Ngubani ongathatha umhlalaphansi ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngo-2021: Uhlu oluphelele lwabazuzi

Ilungelo lempesheni lakuqala lihlotshaniswa nokufezekiswa kobudala obuthile, isipiliyoni, imisebenzi yobungcweti, inani lezingane zezingane ezincike ekuncikeni, kanye nenani lemali yempesheni.

Ngo-350-ззз "ngezenzo ezithile zezenzo zomthetho zeRussia Federation kuma-aphoyintimenti kanye nezinkokhelo zempesheni" ziqukethe izigaba ezingaphezu kuka-30 zezakhamizi ezinelungelo lokufaka umhlalaphansi ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ngokusho kukaRosstat, ngaleso sikhathi ngoSepthemba 2020, abantu baseRussia abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-2.3 bathatha umhlalaphansi obude beminyaka. Ngubani ongathatha umhlalaphansi ekuqaleni kuka-2021, angitshele izinto zethu.

Ngubani futhi onelungelo lempesheni yokuqala ngo-2021

1. Izakhamizi ezinolwazi olude: iminyaka engama-37 - yabesifazane kanye neminyaka engama-42 - kwabesilisa, bangathatha umhlalaphansi iminyaka emibili ngaphambi kweminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, abesifazane bazothatha umhlalaphansi hhayi ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-55, kwathi abesilisa baneminyaka engama-60. Ilungelo lempesheni lakuqala linqunywa kuphela esikhathini sabasebenzi sesakhamuzi. Inkonzo ebuthweni lempi, ikhefu lokubeletha alinakwa, isikhathi sokubalwa kwemali eCZN, ukunakekela umuntu osekhulile noma umuntu okhubazekile. Sigcizelela ukuthi lokhu okuhlukile kuphathelene nempesheni yokuqala. Lapho unquma impesheni ngezizathu ezijwayelekile, lezi zikhathi zibalwa nangolwazi.
2. Abasebenzi bokukhiqizwa okuyingozi nokulimazayo. Isigaba esinjalo sifaka abavukuzi, izindwangu, ukuvuna kwamahlathi, izimoto ze-w / d noma amakamelo we-boiler, abashayeli bezithuthi zomphakathi, abashayeli bendawo, abashayeli bamazwe ezindaweni zasemakhaya nakwabanye. Ukulungiswa komhlalaphansi kwabasebenzi babasebenzi abalimazayo futhi okuyingozi kuncike ohlotsheni lomsebenzi, kanye nesipiliyoni sokuqashwa. Ezinye izigaba zezakhamizi zingafinyelela impesheni yakuqala eminyakeni engama-45-50.
3. Odokotela, abasebenzi abahamba ngezinyawo, abaculi nabo bangaya empesheni yokuqala. Kubo, ikhefu liqokwa ukufeza izinsizakalo zokushayela ezidingekayo - isipiliyoni esikhethekile. Isipiliyoni esincane salo mkhakha wabasebenzi sisuka eminyakeni engama-25 kuye kwengama-30. Amathuba okuthatha umhlalaphansi asungulwa kucatshangelwa iminyaka yobudala yokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngo-2021: 56,5 - iminyaka yabesifazane kanye nengu-61.5 - Kwabesilisa. Ngokuya ngeminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi, inhloso yempesheni ihlehlisiwe kusukela ngesikhathi sokufeza isipiliyoni esikhethekile esidingekayo. Uma odokotela, abaculi nothisha bahlakulele okuhlangenwe nakho kwalo nyaka, impesheni izoqokwa ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu - ngo-2024.
4. Omama abakhulu bangathatha umhlalaphansi iminyaka emithathu ngaphambili, uma benyusa izingane ezintathu. Ukuthatha umhlalaphansi ekuqaleni kweminyaka emine, owesifazane angakwazi, uma ephakamisa izingane ezine. Kulonyaka, abesifazane abanezingane ezintathu bangathatha umhlalaphansi eneminyaka engama-57 ubudala, abane - ngo-56. Uma owesifazane ebeletha noma athathe izingane ezineminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, angaya eholidini eminyakeni engama-50 . Kubalulekile ukuthi ngasikhathi sinye owesifazane kufanele asebenze iminyaka eyi-15 yomshuwalense futhi anamaphuzu wempesheni okungenani angama-30.
5. Omunye wabazali bengane ekhubazekile angaya empeshenini yokuqala. Indoda kulokhu ingaya eholidini elifanelekile eminyakeni engama-55, nowesifazane eminyakeni engama-50.
6. Izakhamizi zeminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi zingathatha umhlalaphansi ngaphambili uma zingakwazi ukusebenza. Impesheni kuleli cala kuqokwa iminyaka emibili ngaphambi kokuba iminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Ngo-2021, iminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi yabesifazane iyiminyaka engama-56,5 nengu-61.5 yamadoda. Isibonelo, ilungelo lokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngaphambi kwesikhathi selifushanise abasebenzi bokukhuluma kwangaphambi kokusho, uma benolwazi oludingekayo kanye nama-coefficients, ngaphambi kokuhlala kwahlala iminyaka emibili. Ukuqokwa kwezimangalo zempesheni kuleli cala i-CZN uma isakhamuzi sine-akhawunti.
7. Eminyakeni emihlanu ngaphambili, izakhamizi zaseNyakatho Ekude zingathatha umhlalaphansi. Kubo, okuhlangenwe nakho okuncane kuneminyaka engu-15 ubudala. Kwabahlali bezifunda ezilinganiselwe enyakatho eyedlulele, okuhlangenwe nakho okudingekile kuyiminyaka engama-20.

