Mordva lisithoba phakathi kwabantu baseRussia, uninzi lwabameli balo bahlala kwiRiphabliki yaseMorordedovia. Izithethe ze-morder kufuneka zithathwe kuthathelwa ingqalelo ngokwahlula abantu kwii-engnos ezimbini ze-subnical - amasiko eRlobanen and Mukyon.
Izinto ezininzi zenkcubeko yezi zizwana ziyafana, kodwa kukho umahluko obonakalayo oboniswayo ngokuxhomekeke kumhlaba wezizwe ezikufutshane. Izithethe ze-muzzle zinxibelelana ngokusondeleyo nezithethe zaseRussia, kuba iminyaka emininzi ezi zizwana zidibene ngokusondeleyo kwaye ziphembelela omnye komnye, kodwa zikhona izinto zantlandlolo. Yintoni inkcubeko yaseMordovia?
Mordva - Imoksha kunye ne-erzzya
Abantu baseMordovia bangumgcini wembali etyebileyo nelifa lenkcubeko. Ukuba ukwahlukana phakathi kweMoksha kunye ne-Erzzya kwakubonakala kakhulu, namhlanje ihlala ivakaliswa kuphela yimiqondiso yangaphandle. Uluhlu lwemehlo elinobumnyama kunye nobumnyama kwi-erbulelo, kunye neflowi - eMoksanam.
Isinxibo sesizwe sidlale indima ebalulekileyo kwindima endala ebomini besizwe ngasinye. I-Moksshanok yenziwa ukunxiba iinkqutyana ezibanzi kunye nehempe, eyayiboshwe esinqeni.
Kodwa i-erziang babhinqileyo ihempe emide efana nengubo. I-erbane yabasetyhini e-Erzzya ihotele iipateni, zifana kakhulu i-kokoshniki, kodwa i-moksha inokwenzeka kwifanitshala ye-turbans.
Izithethe zomtshato
Kwanakwixesha lethu, abantu baseMordovia basebenzisa amasiko amadala. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ebomini bomtshato ngumtshato. Kwiinkulungwane ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, umtshato wenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo: ukushiya okanye ukuzilungiselela, udonga.
Inketho yokuqala yayifanelekile ukuba abameli bezentlalo abasezantsi, abahlwempuzekileyo, ababengenakukwazi ukuhlawula iindleko zeholide. Inguqulelo yesibini ye-muzzle yayiqhelekile. Wayecinga ukuba enze izithethe ezibalulekileyo, ukuhamba kolokiweyo, uthethathethwano lokuqala phakathi kwezihlobo zexesha elizayo.
Ngomtshato, uMtshakazi wayefanele ukupasa isiko lokucoca. Ibizwa ngokuba yi "bimen yokuhlamba". Kwi-MORDVA, amanzi ayenamadoda angcwele angcwele, awayegciniwe kumaxesha obuhedeni ukuya kuthi ga kumhla wethu. Phambi komtshato, uMtshakazi wayefanele ukuba acociwe izono zakhe, aziswele amandla azisamileyo, ezinokuza kuye.
Akukho siko lingabalulekanga kangako "lingaphezulu kwe-porridge." Udwelise kwizalamane zaseKashi (ngamanye amaxesha watshintshwa iikeyiki). Ukuza, umtshakazi uxokile kwaye waqalisa ukukhalaza ngekamva lakhe. Ewe, yayiyinto enyanzelekileyo yokuqeqeshwa, nokuba le ntombazana yayijonge phambili kwimini yemibhinqo kwaye yayithandana nomyeni wakhe.
Kwiintsuku zakudala, ukukhululwa okunjalo kunokuqhubeka malunga neveki, kwaye kamva kwancitshiswa kwiintsuku ezininzi. Namhlanje, isiko elifanayo lesiko elingenakwenzeka ukuba liye labona, nangona kunjalo, abahambi bathi isiko losuku olunye lwezikhalazo kunye nokukhala lisagcinwa kwiilali zokucoca. Ekugqityweni kwawo, uMtshakazi unika eyona nto intle yakhe i-ring okanye iribhoni yeribhoni. Isipho esinjalo sifanekisela i-farewell kwintombi enyulu.
