho lutho ngisho nokukhanya okungabashiya. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kunezimbobo ezimnyama ngendawo yonke engapheli, inqwaba yazo edlula inqwaba yelanga ingamahlandla ayisihlanu kuya kweziyikhulu, kepha kukhona inqwaba yelanga. Namuhla, izazi zezinkanyezi zikholelwa ukuthi izimbobo ezimnyama ezinkulu zifihlwe enhliziyweni yemithala eminingi, ngenkathi ziphawula ukuthi indawo yonke ikule "Star Ere" - Isigaba sokuvela kwemvelo yendawo yonke, lapho izinkanyezi zizalwa khona . Kepha yini inkathi yenkanyezi phesheya? Abaphenyi bakholelwa ukuthi ekugcineni, zonke izithako zokwakha izimbobo ezimnyama zizophelelwa, futhi izinkanyezi esibhakabhakeni ebusuku ziphuma kancane, ngaleyo ndlela zijike izimbobo ezimnyama kwezakhamuzi zendawo yonke. Kepha ngisho nalezi zilo ze-cosmic azikwazi ukuba khona kuze kube phakade. Ngelinye ilanga futhi bazokufa, i-Ozariv, ukuze bathande ukuthandwa, iziqhumane ezingenalutho futhi ezingaphili.
Ngabe izimbobo ezimnyama zivela kanjani?
Izimbobo ezimnyama ziqala ukuba khona kwazo ekufeni: Lapho uphethiloli uphela ezinhlangeni zezinkanyezi ezinkulu, ziye esinyathelweni esilandelayo sokuvela kwabo nokuqhuma. Ngesikhathi sokuqhuma okunamandla, ukukhanya kwe-supernovae (yile ndlela ososayensi abazibiza ngayo) bandisa kakhulu, bese befa kancane kancane. Lokhu kuqhuma futhi kuyisizathu sokukhishwa kwesisindo esibalulekile sento evela egobolondweni elingaphandle le-star, kanye nenani elikhulu lamandla.
Ingxenye yento engaphonswanga emphakathini we-intersdellar imvamisa iguqulwe ibe yinto ecwengekayo - inkanyezi ye-neutron (uma inqwaba yenkanyezi iqhuma kuqhuma yayingaphezu kwamandla ayi-8 elanga), noma emgodini omnyama - Isifunda sesikhathi sesikhala lapho wonke alawulwa amandla adonsela phansi amakhulu (uma kwenzeka inqwaba ye-kernel esele ngemuva kokuqhuma kokuqhuma kwedlula amahlandla amahlanu).
Lapho izazi zezinkanyezi, ukuxhumana okufanayo phakathi kokuzalwa komgodi omnyama nokufa kwenkanyezi, okwakubumbayo, into evamile endaweni evamile endaweni yonke. Izimbobo ezimnyama eziseduze nezinye izinkanyezi kulezo zinkanyezi kulawo makhona, lapho ukwakheka kwenkanyezi kwenzeka ngesivinini esikhulu. Khumbula nokuthi ukwakheka kwenkanyezi kuyinqubo enkulu, lapho inkanyezi evela kugesi we-interstellar e-galaxy iyaziwa.
Ufuna ukuhlala wazi izindaba zakamuva ezivela emhlabeni wesayensi yezinkanyezi kanye ne-physics? Bhalisela isiteshi sethu sezindaba e-Telegraph ukungaphuthelwa lutho oluhehayo!
Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwezimbobo ezimnyama
Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokuzalwa komgodi omnyama ngenxa yokufa kwenkanyezi enkulu, umsebenzi wawo ophambili uba ukumuncwa kwanoma yiziphi izinto ezitholakele eduzane. Kwezinye izimo, impahla emunwe (igesi nezinkanyezi) izungeza lezi zilo ze-cosmic, zihamba ngokushesha futhi ziqongelele khona. Njengoba ukungqubuzana phakathi kothuli kwakha ukushisa, idiski yokutholwa komgodi omnyama iqala ukugqama, ichaza isithunzi sayo noma umkhathizeli wayo. Kwakungeyena ngo-2019 ukuthi wakwazi ukuthatha isithombe sososayensi, njengoba kuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe uzakwabo uNikolai Khiznyak entweni yakhe.
Kepha ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi umkhathizeli wezehlakalo uzungeza umgodi omnyama, naye uyisihluthulelo sokufa kwakhe. Konke ngoba noma yikuphi okucatshangelwe emgodini omnyama kunyamalala kuze kube phakade, okungenani kulandela ukuqonda kwethu amandla adonsela phansi. Kodwa-ke, leli phuzu elibizwayo lokungabuyi alibuyi - yebo, yebo, izazi zesayensi zisebenzela ukudala umbono owodwa wamanani adonsela phansi futhi, ngendlela esanda kuthola imiphumela ethokozisayo.
Ngo-1974, i-physisi yaseBrithani evelele stephen hawking ikufakazele ukuthi kusukela eqophelweni lokubukwa kwamanani aphunyukayo kusuka emgodini omnyama kungenzeka, yize kuhamba kancane. Kuzohlala isikhathi esingakanani uphile umgodi ohlukile uncike kusisindo sawo. Umgodi omnyama owengeziwe uba njalo, kuvulwa isikhathi eside. Ngalo mqondo, njengoba kuphawulwe yizazi zezinkanyezi engxoxweni ne-portal astronomy.com, izimbobo ezimnyama zingakhohlisa ukufa, zibe ngaphezulu.
Abaphenyi baqhathanisa le nqubo newashi lesihlabathi lapho isihlabathi phezulu phezulu inani lesikhathi esisele emgodini omnyama. Ukutholwa izinkanyezi eziningi kanye negesi, i-monster evulekile ye-cosmic iyaqhubeka nokungeza isihlabathi endaweni ye- "Tacking" Hourglass, noma ngabe izinhlayiya ngazinye ziyaphuma. Kepha njengendawo yonke, izinto ezizungeze umgodi omnyama ziyaphela, zimaka ukufa kwayo okungenakugwenywa.
Okweshumi kokugcina, umzuzwana wokuphila komgodi omnyama, uzokhanyisela yonke into ezungeze iziqhumane zomlilo okhanyayo, njengesigidi samabhomu we-thermonuclear, eqhuma endaweni encane kakhulu yesikhala.
Ngendlela, enamandla kakhulu eSupernova (Assasn-15lh) namuhla ibhekwa njengezikhathi ezingama-22 ziqhuma izikhathi eziningi kunesililo esimnyama ezikhathini zawo zokugcina. Futhi ucabangani, kuzophela kanjani ukuphela kwendawo yonke? Impendulo izolinda lapha, kanye nakumazwana kule ndatshana.