Ngombono wakhe ezinkambisweni ezibalulekile ezizonqunywa ukuvela komhlaba komkhakha wotshalomali kanye nomkhakha wezezimali, ama-maxim seanjier abiwe nge "Invest-Forest" - uchwepheshe wamazwe omhlaba - ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwezinqubo zebhizinisi emalini kanye izinkomba zebhange lezimali. Uthole iziqu ze-Moscow Physics and Technology Institute ngezinga elithile kwi-Mathematics, manje uMaxim Saveleiv ubesebenza ePhiladelphia (USA) e-Donnelley Financia Solutions, ethatha isikhundla sokuhola ekuphathweni kwengozi yesoftware kanye nokuhambisana nezidingo zokulawula. Izinqumo ngokuzenzakalela kokubika imali yokutshala imali. Phambilini, iMaxim ibinesibopho sokuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo yokutshala imali kumakhasimende ezithakazelo zamabhizinisi amakhulu, okulawulwa kanye nokwanda kokusebenza kwamaqembu asebenzayo eSenberbank CIB (Moscow, Russia) . Njengomsebenzi woMnyango Wezokuxhumana eDeloitte CIS (eMoscow, eRussia), waqashelwa ochungechungeni lwamaphrojekthi wokuguqula amabhizinisi wotshalomali olukhulu kakhulu kanye namabhange athengiswayo aseMpumalanga Yurophu.
- Kuthiwani, eqinisweni, oqhubeka nanamuhla "ekuthuthukisweni okuthuthukile" kwezezimali emkhakheni wezimali kanye nezezimali? Yimiphi imikhiqizo emisha eyethulwa? Automation Yiziphi izinqubo zebhizinisi eFinssfer namuhla esiqongweni semfashini?
- Ubuchwepheshe bedijithali shintsha ukubukeka kwazo zonke izimboni, ukuphoqa amabhizinisi ukuze usebenze ngendlela entsha. Umkhakha wezezimali ungaphezu kwabanye, uvulekele ukwethulwa kokuqamba. Kwakuwukuvuleka kwalokhu okudale izimo ezinhle hhayi ukukhulisa inzuzo yezikhungo zezezimali, kodwa nasekuqubukeni komkhakha omusha wobuchwepheshe bezezimali (Fintech). Ukuncintisana ngempumelelo kulo mkhakha, izinkampani zidinga nje ukuthuthukisa kanye nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukile.
Kunezikhathi lapho emkhakheni wezinsizakalo zezezimali "kubuse amabhange amakhulu okutshalwa kwezimali. Kunzima kakhulu ngabo ukuncintisana nabamele "isizukulwane seFintech", kugxile ekunikezeni imikhiqizo nezinsizakalo ezithile zezezimali.
Namuhla, ngisho nenkampani encane yenkampani inganikeza amakhasimende izindlela ezintsha zokuphatha ezezimali nezinkokhelo, kanye nokunikeza ithuba lokuhlelela ukuthengiselana ngokwezezimali, ukwenqaba abalamuli.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, yize izinkampani ze-Fintech ziye enyangeni kubadlali bendabuko bomkhakha wezezimali wokutshala imali, ngenxa yalokho, labo nabanye baqala ukusebenzisana ngenkuthalo. Ngenxa yokubambisana nezinkampani ezintsha, amabhange okutshala imali angahle akwenze kahle izinqubo zebhizinisi. Isidingo sezixazululo zesoftware yokuqoqa kanye nedatha ye-analytics iyakhula. Isibonelo, i-Scrood Scrub inikeza ipulatifomu yokwandisa ukulungiswa nokutholwa kokutholwa. Isixazululo sikuvumela ukuthi uqoqe ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi uhlaziye imininingwane ehlukahlukene yezinkampani, amalungu angaba khona we-M & A-Traction. Ngenxa yohlelo lokusebenza lwayo, amabhange okutshala imali angathola abathengi abangaba khona ngokushesha.
