Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuveliswa kweetapile eIndiya kunyuke kakhulu, nto leyo yenza ukuba ibe yimakethi yesibini enkulu yeetapile emhlabeni. Ukongeza, inani lamashishini angenayo kunye neemveliso zeetapile likhula kunye nemfuno yeentlobo ezithile.
Iinzame zokuzala ekuvunyelwene ngazo kwezinto zepatati kwiZiko loPhando lwePotato (i-CPPI) ikhokelele ekudalweni kweentlobo zeetapile ezingama-65, kwaye kumabakala angama-23 aphantsi kwendawo epheleleyo ye-India.
Kula mahluko angama-65 afunyanwayo angama-33 abanokungamelanga uqoqosho lwahlukileyo kunye noxinzelelo lokufundela, kunye neendidi ezi-8 zilungele ukuqhubekeka kwemizi mveliso.
Ngapha koko, zonke ezi ntlobo zeetapile zahlulahlulwe zangamaqela amathathu okuqhuma: kwangoko, phakathi nokufika kade.
Ibango leentlobo zeetapile ezintsha ezinesivuno esinelisayo kunye neempawu zetekhnoloji ezenzelwe ukuqhubekeka kwii-chips kunye ne-french fries zokwanelisa zombini iimfuno zekhaya kunye neemfuno zentengiso yokuthumela ngaphandle kunye neemfuno zemarike yokuthumela ngaphandle.
Ngaphambili, eIndiya, iitapile zasetyenziswa ikakhulu njengemifuno emitsha, kwaye uninzi lwesityalo luye lwaluza kusetyenziswa ngaphakathi, ukusetyenziswa kweetapile zetafile yi-fries french fries (30 %), I-chips (12%).
Ukulungiswa kweetapile kwakungaphuhliswanga ngokupheleleyo de kwaba yi-1990s, emva koko kwakuqala ukulungiswa kwemibutho elungelelanisiweyo kunye nabadlali bendawo, ishishini laya kubonakalisa ukukhula okukhula kwiminyaka eli-10. Okwangoku, phantse i-7.5% yeetapile.
Ngeli xesha, abafuyi bayaqhubeka nokusebenza ekudalani iintlobo ezintsha zeetapile eziphezulu zezaphulelo.
Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba uchonge i-potato genotypes ngeempawu ezihlangabezana rhoqo kwintengiso kunye neemeko zemveliso. Eyona nto iphambili, ukukhetha iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ngokwezi mpawu zilandelayo: Ukulungelelaniswa komhla omfutshane, ixesha lomoya oqhelekileyo, isantya se-phytophlluoroOroorosis kunye nesantya esicothayo.
Ukuhlolwa kweetapile ze-genotypes ngempawu eziphuculweyo zetekhnoloji kunye nokuziqhelanisa kakhulu kubalulekile kuzo zonke iziqendu zemizi-mveliso yeetapile. Okwangoku, izazinzulu zaseIndiya ziye zavavanywa nge-genotypes ezingama-21 ze-genototypes zokufumana izivungu eziphakamileyo zentengiso kunye neempawu eziphuculweyo zomzimba.
(Umthombo: www.mdpi.com).