UTsar Alexey Mikhailovich romanov wafumana igama lesidlaliso igama lesidlaliso, kodwa ngexesha lolawulo lwayo lwemimandla eqhubekayo yaseRussia namanye amazwe, kwaye urhulumente ngokwawo wasinda ngamaxesha anzima. Iinguqu ezininzi zinika iziphumo ezintle, kuba zichaziwe kwimfuneko enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwakungekho mveliso mngeni kakhulu, umzekelo, utshintsho lwemali. Ukunyanzelwa kwemali ukuba kunyanzelwe amandla aphezulu ngamandla afanelekileyo, ukunika i-odolo yokuvelisa iingqekembe zobhedu. Ingabonakala ngathi yonke into yayisengqiqweni, nangona kunjalo, i-Alexei Mikhailovich umbono kunye nohlengahlengiso lwayo lwajika abantu. Ithini iNgcali yemali? Kutheni le nto utshintsho lwaguquka lungaphumeleli? Wayezisele ntoni iRussia?
Imvelaphi yohlengahlengiso
Kude kube yi-1654, kukho iingqekembe zesampuli ezininzi eRussia - ipeni kunye nemali ebiyelwe kwisilivere, kunye ne-semi, i-semi, i-wine, i-semi, i-semi, i-semi, i-wine, i-semi, i-semi, i-semi, i-semi, i-wine, i-semi, i-windows ekhonzwa kuyo. Bonke babenolwimi oluncinci, kodwa kwakungekho yunithi zibalulekileyo zemali. Khawucinge nje ukuba kwakwenza ukuba kube nzima ukuthengisa. Ukuthengiselana okunzulu kuye kwaphuka kakhulu isidingo sokubala nokuphindaphinda amawaka eengqekembe. Ngokumangalisayo, kodwa kwakhona kakubi, imeko enjalo yemicimbi ichaphazele irhwebo elincinci, elalinzima ukuba liqhutywa ngenxa yokunqongophala kweengqekembe zemali etshintshwayo. Isiphumo yayikukuwohloka kwemeko yezoqoqosho yelizwe, ukuthintela ukuphuculwa koqoqosho.
I-Alexey Mikhailovich romanov, enkosi kwinani leenyawo eziphumelelayo emkhosini, zikwazile ukujoyina intsimi yaseRussia, iMalorossia kunye neqela lamazwe aseBelarusia. Kule mimandla, isampula ye-European yayihamba, ephumelele iingqekembe ze-Russia. Kwisithuba semfazwe enentetho, isidingo savelisa imfuneko yokwazisa iiyunithi ezintsha zemali, ezaziya kucelwa ngabahlobo baseYurophu. Ukongeza, izixhobo kwi-Ofisi kaNondyebo yayingaphumeleli ngenxa yeemfazwe ezinde kwaye zaphulwe elubhubhani wesibetho. Uqoqosho lwemali luyifuna inguqu, uqoqosho olufanayo noqoqosho olufanayo, kwaye yayichanekile inguqulelo enokutshintsha imeko eRussia.
Ukuphunyezwa kwenguqu yemali
Ngokutsho kwezimvo, uhlengahlengiso lwalusolula iingxaki ezifanelekileyo. Iingqekembe zobhedu zaziswa kwisibheno, nangona kunjalo, iiyunithi zangaphambili azikhethwanga kwi-gonover. Urhwebo olukhulu lufumene ithuba lokungasebenzisi kungekuphela nje imali yexabiso elincinci, elithetha ukuba ukuvela kweengqekembe ezintsha kwakuza kuchaphazeleka uqoqosho lwelizwe.
Ngo-1654, iiruble zenzelwe ukuhlawulwa ngenxa yokumkani. Kwimimiselo elandelayo, imvume yayikukuqalisa ukusukela i-filnikov, isiqingatha sezikhuselo, i-HRYVnia, i-Alyans kunye ne-Grip. Emva konyaka, imali eninzi yayinesampulu entsha, nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabemi luthintelayo ekusebenziseni lusetyenziswa kakhulu.
Iimpazamo eziphambili
Kananjalo njengokuba kunjalo kungaphawulwa, abantu babengenathemba lamandla, ezazicaphukiswa ziimpazamo ekusetyenzisweni kotshintsho.
Yayiyindawo engalunganga ngabom. Umgaqo-nkqubo wafuna intlawulo yerhafu kuphela yesilivere, ngelixa umvuzo wahlawulwa yingqekembe yobhedu. Akukho kutshintshiselwano olukhululekileyo lwemali yobhedu. Ngaphandle koku, rhoqo kuvakala iinkcazo ezingafaniyo phakathi kwemali yesampulu entsha nendala. Ngaba oku kungakholelwa ebantwini? Ewe, hayi, kwaye ke ngoko uninzi lwabantu luzamile ukuba ungasebenzisi iingqekembe zobhedu ezazixabisa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, phantsi kwesoyikiso sohlwayo, abantu bamiselwe ukuba bathathe imali yobhedu, ngelixa urhulumente ngokwakhe ukhetha isilivere.
Ukugqitywa kwemali engafunekiyo
Impembelelo ebonakalayo ekujongeni phantsi kwenguqulelo ye-Alexei Mikhailovich inemisebenzi yenyani. Imali yobhedu inokubekwa ngokukodwa, kuba bonke oomatshini babeziindlela eziqhutywa ngesandla. Ngokwe-1656, igunya elichanekileyo elikhutshwe yiRhafu yeSiko labekiwe yiRhafu ngesilivere nganye Isithathu, kwaye sisinye kwisithathu kuphela. Kwangelo xesha, luhlobo luni lwesiselo saseKabankkaya, ngenxa yempahla yasebukhosini, kwimisebenzi neerhafu, "abantu kufuneka bahlawule iingqekembe zeSilivere. Ukongeza, kwimimandla ethile, umzekelo, eSiberia, kwaye konke oko kwakungancedi ukuba kuhlawulwe kwintlawulo ye-Dani, kuba kule ndawo kwakukho ingqokelela ende. Baxatyisiwe iingqekembe zobhedu eziphezulu. Urhwebo nabantu bamanye amazwe banokusetyenziswa kobhedu. Njengombhali-mbali J. Shiks Amanqaku, imali yobhedu inokubizwa ngokuba yi "Gurection yaseKhaya", kuba zinokusetyenziswa kuphela ngaphakathi kwezangoku kwengqokelela yeengqekembe zobhedu, ukungavisisani kwabantu kube njalo Unobangela wemvukelo yobhedu efakwe eMoscow ngo-1662. Inani lezixeko ezikhulu zaseRussia nazo zachukumisa i-prolk. Urhulumente wanyanzelwa ukuba ayeke ukumiliselwa kotshintsho lwemali, ekhokelele ekungazinzini kuluntu. Imali yobhedu yarhoxiswa, kwaye ukutshintshiselana kwakukutshintshiselana iingqekembe ezili-100 kwisilivere. Eyona mpazamo iphambili yayikukuphunyezwa okungalunganga kwesicwangciso esicwangcisiweyo. Kwixa elizayo, unyana kaTsar Alexei, uPeter owokuqala ngokusesiseko kolu hlengahlengiso oluqhomfa enolwaziso, usebenzisa ezinye iindlela, kwaye iziphumo ziya kuphumelela kakhulu. Ngapha koko, iimpazamo zenguqulelo ye-Alexei Mikhailovich zibonise ukuba bathe cwaka kwiintsilelo ezilandelayo ezilungiswa kwixesha elizayo.