Impamvu ari ngombwa kuganira ku myitwarire ya Lewis Carroll hamwe n '"inshuti-inshuti"
Ku ya 27 Mutarama 1832, Charles Lutviode Dodzhson, uzwi cyane ku isi yose munsi ya Caurdonym Carroll.
Yari umuhanga mu mibare, Porofeseri Oxford, wa filozofiya, umudiyakoni, umufotozi. Kandi Umwanditsi wibitabo by'imigani yerekeye Alice muri Wonderland na Alice muri Zasitoricale - Inkuru y'umukobwa wananiwe gusohoka mu 1864 kandi kuva icyo gihe byacapishijwe imikirisiri mu ndimi zitandukanye.
Igice kinini cy'umugani kivuga kuri Alice, kuko cyemejwe, cyagaragaye ku ya 4 Nyakanga 1862 mu rugendo. Kuri uwo munsi, Carroll yagendanaga n'incuti ye, ya filolog na Visi-Chancellor Henry muri kaminuza ya Oxford Shedsell na batatu mu bakobwa be - icyo gihe yari afite imyaka 8, 13. Kugira ngo umwambaro, umwanditsi Iburyo kuri icyo gihe cyatangiye guhimba inkuru zerekeye ibintu bya Alice (byitwa umukobwa wo hagati wa Liddel). Ibi byatanye ibice, byahise byashizeho ishingiro ryigitabo cya mbere kijyanye no guhindura intwari muri Wonderland.
Abashakashatsi benshi bemeza ko kuba igitabo cyakusanyirijwe mu nyandiko, kandi nticyagumye mu nkuru nk'izi z'amatara - igitangaza nyacyo. Mu 1864, Carroll, by the way, yatanze inyandiko yandikishijwe intoki kugirango yibuke iyo Alice. Na we, na we agira icyo akenera nyuma y'urupfu rw'umugabo we, mu myaka ya za 1920 yagurishije intoki muri cyamunara.
"Alice muri Wonderland" rwose ni intambwe mu bitabo by'abana.Inteko, gakondo iramenyekana muriyi generi, yaguye hano. Igikorwa cyari gishimishije kandi kidashoboka guhanura aho ahineti a Alice Alice ahintarre azahurira munzira zabo - ingofero yumusazi, santa-itinyutse, injangwe ya Cheshire.
Igitabo nticyagufasha gusobanura hafi y'urufunguzo urwo arirwo rwose - kandi nk'inkubi y'umunyamateka yo mu Bwongereza, kandi mu rwego rwo gukoresha ibintu bya psychotropique, kandi nka encyclopedia ya neurosia (by encyclopedia of Neurose (by encyclopedia of Neurose (by encyclopedia of Neurose (by encyclopedia of Neurose Inkono yitiriwe rwose, ifitanye isano no guhindura imyumvire yurupapuro rwumubiri we).
Cyangwa nk'ibarura ry'abakobwa bakiri bato - inshuti nyinshi z'abana, yagerageje kuzenguruka mu buzima bwe bwose, nk'umwami uzwi wa Pop umuziki wa PP "senland".
"Mu kamba keza cyane uhereye ibihe byose bishoboka"Nibyo, bamwe muri aba bakobwa Carolla, ahubwo, bari basanzwe bari ingimbi. Ariko ariko, yakundaga kumarana umwanya umwe muri societe yibanze muri uru rubyiruko, yababwiye yishimiye kubabwira amateka, yabashotora cyane.
Archives yarokotse amafoto agera ku 3.000 - Ntabwo agezeho cyane kumuntu ugezweho ufite smartphone, ahubwo ni nini - kuko nyakubahwa yavutse mu 1832. Umuntu atekereza ko ibyo byose byari kera - kugirango yerekane pedofilia Carrophia muri iki gihe, ariko kubaka ibimenyetso gusa mumafoto yabakobwa bambaye ubusa - gukora amashusho (amwe, ndetse bigaragazwa nkibimenyetso biri muri iyi film BBC, yahindutse kuba umwanditsi wa nyuma yundi mufoto).
