Ngoluvo lwakhe malunga neendlela eziphambili eziya kumiselwa yinkangeleko yehlabathi kunye necandelo lezemali, i-Sublim Sublieva eyabiwe "nehlathi yoTyalo-mali" - i-Green-Girld "- ukuphucula ukusebenza kweenkqubo zeshishini kwizemali kunye Imikhombandlela yeBhanki yeBhanki. Umfundi ophumelele i-MOSCOW ye-MOSCOW kunye neTekhnoloji yeTekhnoloji yeMathematics, ngoku i-MASMIM SINGEV isebenze ePhiladelphia (i-USA) kwizisombululo zemali ze-Donnelley, ethatha indawo ekhokelela ekudalweni kolawulo lomngcipheko kwisoftware kunye nokuthotyelwa kweemfuno zolawulo. Izigqibo ekunikezelweni kweemali zotyalo mali. Ngaphambili, iMaxim yayinoxanduva lokuqulunqwa kweemveliso zotyalo-mali lwabathengi kwiminqweno yamashishini amakhulu, kubandakanya ukuphuhliswa kweqela elisebenzayo kunye nolawulo lwamaqela asebenza ngokusebenza kwi-cubbank cib (i-moscow, iRuscow, iRuscow, iRuscow, iRussia) . Njengomqeshwa weSebe leMfundo lokubonisana noDeloitte Cis (Moscow, iRussia), waphucuka gwenxa kuthotho lweeprojekthi zotshintsho lweshishini zeMpuma Yokhuseleko.
- Yintoni, enyanisweni, 'kwinguqu "yedijithali yedijithali yotyalo-mali kunye necandelo lezemali? Zeziphi iimveliso ezintsha eziziswayo? Autous Zeziphi iinkqubo zeshishini kwi-bippefer namhlanje kwi-Peashion?
Itekhnoloji yedijithali iguqula imbonakalo yawo onke amashishini, inyanzela amashishini ukuba asebenze ngendlela entsha. Icandelo lezemali lingaphezulu kwabanye, livulekile ekuqaliseni kwento entsha. Yayilunqaba olu lwadalwa oludala iimeko ezifanelekileyo kungekuphela nje ukonyusa iingeniso zamaziko emali, kodwa nakwindawo yokuvela kweshishini elitsha leTekhnoloji (iFintech). Ukukhuphisana ngempumelelo kule ntsimi, iinkampani kufuneka nje ziphuhlise kwaye zimiliselo ekusebenziseni itekhnoloji.
Kwakukho amaxesha apho kwicandelo leenkonzo zezezimali "ibhola iqhubela iibhanki ezinkulu zotyalo-mali. Kunzima ngakumbi kubo ukukhuphisana nabameli besiza "esizukulwaneni seFintech", egxile ekuboneleleni ngeemveliso kunye neenkonzo ezithile.
Namhlanje, kwanenkampani encinci inokuthi inike abathengi ngeendlela ezintsha zokulawula imali kunye neentlawulo, kunye nokubonelela ngamathuba okusebenzisa ukuthengiselana ngemali, ukwala amaqela.
Kwelinye icala, nangona iinkampani zeFintech ziya kukhathazeka kubadlali bemveli kwicandelo lezemali zotyalo-mali, ngenxa yoko, loo nto kunye nabanye baqalise ukunxibelelana ngakumbi. Ngenxa yentsebenziswano neenkampani ezintsha, iibhanki zotyalo-mali zinokwandisa iinkqubo zeshishini. Ibango lesisombululo sesoftware yokuqokelela kunye nedatha yohlalutyo iyakhula. Umzekelo, i-scrub yomthombo ibonelela ngeqonga lokuphucula ukudibanisa kunye nokufumana ukuthengiselana. Isisombululo sikuvumela ukuba uqokelele ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye uhlalutye idatha eyahlukeneyo yeenkampani, amalungu anokubakho kwintengiselwano ye-M & A-intengiselwano. Ngenxa yesicelo sayo, iibhanki zotyalo-mali zinokufumana abathengi abanokubakho ngokukhawuleza.
