Izazinzulu ezivela kwiCambi, iYunivesithi yaseWageningen kunye neZiko loPhando likaZari, kunye noMbhali oPhezulu we-Lena Durose Science, apho izinto ezichaphazela khona kwijenali ye-Pestance, apho izinto ezichaphazela khona i-PeSEITAL Science, apho zisasazwa i-Scoops eZambia ziqwalaselwa.
Izinto zabo ezifunyenwe zizisa iindaba ezinomdla kwiinkqubo zebhayoloji, kuba iziphumo zibonisa amandla okukhula kweentshaba zasekhaya ze-conn of cerigaid (i-stuclum scus). Kwaye ke, kukho iindlela ezikhuselekileyo nezisebenzayo zokulwa izinambuzane abanokuzisebenzisa kwizityalo zabo.
Iindidi zamanye amazwe ezihlaselayo zihlala zifika kwindawo entsha ngaphandle kweentshaba zendalo zasekhaya kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukusanda ngokukhululekileyo, ukudala ingozi kumafama ahluphekayo kumazwe anengeniso ephantsi nangaphantsi.
I-CORDEARE COOP, i-Pest Presses yeZityalo, ehlala eMantla naseMzantsi Melika, ifike e-Afrika ngo-2016 kwaye ngenxa yokuba ezinye zelizwe kwilizwekazi liphela. Umzekelo, amafama e-Corn alahlekiswe umndilili wama-26.6% kwi-Ghana kunye ne-35% eZambia ngenxa yesi sifuno.
Kungenxa yoko le nto ukuqonda kwe-biocontrol kubalulekile. Kule nto, iqela labaphandi eliphantsi kobunkokeli beCayi bebanjwe umsebenzi ukuze kuchongwe i-parasitoids yasekhaya ehlasela "isifuba sasekwindla" eZambia. Bakroba amaqanda kunye ne-larvae scoops ngexesha lomjikelo we-Corn ngexesha lemvula ngo-2018 ukuya ku-2009 kwizindawo ezine eLusaka nakwiphondo laseZambia ukufumana amabala.
Lilonke, i-4373 le-mivae kunye namaqanda ali-162 aqokelelwa. Kwindawo nganye nangomhla wokuqokelelwa, amaxabiso okuqokelelwa kwabhalwa, inani lezityalo ezingqiniweyo kunye nenani lomonakalo ochaza ukuba zeziphi izinto ezichaza inkangeleko yendalo. Izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa ukuba ngokubanzi inqanaba le-parasism evela kwiintshaba zendalo zasekhaya kwindawo nganye iyahluka ukusuka kwi-8.45% ukuya kwi-33.11%.
Bachonge iintlobo ezili-12 ezahlukeneyo zeparasitoids kunye nezinto ezichaphazela imbonakalo yeparasitoids. Ngenxa yoko, iinkalo eziphambili ezi-4 zabelwe:
- Indawo yentsimi
- Inqanaba lokukhula kwengqolowa,
- Ukuxinana kwencasa
- Inqanaba le-lichwankus.
Ukufunyanwa okungalindelekanga kwakutshintsho kwi-parasitoids ngexesha lomjikelo wokukhula kwengqolo. Ngexesha lokugqibela lokuphelisa i-corn ivuthwa (amagqabi ali-11-12, ishiya kwaye inyibilika), zombini ukwenzeka kunye nenani leparasitoid.
Isifundo sibonisa ukubaluleka kokuqonda izinto zendawo nexesha ngenxa yokusekwa kweentshaba zendalo zalapha ekhaya. Kuyinyani ngokusetyenziswa kolawulo lwebhayoloji kunye nophuhliso lweendlela zexesha elifanelekileyo zokulwa amanqanaba okwenza izinambuzane ukuze kunyuswe izinto zeparasitide kunye nokuhamba kwabo kwiindawo zokusebenza zezolimo e-Afrika.
Uphando olulandelayo ngoku luyafuneka ukufumanisa uhlobo oluchanekileyo lweparadiitide, umzekelo, ukuchongwa kweMolecroula kunye ne-morphological, nangona kunjalo, inyathelo lokuqala kunye neliyinto ebalulekileyo kwi-chines eyingozi esongela ikamva labalimi baseAfrika.
(Umthombo kunye nefoto: Iindaba.Agropaged.com).