Ibintu bitangaje mu isanzure birashobora kwitwa umwobo wumukara - umwanya-wigihe cyuburemere bwacyo bukomeye kuburyo ntakintu na kimwe gishobora kubasiga. Igishimishije, hariho umwobo wirabura ku isanzure ridashira, ubwinshi bwa birengeje ubwinshi bwizuba kugeza ku ijana, ariko hariho abafite miliyari irenze miliyari. Uyu munsi, abahanga mu bumenyi bw'izibumenyi bemeza ko ibyobo byirabura bihishe mu galagisi benshi, mu gihe babonye ko isanzure riri mu kigero cy'isi n'ijuru, aho inyenyeri na galaxy bavutse ubudasiba . Ariko inyenyeri ni iki mu mahanga? Abashakashatsi bemeza ko amaherezo, ibibi byose byo gukora ibyobo birabura bizarambirwa, kandi inyenyeri nijoro zihinduka buhoro buhoro, bityo zihindura imyobo yirabura mu baturage bonyine b'isi. Ariko ndetse nibi bikoko byisi ntibishobora kubaho iteka. Umunsi umwe kandi bazapfa, Ozarisv, kumugati, fireworks yubusa kandi idafite ubuzima.
Nigute umwobo wirabura ugaragara?
Imyuka yumukara itangira kubaho kwabo kuva ku rupfu: Iyo lisansi irangiye incnels yinyenyeri nini, bajya ku ntambwe ikurikira yo kwihindukiragurisha kwabo no guturika. Mugihe cyo guturika gukomeye, umucyo wa supernovae (Uku niko abahanga babita) kwiyongera cyane, hanyuma buhoro buhoro. Igisasu nacyo nimpamvu yo gusohora imisacyu yikintu kiva hanze yinyenyeri, kimwe ningufu nini.
Igice cyibintu bitajugunywe mu rwego rwa Interstellar ubusanzwe gihindurwa ikintu cyoroshye - Inyenyeri ya Neutron (niba ubwinshi bwinyenyeri igabanuka ryimirire 8), cyangwa mu mwobo wirabura - the Umwanya-Umwanya wo mu kirere aho bose bagenzura uburemere bwiza bwayo (mugihe ubwinshi bwintambara busigaye nyuma yo guturika birenze izuba inshuro eshanu.
Nka nyirabayazana yinyenyeri, isano isa hagati yivuka ryumwobo wirabura n'urupfu rw'inyenyeri, wayiremye, ibintu bisanzwe bisanzwe mu isanzure. Cyane cyane hafi umwobo wirabura hamwe nizindi nyenyeri muriyi mfuruka, aho inyenyeri ibaho kumuvuduko mwinshi. Ibuka kandi ko inyenyeri nini ni inzira nini, aho inyenyeri iva muri gaze ya Interstellar muri Galaxy iri.
Ushaka guhora uzi amakuru agezweho kuva mwisi ya astronomie na fiyaro? Iyandikishe kumuyoboro wamakuru muri telegaramu ntabwo wabuze ikintu gishimishije!
Ubwihindurize bw'inzoka z'umukara
Noneho, nyuma yo kuvuka kwumwobo wumukara nkigisubizo cyurupfu rwinyenyeri nini, umwuga wambere uhinduka ibintu byose byabonetse hafi. Rimwe na rimwe, ibintu byashizwemo (gaze n'inyenyeri) bikikije ibisimba byinkoko, bimuka byihuse kandi byuzuye hafi. Kubera ko guterana amagambo ahebuje, disiki yo kwemerwa k'umwobo wirabura itangira gucana, yerekana igicucu cyacyo cyangwa ibyabaye. Ni we muri 2019 yashoboye gufata ifoto y'umuhanga, nkuko byasobanuwe mu buryo burambuye mugenzi wanjye Nikolai Khizhyak mu bikoresho.
Ariko usibye ko ibyahagize ibintu bikikije umwobo wirabura, kandi ni urufunguzo rwurupfu rwe. Byose kuko ibikoresho byose byinjiye mu mwobo wirabura urabura ubuziraherezo, byibuze bikurikira imyumvire yacu yuburemere. Ariko, ibi byitwa ingingo yo kudagaruka ntabwo byita ku myuka kamashusho - yego, yego, abahanga mu bya fiziki baracyakora kugirango bareme imitwe imwe y'uburemere bwa Fenum kandi, by, by the was, baherutse kugera ku bisubizo bishimishije.
Mu 1974, The Meysico Theoricto Theorist The Stephen Hawking yerekanye ko uhereye aho imiti ya Fefomu itoroka umwobo wirabura birashoboka, nubwo buhoro cyane. Igihe kingana iki kibaho umwobo utandukanye wirabura uterwa na misa. Umwobo wirabura uhinduka, igihe kirekire kirashira. Ni muri urwo rwego, nkuko byavuzwe mu bumenyi bw'ikirere mu kiganiro na portal Astronal.com, ibyobo byirabura birashobora gushuka urupfu, bikaba byinshi.
Abashakashatsi bagereranya iki gikorwa hamwe nisaha yumucanga aho Saanga hejuru nigihe cyigihe gisigaye mu mwobo wirabura. Gukuramo inyenyeri nyinshi na gaze, igisimba cyinkoko gikomeye gikomeje kongeramo amasaha "Amatwi", nubwo uduce twahumanye tuzirikana. Ariko nk'isi n'isi, ibikoresho bikikije umwobo birabura birashira, biranga urupfu rwe rwose.
Ku cya cumi ushize, icya kabiri mu buzima bw'umwobo wirabura, azamurikira ibintu byose bikikije imiriro meza cyane, nka miliyoni y'ibisasu bya temmonneclear, biturika ahantu nyaburanga.
By the way, imbaraga zikomeye za supernova yiyandikishije (assasn-15Lh) uyumunsi ifatwa nkigihe cya miriyoni 22 iturika kuruta umwobo wirabura mubihe byanyuma. Utekereza iki, Iherezo ry'isi n'ijuru rize? Igisubizo kizategereza hano, kimwe no mubitekerezo kuriyi ngingo.