Intsebenziswano enjalo iluncedo kwaye abameli bamacandelo e-bintech abanokusebenzisa amava kunye nedatha enkulu eqokelelweyo yimibutho yotyalo-mali ukuphuhlisa ishishini labo. Iziphumo ezinjengobambiswano, umzekelo, kukuvela kwezisombululo zebhanki njengenkonzo (ibhanki-yebhanki), ivumela abadlali ukuba banxibelelane neenkqubo zebhanki kwi-API kwaye benze ezazo iimveliso kunye neenkonzo zezezimali. Ukusetyenziswa okuthembekileyo kunye nokuhambelana nazo zonke iimfuno ezilawulayo ze-IT ishenxisa iinkampani eziyimfuneko kwimfuno yokufumana ilayisensi yebhanki kwaye yoyisa ezinye izinto ezisentsimini. Ukuphehlelelwa kwamaqonga anjalo kuyingenelo kwiibhanki, kuba kule meko iinkampani ze-Fictech zisebenza njengabaxumi, kwaye bengakhuphisana.
Ngokubhekisele kwezona teknoloji zeTekhnoloji ezokufuna kwiCandelo loTyalo-mali kunye neCandelo lezeMali, kunokubakho ibhlokhi kunye nobukrelekrele bobugcisa (AI). Kwimibutho yezemali kwihlabathi liphela, ukungeniswa kwebhloko yebhloksi sele iphantse iphambili. Ezi teknoloji azikhange zilungele ukwenza iindleko zentengiso (ngenxa yokulishiya amaphepha) kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwentengiselwano (ngenxa yokungafihlisi kwazo zonke iintshukumo kwi-chain yebhlokhi). Inqaku lesibini lifanelwe kakhulu, kuba iinkampani zecandelo lezezimali zihlala zingenalo "zabangeneleli. Kodwa ukuba isantya sokuphunyezwa kwesiciko sebhloko sicothisi ngokuthe ngcembe, ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ye-2 ifumana amandla.
Ukubambelela ekufumaneni ifuthe eliphezulu loqoqosho, imibutho yezemali ityale imali ngokuzithandela kwi-AI, ngaphandle kokungagungqi kwetekhnoloji. Olona candelo luphambili apho ubukrelekrele bobugcisa buyeyona nto ixhaphakileyo yinkonzo yabathengi kunye nokulwa ubuqhetseba. I-Conch Bots sele ikwazi ukujongana nezicelo zabathengi, kunye ne-Algorithms ziyakwazi ukubona imisebenzi yobuqhetseba kunye nokwazisa abathengi malunga nabo. Isisombululo sale misebenzi mibini iqinisekisa imali ebalulekileyo yezixhobo zemali.
Ndiza kuthi ukuba zonke ezo ntlobo zidwelisiweyo zihambelana kuzo zombini zona utyalomali lwehlabathi nelaseRussia kunye namacandelo emali.
- Yeyiphi eyona meko iphambili kwicandelo le-B2B kwicandelo lezemali lehlabathi?
-Ubhubhamo kwaye ubangelwa yibhodi yakhe kwiinkalo ezininzi ezizimisele ngeendlela zecandelo. Eyona nto iphambili ibandakanya ukuthengisa: Ukukhawulezisa ukuthengisa kwi "mfo", ukwandisa indima yamathuba ezenkonzo, utshintshile kwiintlanganiso zobuqu nakwiincoko zonxibelelwano kwi-Intanethi. Kwangelo xesha, uninzi lweenkampani ziyaqiniseka ukuba iinguqu ezininzi eziye zenza "inyani entsha" iya kuqhubeka kwixesha elizayo. Ukuba umntu wokuqala ophambili kwi-intanethi yomthengi wenza umthengi wabangela ukuthandabuza, ngoku abaninzi bakuqonda ukusebenza kakuhle. Ndizakuphawula ukulungela ukuthenga okukhulu kwiCandelo le-B2B.
- Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba uthini i-B2B icandelo lihamba kwicala elinye elaqala ukukhula kweqela le-B2C phambi kwakhe?
-Ewe, ewe, ngokuthe ngcembe i-B2B Mervids nge-B2C: Abantu balinde ukuba kuzo zonke iindawo zeshishini kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla baya kufumana amava afanayo abathengi. Kule meko, ikakhulu malunga namava onxibelelwano lwe-intanethi. Ungalibali ngendima eyandayo yeMilleniav. Abo baqhele ukwenza izinto kwiAmazon okanye kwi-aliexpress ukusuka ebuntwaneni, baya kukhetha imodeli enjalo yokusebenzisa kunye neshishini. Ukutshintshela izibonelelo ze-B2C kwicandelo lecandelo, abathengisi kufuneka banike abathengi abanezakhono zokukhangela, uvavanyo kunye nokuthelekisa iimpahla kunye neenkonzo. Iinkonzo zokuHambisa ezisekwe kwimilinganiselo yobungcali kunye nokukhumbula kwabasebenzisi bokwenyani kungafunwa apha. Ukuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso-nkqubo sokuthengisa esinqamlezileyo kukuvumela ukuba unyuse itsheki ye-APR. Akukho nto ibaluleke kakhulu kumthengi wanamhlanje kukufumana ulwazi oluninzi malunga nemveliso okanye inkonzo ekufikeleleni evulekileyo, kunye nokujonga (ukuba kunokwenzeka).
Izakhelo zenguqu yedijithali- Ngubani odlala indima ephambili kuguquko lwedijithali weenkampani zemali? Ngokusekwe kumava akho, kwenze icandelo lezemali linabasebenzi elifunekayo kunye namava okanye ngokufezekileyo ukuqhuba kakuhle kwiingcali zangaphandle? Ngaba kukho "i-Elite" yehlabathi "yeengcali zenguqu zedijithali?
-Umgaqo, imibutho iqhuba inguqu yedijithali ngokwabo, njengoko bayaziqonda indlela iinkqubo zangaphakathi zeshishini ezicwangcisiweyo, zeziphi iziphumo ekufuneka zifezekiswe ngayo ngotshintsho lwedijithali, eziquka izixhobo zoku, kubandakanywa nezezimali.
Kodwa impembelelo yokuguqula inokuvela ngaphandle, ngokuyintloko ikwinxalenye yeenkampani ezinje ngeMckinsey, i-Boston Consurting qela, iBali, Deloitte, Kpmg, Erchnatte Corpoous. Ngabo ababalwe ngenxa ye-elite kwicandelo lenguquko yedijithali. Uvavanyo lwee-arhente zokubonisana kwamanye amazwe zibanzi kakhulu kunalo naliphi na umdlali wecandelo. Ukongeza, banamava ekuphumezeni iiprojekthi ezininzi kwihlabathi liphela kunye nokukwazi ukudibanisa imiyalelo evela kweminye imimandla ukuba akukho zingcali zaneleyo kwiOfisi yeMoscow. Ukutsala abacebisi bangaphandle Vula ukufikelela kwezona zinto zibalaseleyo zehlabathi. Kwangelo xesha, ndiyakholelwa ukuba iingcali zangaphandle zinokunceda ukuphucula isicwangciso sedijithali sokumiliselwa kweshishini eliza kuba noxanduva ngokuzimeleyo. Le ndlela isebenza kakhulu kwaye ivela kwimbono yezoqoqosho.
- Ube yingcali yakho ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwezorhwebo kunye nenguqu yedijithali?
