Kwinqaku elithi "Semyon Kozak -trigda Hero" Ndabhala ukuba abantu babini banika iinkwenkwezi ezimbini zegolide zeSoviet Union - i-Ivan Kozthevatsin. OKO KUFUNDILEYO KWAKHONA NOKUZIPHATHA NGABANTU ABAVIYO-bathi andazi nto, "ixhoba leqanda", "fundisa umdlalo". Ngapha koko, babebathathu kubo. Kwakhona, i-marshal yeSoviet Union Shumyon Mikhailovich veki nganye. Ndiguquka, ndithetha ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ndandisazi malunga neBhnuny, kodwa ngengqondo andifuni ukukhankanya-ndimhlonela kakhulu. Kwaye ndiyakholelwa ukuba zonke iinkwenkwezi zayo zeqhawe zayo zikrokrela. Bonke "unyaka", amabhaso ozukisayo ngomhla wokuzalwa. Inkwenkwezi yokuqala yegorha yanikwa ngo-1953 ngokunxulumene nesikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-75, yesibini ngo-1963 ukuya kwisikhumbuzo sama-80, owesithathu ngo-1958 ukuya kwisikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-85. Wazijonga kwaye ukholelwa ukuba isihloko segorha singumvuzo ophezulu kwaye sinika ilandela ukuxhaphaka okuthile kwaye kungabikho xx ... -Tar. Oku kuqhelekile kwisihloko kwaye kufanelekile ukuba yintlokoma.
Kodwa ngenxa yombulelo kubahlalutyi, kukho isihloko - ukuxela ngamabhaso ahlonidiwe kunye nemiqondiso yomahluko, kunye nenkonzo ende. Okokuqala ngqa, i-mpecress Catherine II ikwankulu. Kwakuyimfuneko nokukhuthaza abantu kwintsalela yexesha elide yemisebenzi yaseburhulumenteni. Ngayo, imiqondiso ye-odolo yasemkhosini ye-St. George IV yanikwa iminyaka engama-25 kwinkonzo yasentsimini kunye nephulo lephulo eli-18 (iinyanga ezintandathu "ze" Ubuncinci ukuthatha inxaxheba komlo omnye. Kodwa le meko yakroba umlo wokulwa kwaye yahlulahlula kakhulu kweSt. George, ngoko nikolai 1 wazisa elinye imbasa-nye yomehluko ", okhalaza kubasebenzi benkonzo yamatyala kunye Nabafazi.
IAlexander II irhoxisiwe i-George yenkonzo ende, kodwa yaqala ukuvuza iodolo ye-St. Vladimir, abasebenzi bakarhulumente ababeneminyaka engaphezu kwe-35 eklasini.
Ukuqhelisela kokukhuthaza abemi ukuba basebenze ixesha elide kunye nenkonzo ibolekwe kwinkqubo yePrimiyamu yeSoviet. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1930s. Inkxaso yomhlala-phantsi yoPhakathi yamiselwa kwiingcali kubantu abasebenza kulo. Kunye nembasa yokuqala yesikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-20 yomkhosi obomvu (iminyaka engama-20 yomkhosi osebenzayo kunye nomkhosi obomvu osebenzayo) wayengowokuqala ukwazi umahluko wenkonzo (iminyaka engama-20 yomkhosi we-24 kaJanuwari , 1938. Ekuqaleni yayingacwangciswa njengeembasa zokukhumbula, kodwa njengokuhamba ngembasa kwinkonzo eneminyaka engama-20 emkhosini. Ukunikezelwa kwe-Mureal akwenziwanga kuphela ngokomgaqo-siseko wesikhumbuzo, kodwa uqhubeke kwiminyaka elandelayo.
