Abanditsi ba Bankiros.ru Vuga umwaka usohoka. Noneho tuzavuga ibyerekeye impinduka zingenzi z'amafaranga zabaye mu mezi 12 kandi zigaragarira ku bukungu bw'igihugu ndetse n'inkingi z'Abarusiya.
Coronacrisris: Guhera
Muri Mutarama, yari azi virusi nshya itazwi, Ubushinwa bushimishije. Ariko, mugihe yari kure, gusa urwenya kuri enterineti gusa rwatewe. Ntabwo abaturage bose basobanukiwe nuburemere bwibihe, kandi bamwe ntibabyumva kugeza ubu. Ariko, bari kandi abatinyutse ibicuruzwa byose biva mu gikiro, harimo umunyu na pasta.
Indwara nshya, itandukanijwe vuba nisi, shyira ubukungu no gukora umusaruro ku isi no gutanga umusaruro "kubihagarara". Iya mbere yabyakozwe n'amasoko ya hydrocarbone n'amafaranga y'ibihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere kuri peable ari. Amavuta yaguye munsi ya $ 20 kuri barrale, kandi kumunsi umwe ejo hazaza habaye mubiciro bibi: Ntabwo bari bazi ko barimo kubikora - Ububiko bwose bwari bufunze. Kubwibyo, bahawe "kugirango rero", na bo bakuwe hejuru kugira ngo bafate.
Ibi bihe byangije amasosiyete menshi ya peteroli y'Abanyamerika, kandi Opec yongeye kugira ngo yicare ku meza yo kumvikana no gukurura ibindi bihugu kugira ngo ibiganiro. Noneho amavuta agarura umwanya, kandi afite ibyiringiro mubirori byahanuye muri 2021 68 Amadorari y'Amerika kuri Barrary yo mu rwego rwo hejuru muri Siberiya. Iteganyagihe rizasohora? Yerekana igihe. Byinshi biterwa nuko ubuyobozi bushya bwabanyamerika buzakuraho abacukuzi ba peteroli. Niba ari yego, amasoko ashobora kuniga mumavuta ahendutse. Ibintu, nubwo bizaba ari iby'igihe gito, bizatanga umusanzu mubi ku masoko.
Gutesha agaciro
Kumadorari yumwaka uriho waguye kuri 20%. Kuri euro - kugeza 30%. Abashoboye kugura "Abanyaburayi" n '"Abanyamerika" mu ntangiriro z'umwaka bari ku ifarashi. Ababanje kwahinduye amafaranga yabo mu gushora imitungo ya zahabu byahindutse kuri konji ya zahabu. Igiceri kizwi cyane cy'Uburusiya cya Georgy Victoronec cyatangiye ku giciro cya kabiri. Kandi ntibigwe.
Ariko umusaruro ukomeye cyane wagaragajwe Cryptocurcy. Igipimo kishinzwe uburemere bwa Bitcoin nimugoroba ku ya 30 Ukuboza 2020, nk'uko byabereye muri Portal Bankiros.ru, ni amadorari ibihumbi 28. Icya kabiri, ishoramari mu ishoramari ryaje kuba konti idasanzwe idasanzwe muri Palladium.
Igishimishije, uyu mwaka, mu rwego rwo gushyigikira ubukungu, umurage wa Leta w'Amerika wasohotse amadorari menshi. Amafaranga yahawe rubanda kugirango abantu barokoke kandi bangiza amasosiyete mumirenge ya serivisi. Muri icyo gihe, amadorari yabajije, ariko ntiyaguye.
Mu rwego rw'isi idashidikanywaho, abashoramari bake baguzwe amadorari, basiga umutungo urinda kandi bagenda byihuse mu bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere. Nkuko ingaruka - amadorari aracyari imihanda, ruble nintege nke.
Ishoramari n'impushya z'umusoro ku nyungu z'umuntu ku giti cye
Mu mpeshyi y'uyu mwaka, igihe icyorezo cyageraga mu Burusiya, Perezida Vladimir Putin yajuririye igihe kinini ku gihugu. Ubwa mbere, umukuru w'igihugu yohereje abarusiya kwicara mu cyumweru cya home mu cyumweru, hanyuma akazu ka rusange kagutse ku bundi kwezi.Kugira ngo wuzuze igihombo cyingengo yimari cyatewe nibiciro bya peteroli, gukenera gushyigikira ubucuruzi, kwikorera wenyine, umushomeri nimiryango ifite abana, Puntin yatangaje ko ingamba nyinshi z'umusoro icyarimwe.