-Ngaphezu kweminyaka emine, ndandingumcebisi we-Deloitte kwisicwangciso kwaye ndisebenza ngokusebenza kakuhle kwamaziko emali, kubandakanya imali yotyalo-mali kunye neRetail. Ngeli xesha ndenzelwa inxaxheba kwiiprojekthi zebhanki eziphambili neRussia. Oku kwenza ukuba kufumaneke amava kunye nokuqonda okunzulu kwendlela inkqubo yebhanki eRussia kunye nehlabathi liphela, njengenkqubo yeshishini eyakhiwe. Emva koko ndasebenza kwiCandelo loTyalo-mali le-SBREBK, apho wafumana ithuba lokwazisa ulwazi lwayo, kwaye wabona indlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo izigqibo zobuchule.
- Leliphi lamava afunyenweyo eRussia sele eyingenelo yakho e-USA?
- Xa ufuna umsebenzi kumazwe, intsingiselo yam ephambili ibingamava kwinkampani yamazwe athethwayo. Umqeshi ukusuka naphi na emhlabeni uqondakala ukuba amava omsebenzi onolwazi lokubuyela umva aguqulwa ngokulula. I-inzuzo yesibini ndiqwalasele imfundo. IZiko le-Mscow le-MOSCICS kunye neTekhnoloji, endiyiphumeleleyo, inodumo njengeyunivesithi eyomeleleyo kunye nokwamkelwa kwehlabathi lonke kwindalo. Ngokubanzi, amava endiwaphelileyo ngexesha lokufudukela eUnited States aqondwe kwaye afune.
Kwangelo xesha, ndifuna ukuqaphela ukuba umsebenzi kwi-Russia iBhanki yandivumela ukuba ndijonge iingxaki zenkqubo yezemali yehlabathi. Nam, ndaye ndagqiba kwelokuba amava eenkampani zaseRussia anezinto ezintsha kwaye ubukhulu ubukhulu becala kwintengiso yemakethi yaseMelika.
- Zeziphi iirati kunye nezakhono eziyimfuneko ukuguqula amaziko emali? Zeziphi iingcali ezifanele zijonge iibhanki zaseRussia kunye nengxowa mali yotyalo-mali? Kwaye uza kubafumana phi?
-Inguqu yamaziko emali anokuthiwa ngumsebenzi weprojekthi oqhelekileyo, ogqiba abasebenzi babonelele ngoxanduva lwengqokelela yedijithali. Kuya kufuneka bakwazi ukulungiselela umsebenzi wokuhamba, ukuseka unxibelelwano phakathi kwazo zonke izixhobo ezichaphazelekayo. Kuya kufuneka baqonde amacala obuchwephesha kwiprojekthi kwinqanaba elifanayo. Kodwa eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kukukwazi ukubona umfanekiso xa uphela, ngaphandle kokuhlawula isisombululo semisebenzi yangoku. Ngokoluvo lwam, abasebenzi beenkampani zokubonisana, abaphathi beeprojekthi balulungele ngokugqibeleleyo ngendima yabalulekileyo. Oko kukuthi, abo banamava ekucwangcisweni nasekulawuleni inkqubo, kwaye nabo banoluhlu olubanzi lwentengiso kunye nolwazi lwentengiso. Ungakhangela ezo ngxibenga phakathi kwabaphumeleleyo kwiiyunivesithi eziphezulu zobugcisa.
I-Russia kunye ne-USA: Ukusondela kakhulu- Ngaba iingcali zeRussia zinokuba namava eUnited States, zibakhokela ezintsha kwiinkampani zemali zaseRussia? Zingakumbi ntoni phesheya?