Ukubambisana okunjalo kuyazuzisa kanye nabamele imikhakha ye-Fintech abangasebenzisa isipiliyoni kanye nemikhawulo emikhulu yedatha eqongelelwe izinhlangano zokutshala imali ukuthuthukisa ibhizinisi labo. Ngenxa yokubambisana okunjalo, ngokwesibonelo, kwakungukuvela kwezixazululo zesigaba sasebhange njengensizakalo (yasebhange-a-a-service), ukuvumela abadlali ukuthi baxhumane nezinhlelo zebhange nge-API kanye nezinsizakalo. Ukusetshenziswa okuthembekile futhi okuhlobene nazo zonke izidingo zokulawula zengqalasizinda ye-IT yebhange kuqeda izinkampani ezintsha kusuka kwisidingo sokuthola ilayisense lasebhange futhi unqobe ezinye izinto ezihlelekile. Ukwethulwa kwamapulatifomu anjalo kunenzuzo emabhange, ngoba kuleli cala izinkampani ze-Fintech zisebenza njengamakhasimende, hhayi abaqhudelana.
Ngokuqondene nobuchwepheshe obufunwa kakhulu emkhakheni wezezimali kanye nomkhakha wezezimali, kungaba khona i-blockchain kanye ne-intelligence yokufakelwa (AI). Ngezinhlangano zezezimali emhlabeni wonke, ukwethulwa kweBlockchain sekucishe kube yindawo. Lezi zibuchwepheshe azikufanelekeli kangcono ukwengeza izindleko zokuthenga (ngenxa yokulahlwa kwabalamuli) futhi baqinisekise ukuphepha kokuthengiselana kwezezimali (ngenxa yokubonakala kwazo zonke izenzo ku-block chain). Iphuzu lesibili liyasebenza ikakhulukazi, ngoba izinkampani zomkhakha wezimali zihlala "zingakabonakali 'kokubona' kwabangeneleli. Kepha uma ijubane lokuqalisa le-blockchain kancane kancane linciphisa, ukusetshenziswa kwe-II technologies kusenakuthola umfutho.
Ukubamba ukuthola umphumela omkhulu wezomnotho, izinhlangano zezimali zitshala imali ngokuzithandela e-AI, naphezu kokuthethelwa okuhlobene nobuchwepheshe. Izikhombisi-ndlela eziphambili lapho ubuhlakani bokufakelwa buye baba khona kakhulu ukusakazwa kwamakhasimende nokulwa nenkohliso. Ama-chat bots asevele akwazi ukuphatha izicelo eziningi zamakhasimende, futhi ama-algorithms amaningi ayakwazi ukukhomba imisebenzi engenziwa ngenkohliso futhi azise amakhasimende ngawo. Isixazululo sale misebenzi emibili kuphela eqinisekisa ukonga okukhulu kwezinsizakusebenza zezezimali.
Ngizothi yonke imikhondo efakwe kuhlu ifaneleka ukutshala imali emhlabeni jikelele nakwaseRussia kanye nemikhakha yezezimali.
- Yiziphi izindlela eziphambili emkhakheni we-B2B emkhakheni wezezimali wembulunga yonke?
- Ubhubhane futhi olubangelwa ukukhiya kwakhe ngezindlela eziningi ezinqunyelwe engxenyeni yebhizinisi. I-Main One ifaka: Ukusheshisa ukuthengiswa kokuthengisa ku- "sibalo", okwandisa iqhaza lamathuba okuzenzela, ukuguqulwa kusuka emihlanganweni yomuntu siqu kanye nezingxoxo zocingo ekuxhumaneni nge-inthanethi. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinkampani eziningi ziyaqiniseka ukuthi izinguquko eziningi ezakhele lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "okungokoqobo" kuzoqhubeka ngokuzayo. Uma ukusebenzisana komthengisi okukuqala kwe-inthanethi neklayenti kubangele ukungabaza, manje abaningi babona ukusebenza kwayo okuphezulu. Ngizobona ukulungela ukuthenga okukhulu engxenyeni ye-B2B.