Ngexesha lemfazwe yentrafe enkulu, amabhaso asemkhosini obomvu wenziwa ngenxa yokwahlukana emkhosini, nangona abameli beSoviet Union S. M. NE-N. I-SIPOPYHIKOV NGOKUGQIBELA I-ADEN Ngo-1944 kwacaca ukuba imfazwe yayikufuphi nokugqitywa kwempumelelo. Ngeli xesha, uninzi lwabasebenzi basemkhosini babefumana, ababengenakukwenza. I-Colonel-Jikelele uPhilip Golikov wayithatha le ngxaki iqatha. Kuyavela ukuba amagosa alwa kumgca wangaphambili, imihla ebekiweyo yenkonzo kwisikhundla incitshisiwe kakhulu. Ngelixa amagosa asebenza kwinkonzo kumasebe okuqina, okanye masithi, kwi-Minibe yaseSiberia-Hayi. Amagosa e-Ratmat phambi kokufumana isihloko esikhulu sentloko, kwakuyimfuneko ukuxhomekeka kumakhonkco kaKapteni ubuncinci iinyanga ezintathu. Kwaye iidraw zabelwa isihloko esinjalo kuphela iminyaka emine kuphela. Ewe, okungekho sikweni 'okugqwethekileyo kufanele ukuba kupheliswe. Kwaye abasebenzi be-tar ye-tar ye-tar bangqengqeleka ngenzondelelo kwiiNPO zoonobumba kunye nokungaziwa ngento abaziva ngayo, nangona "bengazenzi imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu."
I-golikov ilungiselele ingxelo eqatshelwe ukuba i-204 gests ayinawo amabhaso kwaphela. Isikrelemnqa siguqulelwa kulwimi oludlangalala, oko kwakuthetha ukuba abantu abangama-204 bamiswe kwinqanaba lemikhosi eliphezulu, akukho mfuneko iphambili phambi kwelizwe abanayo. Endaweni yokujongana nendlela abantu abawele ngayo kwizithuba eziphezulu, kwagqitywa ekubeni kuqalise amagosa enkonzo iminyaka.
I-golikov inikezwe umvuzo: Kwiminyaka eli-10 - i-odolo "umqondiso weholo"; Kwiminyaka eli-15-iodolo "inkanyezi ebomvu"; Iminyaka engama-20-iodolo yebhendi ebomvu; Kwiminyaka engama-25-iodolo kaLenin. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-odolo yeLenin yayiyeyona ntlawulo iphezulu ye-USSR. Umzekelo, banikwa amagorha eSoviet Union ngaxeshanye kunye nengcaciso "yenkanyezi yenkanyezi yenkanyezi.
I-golikov ivumile. Ukutshintshwa kokutshintshwa komyalelo wophawu lweholo kwi-metrituri. Amabhaso aqhutywa nge-1 kaMeyi nangoNovemba 7. Xa umbhaso onikezelweyo ngoNovemba 7, ngo-1944, amaphephandaba eSoviet akazange apapashe uluhlu olupheleleyo lokunikezelwa. I-Coloren-gelly kunye neMarshals kuyo yayilikhulu.
Kungekudala la malungelo yabelwa kwimikhosi yangaphakathi kunye neMGB. Ngoku uMthengisi, owoyisile iminyaka engama-25 kwithemba le-MOSCOW, ngewayesebenzisana ngokupheleleyo nembasa ephezulu yelizwe esifubeni sakhe.
Emva kwemfazwe, ukusasazwa kwe-waananaly ye-waawana yokwenyani bekujijekile. Saqala ukuvuza bonke ngokulandelelana, kubafundisi-ntsapho kubasebenzi beshishini lokuloba. Emkhosini wexesha le-1944-1957, 2,477,422 ee-odolo zenkonzo ende zasasazwa. Kwezinye izinto- ezinye ii-odolo ezi-1,12 624. Yintoni, eyathi, ukunciphisa ixabiso lemiyalelo efunyenwe emfazweni. Ke ngoko, phakathi kweFrontovkov, iodolo yayixabiseke kakhulu, engawela kuluhlu lwabo babelwa kwinkonzo. Kwaye bona ngokwabo baqalisa ukuba bebethe ngceli bebizwa ngokuba "kumanyano lwabasebenzi".