Umuntu akomeje gutsimbarara ko abakobwa batakiri bato, bityo nta cyaha kibi cyane mu cyifuzo cye cyo kubana nabo. Ibyo tuzi byose - ko Carroll uko azenguruka parike yakunze kuvugana n'ababyeyi be n'imiryango ifite abakobwa, hanyuma mbone ibitekerezo bya bakobwa, no kubyara ibitekerezo bikomeye rwose - kurangiza iyi "resin-ubu "Kurambura abana impano yerekeye Alice. Hanyuma akomeza kwandikirana n'ababyeyi b'abakobwa. Abaza niba ashobora gufata ifoto y'abana "mumyenda myiza cyane mubihe bishoboka" - ibyo byambaye ubusa.
Abunganira umwanditsi kandi hano barashobora kuvuga - Hari ikindi gihe, amashusho yabana bambaye ubusa yafatwaga nk'umwe n'inzirakarengane, yigana mu binyamakuru no ku manza, nta cyashonje mu bikorwa by'agafarasi. Ariko gusoma amaso agezweho icyifuzo cyababyeyi "umukobwa-nshuti" aracyari ishyamba.
Carroll yapfuye mu 1898, yari afite imyaka 65, yagumye ari ingaragu. Twatandukanye n'ubuzima bwe burenze ijana na makumyabiri, kandi birambuye birambuye ku mibereho ye, birashoboka cyane, ntizigera isobanurwa. Ntabwo bishoboka ko tumenya impamvu bamwe mubabyeyi ba Alice Luddken babujije umwanditsi gusura urugo rwabo (bakurikije umwe mu bashumba, yakoraga rwose, ariko iyi verisiyo ntabwo yemejwe na bamwe Inyandiko za Diary). Ntabwo tuzigera tumenya neza icyo iki cyizere cyimodoka yambukirazi kandi byabaye mubyukuri mugihe yakoraga amafoto.
Kubantu ibyo byose byibimenyetso bitaziguye, bizaba bihagije kuvuga: Ntabwo nzigera nsoma "Alice muri Wonderland" cyangwa "Alice mumazi" kubana be. Ariko birashobora kuba bisa nintambara yo kurwanya umuyaga, igitabo cyamaze guseswa cyane mumico izwi cyane ko ubumenyi buzwi budashobora guhagarikwa nuyungurura. Kurwanya ni ubusa. Alice, hamwe n'injangwe ya Cheshire, ihora isabwa mu gitabo iboneka mu ifoto yimyambarire hamwe na Natalia Vodyanova, kandi udafite icyayi cy'abasazi, kandi utari ufite icyayi cy'abasazi, kandi icyifuzo cyo kunywa "igikombe"?
Kuki ari ngombwa?Ariko nubwo byaba bigoye gute kuvuga imyitwarire idasanzwe ya Carroll cyane hamwe nabana, twizera ibyo dukeneye kuvuga kubintu nkibi. Ntabwo ari ukubera ko tubishaka kumunsi wamavuko witonze mu isanduku.
Niba wemera abashakashatsi, gukurura imibonano mpuzabitsina kubana bahura nabyo hafi yijana numugabo ukuze wo mwisi. Kubwamahirwe, iyi "miterere" ntishobora gusubirwamo, irashobora gukurikiranwa gusa. Kandi mugihe turi nka societe, ntituzafata tabos muriyi ngingo kandi ntituzabona gahunda idasanzwe yo gufasha aba bantu kutaba abagizi ba nabi, ntituzashobora kwiringira umutekano w'abana bacu.
Nibyo, mubushobozi bwacu bwo kwigisha abakobwa n'abahungu "amategeko y'imbere" (by the, imbaraga zo guteza imbere iyi gahunda yakiriwe nyuma y'ubucuruzi bw'Ubwongereza bwakiriwe nyuma y'ubucuruzi bw'Ubwongereza - bumaze gupfa Yunamye kubikorwa byimibonano mpuzabitsina abana barenga ijana). Turashobora kwigisha abana guhamagara ibitsina byabo, kudakoresha euphemism ko ntawe uzabyumva. Turashobora kwizera abana bacu iyo bavuga ko imyitwarire yabakuze ibareba, nubwo aba bakuze, nkuko bigaragara muri Carrofer, umwarimu wubahwa Oxford.
Dukurikije imibare, izo ngamba zishobora gukiza abana ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina - ariko umuntu mukuru arashobora gukomera. Kubwibyo, uburyo bwo gukumira bugomba kugaragara muri societe, bizahagarika biteye ubwoba. Injangwe ya Cheshire ntizashonga mu kirere ubwayo, niba tubitekerezaho.
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