A cikin katako na katako a cikin lambun lopukhinky, wanda aka sani da gidan Gromov, wanda zai buɗe tsakiyar Arts, gwamnatin Petrorad ta ba da sanarwar gasar don aikinsa. A watan Nuwamba 200, maido da ginin ginin ya ƙare.
"Takarda" wallafa ɓangaren imel na sati mai ban mamaki Shishkin daga sati mai ban mamaki na gidaje na St. Petersburg da mazaunansu "sun sadaukar da su ga Dacha na Gromov. Karanta game da yadda Chekhov ya kasance a nan, me yasa shekarun da suka gabata, 'yan jaridar New York sun rubuta cewa gida "wani abu ne mai sihiri", kuma talabijin din Leningrad ya wajaba a wannan gidan.
Abin da ya kasance Lopukhin Garden 200 shekaru da suka gabata
Tsohon sunan na Titin AccalMican Pavlova - lopukhinskaya. Akwai kuma lambun lopukhinky, wanda sau ɗaya ya miƙa sosai fiye da yau, har zuwa Grafo na yanzu. Abu ne mai sauki ka yi tsammani sunan da tituna, da gonar ta faru daga sunan tsoffin karni, a farkon karni na kasar, kadarori a kan tsibirin Pharmaceticical da ke da dangin Lopukhin.
Sunan "Lopukhinkaya sunan" Lopukhinskaya "da aka samu a karo na biyu daga rukunin jinginar da aka samu, kuma ko da tare da titin da ke cikin tsohuwar sunan.
Garden lambu ya shimfiɗa a bangarorin biyu na hanya zuwa ga alama ce: "Akwai koyaushe babban garken ruwa a cikin babban filin shakatawa na yarima. Yarima ya yi farin ciki kuma a fili, kuma sau da yawa ana cike da masu sauraro daga shinge, yana sauraron mawaƙin da hamada. "
Bayan sayar da kaddarorin a shekarar 1820, an gano wani sashi na gonar ga jama'a, kuma tare da shi da kyakkyawar cibiyar da ake kira Villa "Mont Plesrenyok, da Mont Plesryra da kuma na VIORLDION na VIOLDIES. Ya wanzu shekaru da yawa, a cikin 1849 The mujallar "wanda aka ambata wannan gidan abincin tare da kiɗa tsakanin ɗakunan hutu na St. Petersburg. Kuma a cikin 1848, babban ɓangaren gonar yana sake canza mai shi. Sabon mai shi shine dan kasuwa na FedAmovich yi.
Wane ne tsawa kuma jaridu na Amurka sun rubuta game da kasarsa
Sunan tsohuwar Thunderous, kazalika da sunan lopukhini, gyarawa a kan taswirar garin. Idan, kallon shirin St. Petersburg, kuna duban yankin yankin ƙofar Moscow, to, za ku sami titin da ke kusa, kuma a kai akwai ɗan ƙaramin hurumi na makullin. An kira shi haka ne don girmama Uba Vasily Gromova, Fedula Grigorievic. Ya kasance mai talla mai arziki, mai ba da bashi, mahaliccin "belokrinitsits yarda" - daya daga cikin mafi yawan al'ummomin gidaje na duniya baki daya. A cikin 1848, Fedul Gromov ya mutu, ya bar hannun jari na gandun daji da babban yanayi.
Da kyau da kansa a lokacin aiki cikin karuwa a babban birnin kasar. A karkashin alama "Gromov da Co." Ya gina masana'antu mai riba, wanda aka kawo gandun daji ga mutane da jihar. Bugu da kari, a cikin 1829 ya sami nasarar aurar da 'yar kungiyar St. Petersburg mai arzikin Taraas Yakovlev. Gaskiya ne, ya zama dole a canza zuwa Orthodoxy don cikar da aure mai fa'ida, amma an albarkaci Fedul Grigorivich na Fedul Grigorivich ya albarka ga irin wannan matakin.
Son tarihin St. Petersburg? Biyan kuɗi zuwa News Lore News ?
Vasily Fedaftovury Connoisseur da kuma alherin rauni Fedilovich ta fara sake tsara tsohuwar lambun lopkhin. Ya umarni Architect Georgia Wintergalter (kamar yadda ya aka ba kawai ba kira - da kuma Egor, kuma Eugene, da kuma Ivan, - amma daga haihuwa da m ya kasance Georg) don gina sabon fili gida a biyu benaye a wurin shakatawa, da kuma Worderyer Alexander Gornostayeyev - don gina hadaddun lepan wasan barkono da yawa.
