Logama nje ukuhamba sele kukhubazekile ngokunxulumene nobuteli, amawaka amawaka kunye namawaka abantu ababeqhutywa sisikhululo seenqwelomoya yonke imihla. Ezi phantse zeyona miqobo ifanelekileyo yokwenza uhlaselo lwabanqolobi, kuba kwindawo enye uninzi lwabantu luyahamba. Ngendlela efanayo, ukugxininiswa okuphezulu kwabantu kwizilwanyana ezinkulu zenqwelomoya kukhulisa izinga lokufa kwabantu eliphezulu xa kuhlaselwa inqwelomoya, kunye nokukwazi ukusebenzisa inqwelo moya njengesixhobo esibuhlungu sinokuba yinjongo yokukhuphela. Kungenxa yoko le nto ulawulo lokhuseleko kwizikhululo zeenqwelo moya lungqongqo kakhulu. Kodwa bekungasoloko kunjalo, kwaye siya kukuxelela malunga nokuba ukhuseleko kwiindawo zokufumana amandla okuqokelelwa kwabantu kucwangcisa ukuya kwindiza.
Imvelaphi yeNgxaki
Ngexesha elisusela ngoMeyi 1961, ekupheleni konyango lwe-1972, i-159 unyango lwenqwelomoya lwenziwa kwi-United States Airspace. Eli xesha lihlala libizwa ngokuba yiGolden Age ye-hijaking yenqwelomoya. Kungekudala emva komhlango weCuba wowe-1959, abakheki baqala ukufuna ukuba abaqhubi beenqwelo moya babambe inqwelomoya abangena kwiCuba, ukuba kuphela iikhilomitha ezingama-1518 kuphela kunxweme lweUnited States. Uninzi lwabo lwakholelwa ukuba babeza kudibana njengamagorha bohlaselo, uFidel Rostro uya kuzithabatha phantsi kwengxolo, kwaye akuyi kohlwayo.
Izicelo ziye zaya rhoqo kangangokuba ibinzana elindise kwi cuba! " Ityhutyha imizobo kaMonti Paiton. Kodwa uFidel wayengakhawulezi ukuthatha iimbaleki, kwaye akubona ithuba lokuthobela urhulumente wase-US, enikele kwinqwelo moya yase-moya kwiidola ezingama-7 500.
Kwenziwe ntoni?
Urhulumente wase-US wagqiba kwelokuba lixesha lokuthatha isigqibo malunga nento, kuba imeko yaqala ukujongwa. Kwakukho umbono wokwakha inguqulelo ye-havana kwiFlorida esezantsi kweFlorida, ukuze inqwelomoya yasebiwa iwele apho. Kodwa le projekthi ibibiza kakhulu, kwaye ii-hijackers zazingenakuba sisidenge ngokupheleleyo kwaye zahlulahlulwe yiCuba eUnited States.
Umbono wesicwangciso esiphumeleleyo ngakumbi ubolekwe kwinkqubo yasemkhosini yaseMelika. Eyona nto iphambili kukusebenzisa izixhobo zentsimbi okanye izixhobo ze-X-ray ukuze zihlolwe bonke abakhweli. Ezi teknoloji ezintsha sele zisetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwiintolongo zolawulo ezingqongqo ezingqongqo zolawulo kunye nakwizibonelelo zomkhosi ezifihlakeleyo. Kodwa isebe lenqwelo moya le-Federal (i-FAA) lalilahla umbono, ukusukela, amanyathelo alo, amanyathelo anjalo ngewayenempembelelo yokuziphatha kwengqondo kubahambi.
Amanyathelo okuqala athathiweyo
Okokuqala, inqwelo moya yagqitywa kweyokuba iya kuba ichanekile ukuthobela zonke iimfuno zabafunwayo ukuze zinciphise ubundlobongela emva kokubanjwa kwenqwelomoya. Injongo yayikukwenza i-qujacking ngokukhawuleza kwaye ingenabuhlungu kwaye ayinabuhlungu, kodwa kwakungekho nto ifanelekileyo.
I-FAA ke yagqiba kwelokuba iguqukele kolunye uluvo-kuvavanya indlela yokuziphatha kunye nokubonakala kwabantu. Iingcali zengqondo zaqalisa ukubakhwela abakhweli ngokusekwe kwiimpawu ezifana nokukhula, ukungakwazi ukugcina ukunxibelelana okubonakalayo, kunye nexhala malunga nempahla yabo. Xa umntu esenza ngokungaqhelekanga, wayehamba kwigumbi elahlukileyo lokuhlolwa kwaye wahlolwa ngomgcini wesinyithi.