Inxalenye yokugqibela kwaye uninzi lwenxalenye yomtshato lulimala umtshakazi. Kweli siko, umama ochetyiweyo notata womyeni kunye ne-omed (umntu omele ukhulule inqwelo) ibandakanyekile. Into ebangela umdla kukuba, umtshato ebusweni lulwakhiwo olunzima apho kukho "uluhlu" lwayo.
Iholide Mordvoy
Kwikhalenda yaseMordovian, uninzi lweeholide ezahlukileyo, kodwa uninzi lwazo lunxulunyaniswa namaxesha kunye nonqulo lwendalo. Ebusika, baqala ukulungiselela iholide "roshtovan kudo". Akanabo ii-analogues ngexesha lethu, nangona kunjalo, ulutsha Mordva unento enkulu. Wayehamba neengoma, imidaniso, imidlalo, kunye nezithethe "zemilingo", ezinye zazo zazinomsindo omkhulu.
Kwakhona kwisiko laseMordovia, sifunda i-razkin yeholide, ngexesha lolwandiso oluhle kakhulu luphawulwe kukuthi, kwaye namhlanje baguqukele kumnyhadala wohlanga. Ukufika kobuKristu kusenziwa amasiko, kodwa akuzange kube mncinci. Enye yeeholide ezithandekayo yayikuku "calyenaban-chi", ezazibanjelwa kwiKrisimesi yeKrisimesi uEva kwaye yayiyinto yomntwana waseRussia wemikhosi.
Abantu baseMordovia bakholelwa ukuba namhlanje kukuzalwa kwelanga elitsha, ngokuthe ngcembe kufumana amandla kwaye kubonakala esibhakabhakeni. Ngokuhlwa, ngorhatya lweholide, abantwana bahlanganisana ngokwamaqela kwaye badlula kwiintendelezo. Benza amajoni abalusizi, kwaye baphathwa ngobodwa ngepipi kunye nezinye iilekese.
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba uninzi lwabameli baseMordva namhlanje ngamaKristu, iinkolelo zabahedeni zeenkolelo zookhokho abakude zibizwa ngezithethe zabo. Umzekelo, entwasahlobo, i-Ista yeMoksha no-Erangan yenza izipho kumfi kunye no-Eriana, kunye nokucela imimoya yabameli yabo ukuthumela isivuno sobubele kunye nokuba yintsapho.
Ekwindla kwicandelo laseMordovia, unokubona amaqela amaninzi angenakuthelekiswa nawo. Ikwanxulunyaniswa nezilwanyana zabahedeni. Ngeentsuku zakudala, abantu baseMordovia banqula uThixo ukuzala kukaNorovava. Waziswa isonka kunye netyuwa yayo phambi kwentsimi, yashiya iindlela ezininzi zengqolowa okanye iRye, eyayithathwa njengesipho esivela kuThixo.
MORDVA - abantu abaqaqambileyo nabangafaniyo, abaneqhayiya ngenkcubeko kunye nembali yabo. Izithethe zobuso zibonisa impembelelo yezipuni zaseRussia kunye nezinye izinto ezingabamelwane, kwaye ezinye iimpawu ze-Erziang kunye neMoks Inkcubeko yahlukile kakhulu.
Abantu baseMordovia ngabantu bakususela kwixesha elide, ngentlonelo ngomhlaba wemvelo, indalo, iziko lakudala kunye nezithethe. Ngaphandle koku, sazi kancinci ngenkcubeko yenkcubeko, kwaye ke kufanelekile ukuba siqhubeke siyifunda, kuba ngalo lonke ixesha ifunyenwe intsha.