- Kungenzeka yini ukusho ukuthi ingxenye ye-B2B ihamba ngendlela efanayo lapho ingxenye ye-B2C yaqala ukuba khona phambi kwakhe?
- Yebo, kancane kancane i-B2B ihlangana nge-B2C: Abantu balinde ukuthi kuzo zonke izindawo zebhizinisi kanye nempilo yansuku zonke bazothola okuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo kwamakhasimende. Kulokhu, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokuhlangenwe nakho kokuxhumana kwe-inthanethi. Ungakhohlwa ngendima eyandayo ye-Millenialov. Labo abaye bajwayela ukuthenga ku-Amazon noma i-AliExpress kusukela ebuntwaneni, bazokhetha imodeli enjalo yokusetshenziswa kanye nasebhizinisini. Ukudlulisa izinzuzo ze-B2C kwingxenye yebhizinisi, abahlinzeki kufanele banikeze amakhasimende amandla okusesha, ukuhlolwa kanye nokuqhathanisa kwezimpahla nezinsizakalo. Izinsizakalo eziqinisekisayo ezisuselwa ezilinganisweni zobungcweti kanye nokukhunjulwa kwabasebenzisi bangempela kungafunwa lapha. Ukuqaliswa kwesu lokuthengisa ukuvumela ukuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule isheke elijwayelekile. Akubalulekile kangako ukuthi abathengi banamuhla bakwazi ukuthola ulwazi oluningi ngomkhiqizo noma insizakalo ekufinyeleleni okuvulekile, kanye naso sibona ngeso lengqondo (uma kungenzeka).
Ozimele benguquko yedijithali- Ngubani odlala indima ebalulekile ekuguqulweni kwedijithali kwezinkampani zezezimali? Ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwakho, ingabe umkhakha wezezimali unabasebenzi abadingekayo kanye nesipiliyoni noma ngempumelelo ukuheha ochwepheshe bangaphandle kubo? Ingabe kukhona "ama-Elite" Okomhlaba "ochwepheshe benguquko yedijithali?
- Njengomthetho, izinhlangano ziphatha ukuguqulwa kwedijithali ngokwazo, njengoba ziqonda ukuthi izinqubo zebhizinisi zangaphakathi zihlelwe kanjani, yimiphi imiphumela okufanele itholakale ngokuguqulwa kwedijithali, okuba yimithombo yalokhu, kubandakanya nezezimali.
Kepha ukuthathwa kwezinguquko kungaqhamuka ngaphandle, ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni zezinkampani ezinjengeMcKinsey, iqembu lokubonisana, iBain, eDeloitte, e-Ermg, erstst & Young and Piroterhousecoopers. Yikho lokho okungabalwa kwabalite emkhakheni wenguquko yedijithali. Ukuhlolwa kwezinhlangano zokubonisana kwamazwe omhlaba jikelele zibanzi kakhulu kunanoma yisiphi isidlali semikhakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banokuhlangenwe nakho ekusebenziseni amaphrojekthi amaningi emhlabeni jikelele kanye nekhono lokuxhuma imiyalo evela kwezinye izifunda uma kungekho ochwepheshe abenele ehhovisi leMoscow elinezimo zaseMoscow. Ukuheha abeluleki bangaphandle kuvulela ukufinyelela emikhakheni yezwe engcono kakhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngikholwa ukuthi ochwepheshe bangaphandle bangasiza ekuthuthukiseni isu ledijithali lokuqaliswa kwebhizinisi elizosebenza ngalo ngokuzimela. Le ndlela isebenza kakhulu futhi isuka endaweni yezomnotho.
- Wena ngokwakho waba uchwepheshe ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kahle kwebhizinisi kanye nenguquko yedijithali?
- Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwemine, bengingumeluleki we-deloitte ocwaningweni nokusebenza kahle kwezikhungo zezezimali, kufaka phakathi amabhange okutshala imali kanye nezindawo zokuthengisa. Ngalesi sikhathi ngangibambe iqhaza kumaphrojekthi wamabhange asemqoka naseRussia. Lokhu kwenze ukuthi kwenzeke ukuthola okuhlangenwe nakho nokuqonda okujulile kokuthi uhlelo lwebhange eRussia nasezweni lonke, njengoba kwakhiwa izinqubo zebhizinisi zomkhakha wezezimali. Ngemuva kwalokho ngasebenza ekwakhiweni kwemali yaseSenberbank, lapho wathola khona ithuba lokujulisa ulwazi lwakhe, futhi wabona nokuthi zisebenza kanjani izinqumo ezizosebenza.
- Yisiphi esihlangenwe nakho esitholwe eRussia esephenduke inzuzo yakho yokuncintisana e-USA?
- Uma ufuna umsebenzi ezifundeni, inzuzo yami esemqoka ibilokhu inolwazi enkampanini yokubonisana yamazwe omhlaba. Umqashi kusuka noma kuphi emhlabeni kusobala ukuthi isipiliyoni sesisebenzi esinodokotela wasemuva siguqulwa kalula. Inzuzo yesibili engicabanga ngayo imfundo. I-Moscow Institute of Physics neTekhnoloji, engaphothula iziqu, inedumela njengeyunivesithi eqinile yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuqashelwa kwamazwe omhlaba endaweni yemvelo. Ngokuvamile, isipiliyoni enginaso ngesikhathi sokuthuthela e-United States sasiqondakala futhi sifunwa.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ngifuna ukuqaphela ukuthi umsebenzi osebhange laseRussia wangivumela ukuba ngibheke izinkinga zohlelo lwezezimali lomhlaba wonke. Nami, ngaphetha ngokuthi isipiliyoni sezinkampani zaseRussia sinobuciko futhi ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kwezimo zemakethe yaseMelika.
- Yimaphi amakhono okuncintisana namakhono adingekayo ukuguqula izikhungo zezezimali? Yibuphi ochwepheshe okufanele babheke amabhange aseRussia kanye nezimali zokutshala imali? Futhi ukubatholaphi?
- Ukuguqulwa kwezikhungo zezezimali kungabangelwa ngumsebenzi wephrojekthi ojwayelekile, onquma bobabili abasebenzi ababhekele ukuguqulwa kwedijithali. Kufanele bakwazi ukuhlela ukuhamba komsebenzi, ukusungula ukuxhumana phakathi kwawo wonke amadivayisi athintekayo. Kudingeka futhi baqonde izinhlangothi zobuchwepheshe zephrojekthi ezingeni elifanayo. Kepha into ebaluleke kakhulu yikhono lokubona isithombe silonke, ngaphandle kokukhokhela isisombululo semisebenzi yamanje. Ngokubona kwami, abasebenzi bezinkampani zokubonisana, abaphathi bephrojekthi balungele ngokuphelele iqhaza lendima yalolo ngqimba. Lokho wukuthi, labo abanolwazi ekuhleleni nasekuphatheni inqubo, futhi banazo izimakethe kanye nolwazi oluhlukahlukene lwemakethe. Ungasesha ongoti abanjalo phakathi kwabathola iziqu zamanyuvesi aphezulu wezobuchwepheshe.
I-Russia ne-USA: Kuze kube manje- Ochwepheshe baseRussia abangathola isipiliyoni e-United States, baba yiziqondisi ezintsha zezinkampani zezimali zaseRussia? Yini phesheya kwazo phesheya ingaba usizo kakhulu?
