Ekwenzeni izindlela zokuphepha zaseRussia ezamukelwe yizinkantolo zomhlaba wonke, konke kushintsha eminyakeni emithathu, kwathi eminyakeni eyi-15 - akukho lutho. Kepha ngokungafani nalesi sisho esishaywe, eminyakeni engama-20 konke konke kushintsha futhi, futhi kabili.
Okudumile manje manje, isilinganiso samukelwa yiNkantolo Yamalungelo Abantu YaseYurophu kwisikhalazo sika-Alexei Navalny, isidingo sokukhipha ezombusazwe ngenxa yokusongela impilo yakhe. Usongo lwempilo luyisimo sakudala lapho i-ECHR iphendula ngokushesha. Ezimweni zokuxoshwa noma okukhishwe esimweni lapho umenzi wesicelo esongelwa ngokuhlukumeza noma isigwebo sentambo, noma lapho enqaba ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okubalulekile, kwesinye isikhathi izixazululo zokwenqaba, ngezinye izikhathi izixazululo zidinga ukulinda i-NO eyodwa, ingaphendula ngendaba yamahora ayishumi.
Ngenxa yomhlangano ngamalungelo abantuUmthethonqubo 39 Imithetho ka-ECHR imvumela ukuba "akhombise" amaqembu, yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe ngaphambi kokuphela kokucatshangelwa kwecala. Ngempela, isinqumo senkantolo sizoba wusizo ngokwengeziwe uma umfakisicelo engeke axoshwe futhi ahlukunyezwe ngaphandle kwamazwe afakwe emkhandlwini weYurophu kunalokho, ngemuva kokuxoshwa, ummangalelwa uzoba ngamavila ephendula abameli be-ECHR, okuyi Silungele ukukhokha isinxephezelo, kepha akazi ukuthi umfakisicelo usekuphi manje. Kusukela ngo-2005, u-ECHR uguquguquka ngokungaguquki ukuthi izindlela zayo zokuphepha ziyimpoqo - ngenxa yomhlangano waseYurophu ngamalungelo abantu, anqabela izifundazwe ukuthi ziphazamise ilungelo lesikhalazo somuntu ngamunye kuStrasbourg.
Ubani onenhlanhla futhi othile wayenenhlanhlaNgo-2002, iNkantolo YaseYurophu yabonisa iziphathimandla zokukhipha i-Central Bank yalesi sizwe iMurad Garabayev eTurkmenistan, ngoba ayengasongela ukuhlukunyezwa. Ukukhishwa nokho kwenzeke, kepha izindlela zokuphepha ezivela eStrasbourg zazisekuncane, futhi iziphathimandla zaseRussia zathola ukubuyela komenzi wesicelo eRussia. Akekho noyedwa owayenenhlanhla.
Ngokuzibandakanya kwezinsizakalo ezikhethekile zamazwe aseCentral Asia futhi, ngezinqumo ezigcwele ezingenakugweba izicelo zabafakizicelo ezingama-39, kwakhipha izindiza zakusihlwa ezivela eDodedovo eTodoDedovo. insimu yendiza kanye nomugqa wokugcina wendiza. INkantolo YaseYurophu yagxeka iRussia ngenxa yokuziphatha okunjalo, iziphathimandla zaseRussia kanye nezinkantolo bezinganakwa ngenkani. Into eyodwa lapho okwedlule kwakhanselwa khona ngenxa yokusongelwa kokuhlukunyezwa, lapho kwakukhona amakhemikhali ambalwa, lapho iNkantolo Ephakeme yaqala indilela lezi zingxabano, nangemva kwesinqumo esingesihle sesinqumo se-ECHR ngokwesiko. Izicelo ngalesi sikhathi zathola iminyaka eminingi ejele ngemuva kokuhlushwa futhi zaya emajele angenakufinyeleleka ka-Uzbekistan naseTajikistan. Ukungagcwaliseki kwezixazululo ze-ECHR Ngokusho komthetho 39 kuye kwaba ngomunye wezinkinga ezihleliwe yiNkantolo YaseYurophu ngokuhambisana namalungelo abantu eRussia.
Izama inkantolo yedolobha laseMoscow ukuthi ichaze ukuthi kungani u-Alexei Navalny akufanele akhishwe - akunakuqhathaniswa futhi kube yi-clumsy. Kunjalo encazelweni yenkantolo yedolobha laseMoscow, iqiniso lokuthi i-ECHR akuyona igunya eliphakeme maqondana nezinkantolo zaseRussia. Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi izindlela zakhe zokuphepha zincishwa izinkantolo zaseRussia zamandla noma azibhekiswe kuzo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukuhambisana nomhlangano wase-Europe on amalungelo abantu kuyisibopho sayo yonke imizimba yombuso, akukho okuhlukile kwemikhumbi. Uma isilinganiso sibhekiswe kwiziphathimandla zombuso, kubhekiswe kuzo zonke iziphathimandla zayo, kanye nokwephula umthetho kwanoma yimuphi umthetho wombuso - kufaka phakathi, inkantolo yaseRussia inomthwalo ezingeni lamazwe omhlaba.