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Kungani kungenqaba izimpesheni zakuqala

Ngonyaka owedlule, ngokuqokwa kwezimpesheni zakuqala, zenqaba amaphesenti ayisithupha enani eliphelele labafakizicelo. Phakathi kwezizathu eziyinhloko zokwenqaba okuphawuliwe:

• Ukuntuleka kwezizathu zempesheni yokuqala emthethweni;
• Amarekhodi angenakuqhathaniswa, ajuluka nokunyathelisa encwadini yokuqashwa;
• umsebenzi ongekho emthethweni;
• isihloko esingalungile sesikhundla;
• ukuntuleka kwemibhalo yokuqinisekisa;
• Ukulahlekelwa yidatha ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukile: Izinhlekelele zemvelo, ukwehla kwezingobo zomlando, umlilo ebhizinisini;
• Imininingwane engalungile noma enganele eyisakhamuzi sabasebenzi kanye nokunye.

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Noma kunjalo, ungahlala uqoqa amadokhumenti okuqinisekisa ebhizinisini lakho, ngokwesibonelo:

• Izitifiketi ezivela kubaqashi bakudala;
• Ama-oda wokuhlanganiswa kwesisebenzi emhlanganweni othile, uzungu noma imishini;
• izitatimende zamaholo;
• Isicelo esivela kumlando mayelana nokungabikho kwedatha nokunye.

Ukubalwa kanye nemithetho yokuqinisekisa yesipiliyoni kuchazwa ngesimemezelo sikahulumeni weRussia Federation of Julayi 24, 2002 No. 555.

Lapho ukuyofuna impesheni yangasese

Ukuqokwa kwezimpesheni zakuqala, kuyadingeka ukuxhumana nokwahlukaniswa kwezwe kwesikhwama sempesheni seRussia Federation. Uma unezinkinga eziphikisanayo, ngokwesibonelo, isikhundla esinganembile sikhonjisiwe futhi okuhlangenwe nakho okukhethekile akunakwa, ungahlala uyixazulula inkinga ngochwepheshe we-FIU. Ukuze wenze lokhu, nikeza amadokhumenti okuqinisekisa esikhwameni sempesheni. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ungaxazulula impikiswano enkantolo.