Gahunda yabaye abantu ba mbere kandi bashimishije cyane. Gahunda yari umusoro ku kubitsa: Kuva 2021, NDFLS ku ya 13% izashyirwa ku nyungu zabonetse ku isambu 9 42.5 izakenerwa gukuramo ibicuruzwa bya miriyoni hamwe nurufunguzo rwiza rwo ku ya 1 Mutarama wumwaka). Muri icyo gihe, umusoro ntuzakurwa mu byegeranijwe, ariko urwarwa na banki.
Aya makuru yateje ibibi mu baturage, ibyo byagenze, tuzabwira nyuma.
Gahunda ya kabiri yahindutse NDFL yiyongereye 15% kubaha amafaranga arenga miliyoni eshanu kumwaka. Amafaranga aboneka muri aya mafaranga azishimishwa no kongera umusoro ku nyungu.
Ikindi gikorwa, kidafite akamaro kubaturage basanzwe, ariko ni ngombwa ku bukungu bw'igihugu - ingorane zo gukuramo amafaranga mu Orseshore. Perezida yashyize ahagaragara igipimo cy'imisoro ku baturage ndetse n'abatari abatuye, bazana amafaranga binyuze muri Kupuro n'ibindi bihugu bizwi ku misoro mike.
Amafranga ya kajugujugu
Amazu yose ariho, amafaranga mumifuka yabarusiya yatangiye vuba vuba. Utigeze yirukana (ku babuze akazi, kongereweho ubushomeri bwarekuwe ku mushahara muto w'akarere), boherejwe mu biruhuko cyangwa ku mushahara wa kure. Ibi byateje byinshi binini kuruta intangiriro ya cubes n'amande yo kurenga ku butegetsi bwihariye bwashyizweho mu turere twinshi.
Ibindi bihugu bikimara gutangira guharanira abaturage mu buryo bw'amafaranga, Abarusiya batangiye kwinjiza babisabye kugirango bakwirakwize amafaranga ku baturage. Abasesenguzi b'ibihugu bashyigikiwe: Gusa abanebwe ntibatanze "kuzamuka muri cube" - Gufungura ikigega cy'imibereho myiza kandi basangira n'ubutunzi bw'Uburusiya n'abarusiya.
Muri icyo gihe, nkomanga kunegura, Guverinoma na Banki Nkuru barwanyaga ikwirakwizwa rya "Kajugujugu y'amafaranga" - imyobo itagenzuwe kuri buri wese kandi nkuriya.
Hanyuma Vladimir Putin yiyemeza kwishyuza imiryango yose ifite abana kuva ku 3 kugeza ku myaka ibihumbi 10. Nyuma yukwezi, Tranche hasubirwamo, noneho ababyeyi b'abana kuva kuri 0 kugeza 16 bari mubagize amahirwe. Amafaranga yishyuwe akurikije aya magambo anyuze mu gice cya serivisi ya Leta. Amafaranga yimiryango ntabwo yitaye.
Abarusiya bose ntibabyishyuye neza. Benshi bararakaye gukata imyaka. By'umwihariko, benshi bagaragaje ibibi bayoboye impamyabumenyi y'imyaka, basaba mu mbuga nkoranyambaga: "Kandi nyuma y'abana 16 ntibasaba abana?".
Muri Kanama, abantu bongeye guhangayikishwa: niwo tranche ya gatatu yishura? Gusaba byinshi kuri aderesi ya perezida bisaba kongera kwishyura ibihumbi 10 kugirango bakusanye abana mwishuri, ntibusigara.
Guverinoma yagejeje ku buryo abantu bazabaho ku mafaranga yishyuwe: Bazajya bakoresha ayo mafaranga mu mafaranga, ububiko bw'imyambaro, bakoresha mu bikoresho n'imyidagaduro, bushobora kwikuramo byihuse mu bihe bikomeye. Gahunda ntiyakoraga. Mugihe imibare yerekanwe, aya mafaranga abantu basubitse "kumunsi wumukara" cyangwa bamara muri utwo turere batagize ingaruka kubipimo byibicuruzwa muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose.
By the way, mbere yumwaka mushya, ababyeyi n'abarezi b'abana kugeza ku myaka irindwi, tutitaye ku nyungu yakiriye indi tranche - amafaranga ibihumbi bitanu, nabyo byateje kutanyurwa n'abatahembwa.