"Ngo-2021, lokhu kungahle kubonakale kuyinto emangazayo, kepha iqiniso: akekho noyedwa osusele okujwayelekile ukuthi izivumelwano zomhlaba wonke ziyingxenye yomthetho waseRussia, ngakho-ke izinyathelo zenkantolo yaseRussia azinakwa. "Ekugcineni, ukuphikisana kwenkantolo yedolobha laseMoscow ukuthi isinqumo se-ECHR ngokubusa kwemithetho yayo engama-39 ukudluliswa kwesimo somzimba omkhulu (ikomidi labafundisi), okuthiwa livela eNkantolo YaseYurophu, kuhulumeni, hhayi imikhumbi , ngakho-ke abafundile kangaka ukuthi ukube bengisemisebenzini yami emfushane yokufundisa impendulo enjalo wanikeza umfundi, ukuhlolwa okungagculisi bekuzobe kungenamibandela. IKomidi Labafundisi kanye ne-ECHR liyimizimba ehlukene yoMkhandlu WaseYurophu ngokuqanjwa kanye nemisebenzi ehlukile, kuyacaca ku-Charter of the Enhlangano, futhi kusukela e-European Convention. Ikomidi labafundisi kwesinye isikhathi liyamukeli bezaziso zokuphoqelelwa uma i-ECHR ithatha kunesidingo, kepha hhayi ngomthumeli wombhali. Ulwazi ngolimi lwesiNgisi lufingqa iJaji leMoscow: Uhulumeni yiyona yonke intengo yeziphathimandla, hhayi nje ukuthi ongqongqoshe babuthene eKrasnopresnenskaya embankment ngaphansi kwesibonakaliso "uHulumeni weRussia Federation".
Okushintshile eminyakeni emithathuIningi labo bonke abasenkantolo yamanje leNkantolo yaseMoscow City benesisa iqiniso lokuthi eminyakeni emithathu edlule umzimba ofanayo waqonda izimiso ezifanayo ngokuhlukile - kwesokudla. Endabeni yokuxoshwa kwentatheli "uNovaya Gazeta", Ali Feruza kuya e-Uzbekistan, lapho ayengasongela khona icala lobungqingili bakhe, iqembu labameli bakhe bathola isinqumo sokuxoshwa eNkantolo yaseYurophu yamalungelo abantu. Kwenzekile esikhathini esifushane phakathi kwesinqumo seNkantolo Yesifunda saseBasmanny waseMoscow kanye nokucatshangelwa kwezikhalazo enkantolo yedolobha laseMoscow. Lesi sakudala samisa ukwenziwa kwesimemezelo sokudingiswa, kwathi amabili nesigamu sekhasi, ukuthi kubalulekile kanjani ukufeza izindlela zokuphepha ze-ECHR. Kulombhalo sithola:
- Ukubaluleka kokuhambisana nezindlela zokuphepha - ukuze kuvunyelwe amajaji weStrasbourg ukuthi acabangele ngokucophelela leli cala nokuthi isinqumo sabo senziwe ngempumelelo;
- Izixhumanisi esinqumweni se-ECHR esimweni se-savriddin juraev vs. Russia - mayelana nenkinga yohlelo yokungagcwalisi izinyathelo zesikhashana;
- Ukusetshenziswa kokucaciswa kweNkantolo Ephakeme yaseRussia.
Ayikho imithetho esebenzayo yomthetho waseRussia nowamazwe omhlaba engakashintshi iminyaka emithathu, u-Alexei Navalny akabi kubi kune-Ali Feruz, kepha inkantolo yedolobha laseMoscow yaphenduka ama-degree angama-180 ngaphandle kwezizathu ezisobala zomthetho.
Kumele ngithi, izindlela zokuphepha zezinye izinkantolo zamazwe omhlaba zigcwaliseka yiziphathimandla zeRussia Federation ziba yiqhaza kakhulu. Inkantolo yamazwe omhlaba wonke yokuhlangana e-Ukraine ibhekene ne-Russia iye yavimbela ukushushiswa kwama-majlis ama-tatar ama-crimean - kanye noshushiso ngemuva kokuqashelwa kwe-majlis eyesisekelo (okwamanje) akunjalo. Le Tribunal ukuze Maritime Amalungelo yafuna ukukhulula Arctic Sunrise nemikhumbi lempi Ukraine nge nabasebenza: ukubuya imikhumbi kanye nabasebenza kwenzeke, nakuba sekwephuzile futhi, yebo, ngaphandle beqaphela ukuthi iziphathimandla ukufeza isibopho umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe.
Azikho izithiyo ezingokomthetho zokwenziwa kwezinyathelo zesikhashana kwezinkantolo zomhlaba wonke, kufaka phakathi i-ECHR. Nazi nje ama-steamers, hhayi abantu, inhlanhla ngokusebenza ngaphezulu.
Isicelo sokungqubuzana kwenzaloUmbhali omelwe ezinkantolo zaseRussia futhi (noma) eNkantolo YaseYurophu Yamalungelo Abantu Ali Feruza, uNariman Jergelov, Yusup Kasymakhunova. Akukho lutho kule kholamu olususelwa kulwazi lwangaphakathi.
Umbono womlobi kungenzeka angahambisani nesikhundla se-vetimes Edition.