A cikin buri na ƙarshe, ƙaunar Gromov zuwa Botanic ya bayyana. Ya kasance daya daga cikin kafafun jama'a 12 na jama'ar mulkin mallaka na Rasha sun kira shuka a cikin girmamawa ga Daraja - inban Chertopoloch ya buɗe a Kudancin Amurka, karbi sunan Gromovia Pulchella. Baya ga tsirrai a cikin greenhouses na gromov sun tsunduma cikin lambun bude iska. Tare tare da dan gudun lambu Edsov, ya sauka a Lopukhinsky Park furanni, ya ba da umarni don gina arbers, gado ta hanyar tafkuna, don ba da tarkon kiɗa.
"An sanya gonar mai kyau. Gidan ya tsaya cewa fadar kasa ce. Fountain sun doke, an yi jigilar jigilar kaya da kuma wani matattarar jirgin ruwan kore, inda kuma wani lokaci a cikin hunturu mai girma a karkashin itatuwan dabino da sauran daukaka. Yana ƙaunar furanni, gidansa kuma yana da ado mai marmari a duk shekara. Ya ƙaunaci dawakan, Tsoro ya kasance farkon-aji. Kiɗan ma kida ma ya yi masa. Wani lokaci yakan yi fashi ga kansa, kamar yadda ya san yadda wa baƙi ya ba da kide kide, kiran dukkanin shahararrun mawaƙa na St. Petersburg m duniya. Tebur yana rike kullun, duka a cikin ƙasar da cikin birni, kula koyaushe koyaushe giya da abinci mai kyau. Ya kuma ƙaunace zane-zane, fasaha da masu zane-zane na Vasily Gromo, mai fasaha Maris Bogolyubov.
Ya kamata a lura cewa ga dan kasuwa, mazaunin kasar da aka fi so, gida ne a cikakkiyar ma'anar kalmar. Kullum mai shi ya rayu ba anan ba, amma a cikin gidan injaman fontanka, kusa da cibiyar birni.
A cikin 1866, shi ne Dacha Gromova wanda aka zabe shi don liyafar damar bayar da isowar Rasha na sabuwar jakadan Amurkawa na Amurka. A cewar wannan batun, News News New York Gerald ya buga bayanin Kasuwancin Vilce:
"Kunguma Mr. Gromov a cikin ado da kyakkyawa wakiltar wani sihiri: tsirrai, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa - duk wannan yana da girma, da aka zaɓa da irin wannan dandano. Dubun da dubban hasken wuta, kuma akwai hasken lantarki da aka yi a maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, ya zare ruwa mai feshin ruwa a cikin nau'ikan launuka iri-iri. Hoton ya kasance mai ban mamaki a cikin gonar da a cikin gidan. "
Kuma lokacin da wani nunin na kasa da kasa da aka yi a St. Petersburg a watan Mayu 1869, duk ranar shirin na baƙi na kasashen waje an sadaukar da su don bincika gonar greyov. Basashen waje na kasashen waje sun yi murna da ci gaban dan kasuwa mai fan da cewa saplings na Gromovia Puring a wurin shakatawa, gwada su da sunayensu da sunayensu.
Amma ba masana kimiyya bane kawai, masu zane-zane da diflomasiyya na iya sha'awan lambun Gromovsky. Vasily Fedulovich ya buɗe kashinsa ga kowa. Kuma a ranar Asabar, Chef na Thunder ko da wurin shakatawa don baƙi na wurin shakatawa na 'yan kuɗi kyauta ne, jayayya a cikin labarin "gidaje da rabo. Dacha Gromova. Lopukhinsky Gonwanni »Vioolas daga ɗakunan ɗakunan da ke gefen.
Kamar bayan mutuwar Gromov, gida ya zama wani ɓangare na ginin garin
Bayan mutuwar mai shi a cikin 1878, an mai gādon gidan da ɗan'uwansa, da jam'iyyar Ilya Fedatovich ta gromovich. Amma, ba kamar ɗan uwana da Uba ba, bai yi nasara ɗan ɗan kasuwa ba. A karshen rayuwar Gromot-Jr., Ya fadi karkashin matsalar abokin kasuwancinsa, gudanar da al'amuran lauya Vladimir Rastkov-Rozhov. Ilya Gromov ya mutu a shekara ta 1882, da ya samu shi da kadarorin.