Turabitsa: Ni hehe watwaye amafaranga
Umwaka wabaye ibyago kubatuye mubikoresho byo kuzigama - ahitamo kuzigama no gusubika kugura, ariko ntugafate inguzanyo. Kubitsa banki byatangiye gutesha agaciro. Niba ku ya 1 Mutarama 2020, umubare w'ingenzi wa Banki y'Uburusiya wari 6.25% kuri buri mwaka, hanyuma mu 2021 yinjira mu gihimbano, gutakaza ibiri ku ijana - 4.25%.
Noneho umusanzu uri ku gipimo hejuru ya 4% kuri buri mwaka - ikintu kiva mukarere kabifunzwe. Mubyukuri, ugomba kuzuza ibintu byinshi, kurugero, gushyira umubare munini kuri konti, ntukazuke kandi ntukureho ibikoresho mugihe runaka cyangwa gusubika igice runaka cyamafaranga kuri IIS cyangwa Ubwishingizi bwuzuye.
Muri uru rubanza, ifaranga mu mpera za 2020 rigomba kuba hejuru kurenza iyateganijwe 4% kuri buri mwaka. Rero, abafite imisanzu rusange muri uyu mwaka ntacyo yinjije.
Abantu barabisobanukiwe ako kanya, batangira gushaka amafaranga mu minsi ya mbere ya karantine - Abaterankunga bakimara gutangaza umusoro ku kubitsa. Bamwe bashakaga gusubika mu musego wakusanyirijwe mu musego wo kumara hano none, abandi bashakaga ubundi buryo.
Amafaranga menshi yagurutse kuri konti ya Eskrow. Kubara mu bitekerezo, inzu ifite angahe kuri stage y'urwobo, kandi kuberako ishobora kugurishwa mu rugo rwarangiye, abaturage benshi bashora imari mu mitungo itimukanwa. Kwiyongera kwimiturire hamwe na gahunda ya leta yumutungo wihariye ushinga amasoko: umwaka urangiye, ibiciro byimitungo itimukanwa byasimbutse cyane.
Abandi bari babitsa babaga kubitsa, gutakaza akazi. Gatatu yagiye kubashoramari. Umubare wa IIS muri uyumwaka wacitse inyandiko zose. Mu rwego rwo gutanga umusaruro, abaturage batangiye kugura ibicuruzwa by'ishoramari muri banki imwe. Ibibazo byaturutse aho batategereje. Umwaka urangiye, witegereza umubare w'abantu batwikwa kuri konti itazwi, hanyuma binubira neza Banki nkuru y'ishyirahamwe ry'igihugu cy'Uburusiya, umugenzuzi w'igihugu cy'Uburusiya, umugenzuzi w'ingabo zo mu Burusiya, umugenzuzi w'ishyirahamwe ry'ishoramari ry'Uburusiya bwerekeye ishoramari ry'ishoramari hamwe n'abashoramari badafite umurego, biragaragara ko batatanze Amashami y'ishoramari ry'amabanki na sosiyete. Ukuntu ubucuruzi buzava muri iki kibazo - bizamenyekana mu 2021.
Incamake
Kubukungu bwose bwisi yose, umwaka wari mubi. Bibi cyane. Ikibazo kitari cyimari cyashyinguwe amasoko ya hydrocarbone, inganda zikora hamwe nizindi nganda zitari nke. Mu badamu bari bahari harimo serivisi zakozwe na Didel-sosiyete. Ku ya 2020 ishize, byaje kuba umutuzo wa zahabu.
Mu byiza, ibihugu byinshi bimaze gutangira gukingira cyane kuri coronavirus, bikagira uruhare mu bashoramari kandi bitanga imbaraga zo kugarura ubukungu ku isi. Ibyiza kumasoko ahora bisuka ibyago no gushishikazwa nubukungu butera imbere Uburusiya. Kuva mu ngaruka z'igihugu cy'igihugu, zagumye - ibihano bishya by'Abanyamerika hafi y'umupaka.
Abahanga bashize amanga bahanura gukomera kwa Ruble hagati ya 2021, bazakurikira ako kanya kugirango biyongereyeho ibiciro bya peteroli. Niba iteganyagihe rizasohora - ntamuntu numwe ushobora kuvuga ufite ikizere. Nkuko bigaragara 2020 - byose birashobora guhinduka mugihe kimwe.