Kwimbali yoluntu, iimeko ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, ezingakholelwa kwinyani yazo. Amatyala anjalo anokukhuselwa, kwaye abaphulaphuli baphumelele kwiifilimu ezinjalo baya kubonelelwa. Elinye lala mabali liquka iminyaka engamakhulu amathathu eyadlulayo, ladibanisa uPeter iSayensi yokuqala, yaseRashiya kunye ... Injini yanaphakade.
Nangona kunjalo, ngayo yonke into ngolungelelwano. Kwenzeka ukuba ngo-1680 eSaxonyo (intsimi yeJamani) inkwenkwe e-Ersts e-Erst izalwa. Inkwenkwe yayinobukrelekrele kwaye yangena kwindawo yokuzivocavoca kwalapha ekhaya. Apho waphumelela kwiMathematics kunye noomatshini.
Ngaphandle kokwenza de kube sekwenzeni isiphelo, umthambo waphukile kwi-windorung eYurophu. Nangona kunjalo, wayengenguye iVagabol yeklasi, kwaye ehamba kwizixeko ezahlukeneyo, isizathu sengqondo sasifunyenwe kumanqanaba omdla.
Kwaye oko kwafika xa umbungu wagqiba kwelokuba abe sisityebi. Kwakungekho mnqweno woku, kodwa ekuphunyezweni kwayo, yayingumntu onzima kakhulu.
Ukuqala, i-erssel bussel itshintshe igama yaza yabizwa ngokuba yiJohann enye iOfherus. Akenzanga ukuba angasebenzi nto, kodwa ngenxa yokuba eli gama litsha (ngokukodwa) legama elithile ngelo xesha lalisekiselwa umdla ondanda emntwini wakhe. Ngapha koko, ukuba lo mntu waqala ukuphikisa ukuba inokunyanga ngempumelelo abantu, uyilo lweendlela ze-cunning kwaye ubhale unyango lwezenzululwazi oluluncedo.
Emva koko "usana olusanda" luhle, ngokwenyani enomdla, kwisixeko esincinci saseJamani, wanyanga intombi kaLamanie Lekary Shuman, owathi kamva waba yi-burgomistRome. I-Schumann, ngokubhekisele kulo msitho njengommangaliso, ikhuphe intombi yakhe yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo, kwaye ne-dowry eqinileyo.
Oko kubonakala ngathi kufanelekile, ngewayesombulula omnye umntu kwindawo yenye. Kodwa yayingekho. Iqhawe lethu, njengoko sele likhankanyiwe, liphumelele kakuhle kwiiSayensi ezahlukeneyo. Kwaye ixesha lalinomdla - ukuqala kweXvii, abantu babekholelwa kwimimangaliso, kumachiza ahlukeneyo, kumagqwirha, kunye ... kwinjini engapheliyo.
Ke, okanye ukuthambisa kwaye uthathe isigqibo sokuqinisa isikhundla sakhe njengesayensi, ukudala injini engapheliyo. Ukongeza, oku kunokuba yinto entle ukusebenza kakuhle. Mhlawumbi wayengenguye obonakalayo kwaye ongumoni. Kodwa wayefuna ukudala injini engapheliyo.
Kwaye wamdala nge-1712. Nangona kunjalo, siphantse singaziwa yile nto, kuba kungekudala lo mkhumbi wayitshabalalisa indalo yakhe.
Ngo-1715, iqhawe lethu ladala uhlobo lwesibini lwentshukumo engapheliyo. Abantu abalula, bazame lo "mmangaliso" wetekhnoloji, wanikwa iDiva, kwaye kungekudala ubuqaqawuli baka-Orpherius buyaphuma kwisixeko sakhe sommi.