Le ndlela ibonakala ingathembekanga kakhulu, kodwa ilize. Ngo-1986 bekunokwenzeka ukubala "ibhombu" kaMariya-Ann Murphy, ezaziphethe iziqhushumbo. Intombazana ayifanelanga ukwaphuka kwe-stereotypical yabanqolobi. Kodwa i-Ireland emhlophe ekhulelweyo i-Ireland-Katolika yayithwele incinci, yaphendula umbuzo malunga nempahla kunye nenkonzo yezokhuseleko yakwazi ukubona isoyikiso.
Okubangela umdla kukuba, abakhweli ngokwabo bawaxhasa loo manyathelo kwaye kunqabile ukuba bahlole itsheki eyongezelelweyo. Bakubon 'ukuba baphangwe, uninzi lwabo lwaphendula lokuba bavuya nje ukufumanisa ukuba ekugqibeleni wenziwa ukukhusela i-qujacking. Nangona kunjalo, ekuhambeni kwexesha, ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha ezenzi buthathaka, kwaye lo mlinganiso njengokuphela komthombo wokhuseleko wawungonelanga.
Ukuqinisa inkqubo yokuhlola
Kwakuyimfuneko ukuza nesigqibo esisebenzayo, kwaye ke wonke umntu wakhunjulwa malunga nokukhetha kunye nesinyithi sesinyithi kunye nesixhobo se-X-ray. Nge-17 kaJulayi, ngo-1970, isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseNew Orleans eLouisiana baba sisikhululo seenqwelomoya sokuqala esaqala ukusebenzisa izixhobo okanye izinto zesinyithi.
Ukususela nge-5 kaJanuwari, 1973, ukuvavanywa kwabantu bonke ababekhwele abakhweli kwaziswa, kwaye nganye kuye kwafuneka ihambise izixhobo zentsimbi, kunye nokubonelela ngengxowa yokuhlolwa. Emva konyaka, kamva waphuma umthetho ofanelekileyo wokhuseleko loomoya. Ukujija kwenqwelomoya kwaba yingozi kuneminyaka engama-50 eyadlulayo. Amanyathelo okhuseleko anciphise inani lolwaphulo-mthetho olunjalo, kodwa, ewe, akazange awuphephe ngokupheleleyo umngcipheko.
Ngaphaya koko "ukujija amantongomane"
Emva kwentlekele ebi kakhulu elkitywe ngo-1988, xa uhlaselo lwabanqolobi lwawa abantu abangama-270, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kumthwalo wabakhweli. Inyani yile yokuba ibhombu kwi-boeing 747 iwele iScotland yayisemithwalo, eyayidlula kwi-X-ray! Kodwa ukulunga kolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nokungakhathali kolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nokubanjwa kweenkonzo zokhuseleko kukhokelela kwintlekele.
Emva kohlaselo lwabanqolobi nge-11 kaSeptemba, ezopolitiko zeengcango ezivaliweyo kwi-ppokpiti yabaqhubi beenqwelo moya zaqalisa ukuba zenziwe ngenkuthalo, kwaye ukuvalwa kwezinto ezibukhali ngesandla esenziwe ngesandla kwakuqina. Kwaye emva kwexesha, emva kwenzame engaphumelelanga ukujongela phantsi inqwelo moya eqhumayo, izithintelo kwi-wire ye-fluid zaswa.
Amabhunga olawulo alula kakhulu ukuthintela yonke into enokuba yingozi kunokuchitha ixesha elininzi kwishekethi yonke kunye nayo yonke into. Iindiza zinokuqondwa, ngakumbi ukusukela ukongeza kukhuseleko, bafuna ukunciphisa umgca kunye nexesha lokudlulisela zonke iitsheki.
Kuhlala kukho imbambano eninzi yokonga ibhalansi phakathi kokuthotyelwa kwamanyathelo okhuseleko kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwabahambi kunye nokugcinwa kobomi babo babucala. Rhoqo, abantu banyanzelwa ukuba bahlale iiyure bekwigumbi lokulinda ngethemba lokuba baya kungeniswa elizweni, okanye babone indlela abakhula ngayo kwizinto zabo zobuqu. Inkqubo ethoba ihlazo, kodwa kwimeko enjalo akukho nto iphantse yange. Icacisiwe ikakhulu ukuba zonke ezi zenzo ziboniswa njengamanyathelo afanelekileyo okhuseleko. Kodwa sonke kufuneka sinyamezele okwenzekayo, kuba lulawulo luphela lubangela i-themocraft yeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo yezothutho emhlabeni.