Wannan ya karfafa matsayin Raft-roe a babban birnin, nan da nan suka zama daya daga cikin dangin St. Petersburg.
Bayan tsawa, gida ya canza da yawa. Wasu daga cikinsu sun zauna a cikin gidan da kansu, wasu sun bi shi. Misali, a farkon 1890s, gida ya cire jaridar tasiri, marubuci da edita Jeronim Yasinsky.
"A farkon shekarun 1890, St. I. Yasterky koyaushe yana zaune a quite na tsohon Gromov, a wancan lokacin, A. P. Chekhov. Tun daga 1892, Czechs sun kasance sau da yawa Chekhov. Wurin yana da yawa kamar othon pavlovich cewa Anton Pavlovich cewa Anton Pavlovich cewa Anton Pavhga da muhimmanci "a wancan lokacin, an yanke shawarar rayuwa a kan tsibirin Prozhda da Victor an fada a cikin Littafin Malami.
A cikin nassi sama da marubutan daban suna bayyana cewa yasinsky cire gidan ba tare da wani gida ba, amma a matsayin gida na dindindin. Lallai ne, a ƙarshen karni na XIX na sauran sauran hutun ƙasa, tabbas babu shakka babu abin da ya dace. A ƙarshen ƙarshen Lopukhinskaya Street, da hadaddun "Duflon" ya bayyana, kusa da Cibiyar Magungunan Gwaji. Sabbin gine-ginen mazaunin sun girma a wuraren makwabta kamar namomin kaza. Kuma a cikin 1899, mai mallakar mai zaman kansa na FYodor Alchekrovich Alferrov ya yanke shawarar sayar da yawancin tsoffin Gromovsky don ci gaba. Kafin 1917, ya bar kawai wani gida da karamin lambu tsakanin Neva da Lopukhinskaya titin. A sauran ƙasashen alferov, yana ba da shawara don sa sabbin tituna: Vologda), Perm (Thafoo), UFA da Vyatka (yanzu ba ya wanzu). Fiye da shekaru daya da rabi da suka gabata, yawancin tsoffin lambuna sun ragu ga ginin gidaje masu taimakon kuɗi da haɗin gidaje.
Yaya Dacha ta zama ɗakin karatun talabijin da yadda ta ci lalata
Bayan juyin juya halin Musulunci, gida sau da yawa ya canza ayyuka. Na ɗan lokaci akwai gidan hutu na talakawa na Stakhano, to gidan majagaba. Sai kawai a cikin 1937, ginin ya samo mai shi mai mai dindindin - oltz, dan wasan talabijin na talabijin talabijin. A wannan lokacin, injiniyan rediyo suna aiki don haɓaka fasahar talabijin na talabijin kuma gabatar da su zuwa rayuwar Soviet tsawon shekaru. Amma babu watsa studio - wanda yake shine dalilin da yasa watsa na farko (har yanzu a cikin mafi hankali watsa labarai a nesa) da aka aiwatar da shi kai tsaye daga Cibiyar Binciken Talabijin ta Alamar Union a kan Fontancka . Misali, ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 1937, Lenenradskaya Pravda jaridar ta ruwaito cewa wakilinta ya kalli fina-finai "Chapapev".
Bayan nasarar farko, an yanke shawarar canja wurin tsohon gidan zuwa ɗakin talabijin ga talabijin din talabijin. Daga gare shi, an aiwatar da watsa shirye-shirye a kan talabijin da aka sanya a cikin al'adun gargajiya mai suna bayan Kapilesostrovsky, vybborg da Volomar Voloricts. Bugu da kari, canja wuri daga Gromovskaya Dacha yana kallo a cikin Pione na majagaba, a cikin nishadi da sasannin fannin manyan masana'antu da masana'antu. Jawabai game da Talun gida a cikin USSR a wancan lokacin bai yi tafiya ba.