Ukongeza, ukususela nge-1 kaJanuwari, ngo-1948, ngokwemvelo "kwisicelo sabasebenzi" sihlawule intlawulo yemali "kwii-odolo kunye neembasa kunye nokuhamba simahla. Inyani-yaziwayo: Kathathu iqhawe leSoviet Union yeTashkin, eyayityholwa ngaloo nto "isicelo", kwenye yeentlanganiso zomgca ongaphambili kwaye yaphosa iitamatisi.
Ixabiso lemiyalelo yokulwa iqalile, umzekelo, i-odolo yebheji ebomvu (enye ye-odolo ye-odolo ehlonelayo) yenkonzo ende inikwe amaxesha angama-300. Ke ngoko, ngo-1957, kwagqitywa kwelokuba ayeke ii-odolo ezinomvuzo kunye nembasa "yokufuna imikhosi" yenkonzo ende. Ngokutshintshiselana, ngalinye lamasebe amathathu anamandla (Inkonzo yase-USSR yase-Interf, i-USSR yeMicimbi yeMicimbi yangaphakathi kunye neKomiti Yezokhuseleko ye-USSR) ye-United Janu 25, 1958 yaseka iMedical yesebe ".
I-megali ehlonelwayo ekhethekileyo ayisebenzi. Abasebenzi ngokwabo babedla ngokumbiza ngokuba "ngenkonzo engaphumelelanga" okanye "uSandy", umbongo ohlekisayo uyaziwa:
Nakwisifuba sakhe esinamandla sakhe
Ukuqaqamba imiqolo emininzi
Imbasa enye ixhonywe kwiqela,
Kunye nenkonzo yonyaka.
Kodwa ukanti, kubaphathi abaphezulu bemkile i-lazekek-ngokunxulumene neminyaka, wanikwa ii-odolo eziphezulu. Emva koko isihloko seqhawe. Kwaye ukuze abantu bangabi giggles kwaye bengazange baqale i-joke eqalile kakhulu - iMarshal Vororilov. Kwaye kuthekani ngomphathi wembali-hayi iqhawe. Ngo-1956, bancama isikhumbuzo se-75, emva koko, ngo-1968 ngokunxulumene nesikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-50 somkhosi oxhobileyo we-USSR. Kwangelo xesha wanikwa kwaye umhlobo wakhe uMarshal Budninny. Emva koko wahamba. Ngokutsho kwe-Budnun-fetmet track, i-Leonid Brezhnev yaba kathathu iqhawe. Ngokomgaqo-nkqubo ongekhoyo, amalungu enkcubeko kunye nonobhala we-CC, njengomgaqo, bafumana inkwenkwezi yokuqala yegorha yeSoviet Union okanye iqhawe lesikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-60.
Ibali elingazange lenzeka kwi-Konstantin Chernenko. Ngowama-60, akasekeki iposti efanelekileyo. Kwiminyaka engama-65 ukuya kwengama-70 ubudala kwaye engama-70 ubudala yafumana iinkwenkwezi ezimbini zegorha lenkqubo yenkobe, kunye neyesithathu - ukuya "kwi-73 yesikhumbuzo. Kwakukho iinkxalabo ezinzulu kangangeentsuku ezingama-75 zokuzalwa, wayengayi kuphila (njengoko esenza kamva), kodwa ukuze angcwabe isahluko sepati kunye nombuso "zitotali" ezimbini zegolide ezifunyenwe zingafanelekanga.
Namhlanje, isenzo sokunikezelwa kweyona ndawo iphakamileyo yezifundo iyaqhubeka. Ngendlela, semyon mikhailovicvices ngokwakhe, ngeveki aziyixabisanga ngokwenene iinkwenkwezi zako. Eyona nto iqhayisa ngamaqhinga amane e-george (ibhakelo epheleleyo) ifunyenwe kwiintsuku zolutsha olunesaqhwithi. Ifunyenwe ngenene ngenxa ye-feds yokwenyani.