I-Yakuts imela abantu abaninzi baseSiberia. Namhlanje kukho abantu abamalunga nama-500 amawaka abantu ababamale kolunye ubuhlanga. Izizwe zakwaKutut zapapasha ilizwe lazo, ezisinda kwiimeko ezinzima zalo mmandla kwaye zifunde ukuphuculwa kweendawo zemveli zomntu. Okwesihlandlo sokuqala malunga nookhokho bawo okhankanywe kwinkulungwane yeXIV. Ngaphezulu, kodwa ekuqaleni ababuthonga bama-Yaks bahlala kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo, kwaye kwimfuzi yangoku abayibukeleyo kwakudala. Yayinjani ixesha elidlulileyo labantu baseSakha, yintoni eyahluzane nabo? Ubudlelwane babo kunye nezizwe ezingabamelwane kunye nokusekwa kwabantu ngokwabo zenzekile?
Yakuta - Sakha kunye ne-demigods "
Phakathi kwama-Yakuts kuxhaphake kakhulu, ukulunga kwabo abantu abadala kuyi-sakhar. Ngamanye amaxesha bazibiza ngokuba yi-Uranhai, kodwa le nto izelwe ingasetyenziswanga, igcinwe kuphela kwi-Folklore yendawo. Le ndawo ye-ethnonym iyahambelana negama elithi "Uryanhai", njengoko izizwe zakudala zaseMongoli zabizwa. Ukufana kolo hlobo lukhona kubudlelwane obude bookhokho bee-Yakuts kunye neMongol. Kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi zemvelaphi ye-yakuts. Kwaye ukuba omnye wabo usekwe kulwazi lweengcali zezinto zakudala kunye nezibakala zembali, emva koko abanye bafana neentsomi.
Ababhali beHypothesis yakudala yayizizo. Phakathi kwaba bantu, intsomi yayiqhelekile kwi-Staten ukuba abantu bokuqala behlabathi babengabameli babantu babo. Indoda yokuqala er sogotok Elii yayiyinzala yasezulwini evela ezulwini. I-Yakuts yokuqala yavela kunye nomfazi wakhe wasemhlabeni kunye ne-yakuts yokuqala yaza yavela. Okubangela umdla, ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, i-Yakuts inegama elichaza izizwe zabo. Iguqulelwe kwisihlomelo sabo, kuthetha "uDemigods". Ewe kona, ayithobeki kakhulu, kodwa ukuzinikela okunjalo kwiinkolelo zamandulo kubangela intlonelo eyongezelelweyo.
Ukuqulunqwa kwabantu
Kodwa ndicebisa ukubuyela kwisayensi esemthethweni. Uninzi lwabaphengululi bathanda ukuba izinyuko eziphambili zabantu zizizwe zaseKegyon. Babengamazwe ahlala eSiberia. Ngokudibeneyo, i-Zumkans yahlulahlulwa yangamaqhekeza amathathu, apho abantu abanxulumene nazo kwixesha elizayo. Ekuqaleni, ookhokho be-yakuts bayichithe intlambo yeYeesei, kodwa banyanzelwa ukuba baye kwindawo yeBaikal. Yintoni ebangele utshintsho? Ngokutsho kwembali v.a.StPanov, tyhala i-Kutykanov ekufuneni amazwe amatsha kunokwenzeka ukuba abantu banokubakho kwizizwe, kunye nabo babecinezelwe ngabamelwane babo.
Kwithuba lokufuduka, i-kutshans ixutywe nabantu bendawo, sisisiseko sokubonakala kohlanga olutsha - i-Yakuts. Kwinkulungwane ye-XV, i-Yakut yezizwe zisuka eTransbakalia kwi-lena Pool, i-Aldan kunye neVilyuya. Apho bahlanjululwa ngabantu bomthonyama, kodwa iinxalenye zoluntu ziyakwazi ukuzishenxisa iindebe kwaye zizuze emazweni abo.