- Inzuzo eyinhloko yalabo ongoti okuhlangenwe nakho kokusebenza ezimakethe zomhlaba. Izinkampani eziningi zaseMelika ekuqaleni azithatheleki emakethe yasekhaya kuphela, kanti ibhizinisi lasekhaya lilolwa kakhulu eRussia, elisemazweni ama-CIS. Umbono womhlaba wonke ukhombisa ukuphathwa kwezinqubo kwizinga elisha ngokuyisisekelo, linikeza ukufinyelela ezimakethe ezintsha kanye nokulinganisa umkhiqizo. Ukusuka endaweni yokubukwa kokuphathwa kwenqubo futhi abantu e-United States bahlobana kakhulu nokwakha isiko lebhizinisi, ekugcineni okwandisa ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi. Uma ugxila engxenyeni yezezimali, i-United States isebenza njengomlawuli wamazwe omhlaba, ngoba izidingo zamanye amazwe alungiswa. Ulwazi lokuthi izinqubo zohlelo lwezezimali zaseMelika zilusizo ngempela.
- Ingabe izinkampani zomkhakha wezimali zaseRussia ezivela entshonalanga emkhakheni wenguquko yedijithali?
- Ngokutholakala kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwemikhiqizo yedijithali kanye nezinsizakalo, iRussia iphakeme kakhulu e-United States. Lokhu kuyabonakala ikakhulukazi emkhakheni webhange, izitolo nezinkokhelo. Isibonelo, ezifundeni ze-intrababilik - namanje kungathatha izinsuku eziningana. Izinkokhelo ezingenakuxhumana azitholanga ukusatshalaliswa kweMisa. Ezitolo eziningi akunakwenzeka ukukhokha ngezinhlelo ze-gooppay ne-applepay. I-New York Metropolitan eminyakeni embalwa edlule, yaqala ukuguqulwa kokukhokha okungenamsebenzi; Yasheshisa le nqubo kuphela ngokuqala kobhubhane.
I-lag ebalulekile yezinkampani zaseRussia ezivela eMelika zibonwa kukho konke okuhambisana nokwakhiwa kwesipiliyoni seklayenti. Yize kungenzeki ukusho ukuthi lokhu kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokuguqulwa kwedijithali. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi kungenzeka ukuxazulula noma yimuphi umbuzo noma ukhansele inkokhelo esolisayo ngocingo ebaluleke kakhulu kunokusebenziseka lula nokutholakala kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula.
Kunomsebenzi onjalo - Umphathi Womkhiqizo- Yini umehluko emsebenzini wokuphathwa komkhiqizo e-USA naseRussia?
- Kuhle ukuqaphela ukungezwani kwamasiko nomehluko ezindaweni zokwakha ezezokuxhumana. E-Russia, umphakathi owengeziwe onamakhanda okulula ukuthola ulimi olujwayelekile. Kunzima kakhulu kulokhu ezifundeni, ngoba iqembu lingaba ngumhlaba wonke futhi lifaka phakathi abantu abanebhayisekili ehluke kakhulu. Lokhu kungahle kube yi-PLUS kusuka endaweni yokubuka ukuthola imibono emisha nokushintshana ngesipiliyoni, kepha kuhlanganisa nokwakha ukuxhumana kwangaphakathi. Ngokuvamile, umgomo oyinhloko wokwakha iqembu ukuxhumana okuhle kanye nendlela, lokhu kungaba ngaphansi kwengxenye yomuntu siqu, kepha wonke amalungu eqembu azizwa ekhululekile.
- I-PRODER Manager ishintsha kanjani namuhla?
- Inani longcweti onjalo liyakhuphuka ngenxa yokuthi izimo zamanje zishintsha ngokushesha: amabakaki wemenenja yokukhiqiza amanga anomthwalo wemfanelo wokuzivumelanisa nabo. Izimfanelo zobuholi nokuzibandakanya okungokomzwelo kuqala. Ekukhanyeni kweqiniso lokuthi namuhla amaqembu amaningi asebenza kwimodi ekude, umsebenzi wemenenja ukuze ulondoloze ukugqugquzelwa, okugxilwe kulowo kanye kanye nezinga eliphakeme lazo zonke izibambiso. Kwenze kube nzima kakhulu.
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