Blogger Mikhail Katz ya bayyana na farko a cikin garin mai haƙuri a cikin labarin Reviet "Haihuwar Soviet Talabijan":
"Regular, amma takaice, watsa fara daga 1938 daga talabijin cibiyar, wanda aka located a cikin tsohon Dacha V. F. Gromov. Kyamara ta Studio kawai tana tsaye a kan tsayayyen ɗan lokaci kuma yana da ruwan tabarau ɗaya. Don yin allo mai kusanci, mai magana ya zo kusa da ɗakin. Na'urar ta kasance ajizai; Saboda rashin samun iska, zazzabi a cikin fim ɗin fim ɗin an tashe lokaci daya zuwa digiri daya, kuma 'yan wasan kwaikwayo sun boye a karkashin huluna da wigs na kumfa. An yi amfani da kide kiɗan da ke tare da amfani da shi ta amfani da patefone. A zamanin yau, televisise na farko sunyi aiki a cikin irin waɗannan halaye ... Koyaya, har yanzu TV na farko na masu karɓar gidajen talabijin na farko sun kasance suna cikin gidajen al'adu. An gudanar da watsa shirye-shiryen watsa shirye-shiryen da rana, don haka an nuna fina-finai a cikin sassan: farkon yau, ƙarshen shine gobe. "
Aikin talabijin na gidan talabijin a kasar ya katse a lokacin babban yakin mai kishin, amma ya sake farawa a 1947. Babban ginin Lenenrad Telltorad Telltorra Grogovsky ya kasance har ya zuwa 1960, lokacin da wani sabon abu, ya gina Wuraren watsa shirye-shirye a tsakiyar karni na XIX, Hakanan a kula da shi. Dacha na Gromov. Wani lokaci, an san ginin da gidan taliyanci na talabijin, amma kayan da kai ba su bar nan ba.
Tun daga shekarun 1970, ginin ya fara raguwa. Tuni a cikin 1990th ya sake yin aiki koyaushe. Ana yin hayar 'yan ƙaramin kamfanonin kasuwanci a sassa. A cikin ginin 2000th kuma an yi watsi da shi kwata-kwata.
Cewa tare da Dacha Gromova yana faruwa yanzu
Wani sabon yunƙuri na numfashi a rayuwar ƙasar a shekara ta 2013 da gwamnatin ledrorrad ya ɗauka. An ba jami'ai su ba da cibiyar matasa da matasa "legragradets". Kuma shi, bi, bi, ya ba da izinin zama a cikin ginin zuwa ga mai son "kira". Amma ya juya cewa zai kasance matsala don sanya wasan kwaikwayon.
"Yana da kyau don kafa cikin gidan, duk da haka, ba zai yiwu ba: yanzu babu sadarwa - ba ruwa, babu zafi ko wutar lantarki. A kan fashewar bayan gida korofta a farkon bene, wani daga tsoffin mazaunan mazauna sun rubuta cewa ba shi yiwuwa a yi amfani da m. Bangon yana kusan rubutattun Hieroglyphs ... saƙa da kwasfa an zubar da su tare da nama - wayoyi masu taimako masu taimako. Wani gidan wuta na chic a bene na biyu ba wanda ya daɗe, ba wanda aka bi da shi, "Jihar gidan don Fabrairu 2014, Julia Galkin, ya bayyana jihar ta Fabrairu 2014 a kayan ƙauyen.
Duk da haka, godiya ga "kira" da masu goyon baya da masu goyon baya daga haɗin gwiwar masu ƙirƙira (a halin yanzu), a taƙaice a taƙaice, an yi wasannin, nune-nuneni, nune-nuneni, nune-n nune. Da yawa daidai, godiya ga ayyukan magabata, Semi-rufewa mai rufe fuska ya zama da hankali ga hukumomi. A shekara ta 2016, maido da maido da na farko na fuses na gidaje ya fara ne a shekara ta 2016. An gama shi a cikin Nuwamba 2020. Kuma kwanan nan hukumomin birni sun ba da sanarwar gasa don ƙirar "Cibiyar don Art" a cikin ginin. Gaskiya ne, idan ya buɗewa kuma abin da za a gabatar da shi - ba a bayyane yake ba. A yau, masu hana ginin har yanzu suna cikin tsari, babu benaye a dakuna da yawa.
Ga dukkan canje-canje a cikin sabuwar makomar ginin da zaku iya bi a cikin rukunin "Dacha tsawa. Reincarnation ", wanda ake gudanar da gidan wasan kwaikwayon na" kira ".
A cikin wannan takarda "takarda", ɗalibi na tsoffin gidaje a cikin finnish na bayyana yadda Komarov da Refin Dands ya rayu kafin juyin su da abin da ragowar gidajensu. Kuma a nan karanta tambayoyin da masana tarihi game da rayuwar St. Petersburg Dachnikov a ƙarni na XVIIII-XIX.