Umsebenzi Yakuts
Kwiimeko ezinzima zemimandla yasemantla, ukwaziwa kwe-YAKuta ukwazi ukuphuhlisa ukuzala kwehashe kunye nokuzala kweenkomo. Ukufuya okukhethekileyo kweenkomo kwakune-Bred-ykutskaya-eyayilungele ubomi kwimozulu ephantsi yaseNyakatho. Kwinkulungwane ye-Xvisi, abantu bakaYakut bakwazile ukwandisa ukufuduswa kweenkomo kwiindawo zeArctic. Ngokubambisa i-gerallel, imithetho-mjikelezo eyamkelwa kwi-tuungus. Eli xesha yayilixesha le-heyday ye-YAKUT yabantu. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-Epoch yaseTatyna Darthan, umlawuli wezizwe ze-yakuts ezaziwa ngokuba ziintsomi ezininzi. Ingabizwa ngokuba liqhawe lesizwe lesizwe. I-Akademik A.P.OBLADKIKOV kwincwadi yakhe ethi "Imbali ka-Yakutaia" ubhala:
Yakutia eRussia
Ukususela ngo-1623, ukuphuculwa kwe-yakutaia iqala. Eyokuqala kule mmandla ivele i-cossocks poskery posland, yehla ngokuhamba kukaLena. Ngo-1632, uPeter Beketov wasekwa kwidolophu yokuqala yaseYakutia, i-Lensky Ostrog. Ukusukela ngeli xesha, umhlaba wamaYakts waba yinxalenye yeRussia. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba amandla ee-Russia ze-yakuts yamkelekile. I-Yakutsky Ostrog (Lowo wabizwa ngokuba yi-Lensky) ngo-1634 wangqingwa ngokuthintelwa kwabahlali bendawo. I-Yakuts yayifuna ukukhupha i-cossacks, kodwa ukuhlaselwa kwabo kwakubonakalisiwe. Kwixa elizayo, ukuxhathisa kuyaqhubeka, kwaye ezinye zee-yakuts zanyanzelwa ukuba zibuyele kwiindawo ezikwanti. Ifanele iqwalaselwe ukuba amandla ee-Romatia eYakutia azise utshintsho olubi kunye nokophula amalungelo abantu bendawo. Ukusasazeka kobuKristu kuye kwanegalelo ekuphakamiseni inqanaba lemfundo kunye nophuhliso lweembono zemfundo phakathi kweYakute. Abantu baseRussia baseYakuta bamkela imigaqo yezolimo, eyaqala ukuyisebenzisa ngempumelelo kumazwe abo. Iindawo zokuhlala ezinkulu nezixeko zaqala ukuvela, ukuphuculwa kwayo kwakusekwe kurhwebo ngokusisigxina kunye namaRussia.
Amaxesha amatsha e-Yakuts
Ukuphuhliswa kwamashishini anokubakho kwe-yakutia iwela kwixesha leSoviet. Ngeminyaka yee-1920, ukuphuculwa kweedipozithi ze-Altai kuqala. Indima ebalulekileyo kubomi bukaYokalia yadlalwa nguLwandle lweTiksi, enkosi apho iitreyi zokuhambisa zaqala ukubopha imimandla efikelela kwinkulungwane. Embindini wenkulungwane edluleyo ivulwe nguYakuta, enike uphuhliso lomzi mveliso wokuvelisa idayimane. Ngo-1991, umhlaba waseYakut wabhengezwa yiRiphabhlikhi yaseSakha (yakutia). Ngelo xesha, inguqu kwimigaqo yentengiso yentengiso yenzekile, amashishini abucala abucala, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobuniniwayo unanamhlanje.
Imbali ye-Yakuts ivula amaphepha anzima kwikamva lesizwe. Iqhayiya neluqhubekayo uSayi yafunda ukumelana neemvavanyo ezahlukeneyo - ukusuka kwi-whims yezinto kuhlaselo lwezizwe ezingabamelwane. Bakholelwa ukuba amaxesha aqaqambileyo kubo agcina ikamva, nangona kunjalo, kwaye akufuneki ulibale malunga nexesha elidlulileyo. "Ngaba ihashe liya kuba yingubo; Kuya kubakho isitshetshe, akukho ngxaki, "utsho u-Yakut. Kwaye ngale ngxelo ayinakuphikiswa.