- Olona ncedo luphambili lwangoochwephesha ngamava okusebenza kwiimarike zehlabathi. Iinkampani ezininzi zaseMelika ekuqaleni zingena kwimarike yekhaya, ngelixa ishishini lasekhaya lilolwa kakhulu eRussia, kungcono, kumazwe e-CIS. Umbono we-jikelele ubonakalisa ukuphathwa kweenkqubo kwinqanaba elisisiseko, elinika ukufikelela kwiimarike ezintsha kunye nemveliso yokuphathwa kwemveliso. Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga abaphathi benkqubo kunye nabantu eUnited States banxulumene ngokusondeleyo nokwakha inkcubeko yomdibaniso, ethi ekugqibeleni inyuse ukusebenza komsebenzi. Ukuba ugxile kwicandelo lezemali, i-United States isebenza njengoMlawuli wamazwe onke, kwiimfuno zamanye amazwe zihlengahlengiswa. Ulwazi malunga nendlela iinkqubo zenkqubo yezemali yaseMelika ngokuqinisekileyo ziluncedo.
-Iinkampani zecandelo laseRussia kwintshona kwicandelo lenguqu yedijithali?
Kwindlela yokufumaneka kunye nokuhanjiswa kweemveliso zedijithali kunye neenkonzo, iRussia iphezulu kakhulu kwi-United States. Oku kuphawuleka ngakumbi kwicandelo lebhanki, ukuthengisa kunye nentlawulo. Umzekelo, kwi-States yoguqulelo lwe-Intrabank lusathatha iintsuku ezininzi. Iintlawulo ezingafakwanga azifumananga ukusasazwa okuninzi. Kwiivenkile ezininzi akunakwenzeka ukuba uhlawule ngenkqubo yeGooglePay kunye ne-ApplePay. I-New York Metropolitan kwiminyaka nje embalwa eyadlulayo, yaqala inguqu ukuba ihlawulwe intlawulo yokunxibelelana; Khawulezisa le nkqubo kuphela ekuqalekeni kwebhulukhwe.
I-lag ebalulekileyo yeenkampani zaseRussia ukusuka eMelika ibonwa kuyo yonke into enxulumene nolwakhiwo lwamava abathengi. Nangona kungenakwenzeka ukuthi le nto inxulumene ngqo nenguquko yedijithali. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka ukusombulula nawuphi na umbuzo okanye ukurhoxisa intlawulo ekrokrisayo ngefowuni ebaluleke ngakumbi kunelutho kunye nokufumaneka kwezicelo zeselula.
Kukho umphathi wemveliso-Uyintoni umahluko kumsebenzi wolawulo lwemveliso e-USA naseRussia?
-Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele umahluko kwinkcubeko kunye nohluko kwiindlela zokwakha unxibelelwano. ERussia, uluntu oluninzi oluninzi apho kulula khona ukufumana ulwimi oluqhelekileyo. Kunzima ngakumbi koku kumazwe, kuba iqela linokuba lizwe lizwe kwaye libandakanye abantu abane-biscard eyahlukileyo kakhulu. Oku kunokuba yindawo yokudibanisa ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga ukufumana izimvo ezintsha kunye nokutshintshiselana ngamava, kodwa kushukumisela unxibelelwano lwangaphakathi. Ngokubanzi, umgaqo ophambili wokwakha iqela lunxibelelwano oluhle kunye nendlela, oku kunokuba ngaphantsi kwecandelo lobuqu, kodwa onke amalungu eqela azive ekhululekile.
-Utshintsha njani umphathi wemveliso namhlanje?
Ixabiso leengcali ezinjalo ziyanda ngenxa yokuba iimeko ezikhoyo zitshintsha ngokukhawuleza: iibakaki zomphathi wemveliso zinoxanduva lokuziqhelanisa nazo. Iimpawu zobunkokeli kunye nokuzibandakanya kweemvakalelo kuyavela. Ngokukhanya kwento yokuba namhlanje amaqela amaninzi asebenza kwimodi ekude, umsebenzi womphathi kukugcina inkuthazo, ugxininiso kwisiphumo nakwinqanaba eliphezulu labo bonke abasebenzi. Yenza kube nzima kakhulu.
I-Konstantin Frumkin