Okubangela umdla kukuba, iKomishini yoNxibelelwano ye-Arpherius ayivumelanga ukuba ijonge ekuyingenisweni kwakhe, nangona amalungu ale Khomishini anikwa imali yoku. Ke ngoko, kwakungekho ntshukumo inganyanisekanga malunga nokuyilwa komntu waseJamani. Into engazange ithintele i-orpherius ukuba imisele ecaleni kwemoto yakho ukuba iqokelele iminikelo, eyathatyathwa iphinde yenziwa ngesantya esinokuphindaphindiweyo.
Ngo-1716, ukubala uHessen-Kassels wamemela iqhawe lethu kwinqaba yakhe, wamnika isihloko somcebisi wokusinda. Ngenkxaso yesisa kwigrafu, umphambili wavula "ukuphefumla okwesibini", kwaye waqala ukwakha uhlobo lwesithathu lwenjini yakhe yanaphakade. Le moto ilungele ngo-1717.
Ke, kuthekani ngoPetros kuqala? Kwaye ngaphandle kwento yokuba u-Emperor wethu unomdla kuwo kuzo zonke iintlobo zecuba zezobuchwephesha kunye nokuqulunqwa kwe-orderius kwakwazi.
Ngo-1715, uPeter wafunda i-charllor the thertman yokuqokelela ulwazi oluninzi malunga nokuyilwa komthombo wobugcisa waseJamani. Ityala lokuqokelelwa kwezixhobo lalibaziseka kangangeminyaka eliqela.
Kwaye sele i-1721, uPetros unika i-odolo efanayo nguMfundisi-mali. Le yokugqibela yathunyelwa eYurophu ukuba ithenge iincwadi ezixabisekileyo zesayensi.
UCussiatorly wasondela ngokucokisekileyo imiyalelo yomlawuli waseRussia. Ngokuphathelele i-injini yanaphakade, ilayibrari inxibelelane ne-Wolf. Yena, ngaphandle kokugatya ngokupheleleyo imibono ye-injini engapheliyo (umthetho wolondolozo lwamandla awukasaziwa), wacebisa ukuba athethe nabangeneleli, kwaye kwangaxeshanye ukuphonononga imoto yakhe.
Kodwa kwenzekile ukuba i-orpirius ayizange ivume ukubonisa into yakhe kwisithunywa seRussia. Endaweni yoko, yena, njengomrhwebi onesidima, wayeyithengisa ngokoqobo ingqondo yakhe uShitrariyeli, owaqondakaliyo, yayiyimali kunye naye.
Nangona kunjalo, uSchumacher akazange abe semngciphekweni. Ukongeza, ezinye izazinzulu ezininzi ezazama ukuvavanya injini ye-orpherius ayikwazanga ukwenza loo nto. Ngesi sihlandlo, bashiya amagqabantshintshi abo kwidilesi yokuyilwa, bengagungqi.
Lonke lo mfuneko lo Mfundisi waxela uMongami. Waphulaphula ngenyameko kwingxelo yesifundo sakhe kwaye wagqiba kwelokuba ngo-1725 ukutyelela iYurophu, kwaye kwangaxeshanye etyelele u-Orpherius. Kwaye ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle, emva koko ukuthenga into eyiJamani. Ngaphezu koko, wavakalisa ixabiso layo - malunga ne-100,000 ruble, isixa seli xesha lenkulu.
Njengoko uyazi, uPetros wasweleka okokuqala nge-1725. Kwaye uOreferius wasala ngaphandle kwemali yaseRussia. Kwaye ke-ngokubanzi ngaphandle kokubakho.
Kwavela ukuba imoto yakhe ayisiyo injini engapheliyo, kodwa umatshini oqhutywa ngumntu kwigumbi elilandelayo. Wayefuna indoda ngentambo - ivili elikhulu lika-Orpirius, elikhutshwe kwi-injini engapheliyo, kwaye ijikeleza.
Nangona kunjalo, iimotors zanaphakade kwaye emva kwesi sigameko saqhubeka kwaye siqhubeka nokufumana ...
Umbhali-Maxim Mishchenko
Umthombo - Springzhizni.ru.