"Ngo-Matshi 16, 2021, umthetho oyilwayo worhulumente weRussian Federation" kwizivumelwano phakathi kwabasemagunyeni kunye nemibutho yezoqoqosho ukunciphisa kwaye kugcinwe amaxabiso kwingxoxo yoluntu yeMithetho kaRhulumente .
Kum, ngakumbi, kucetywa egameni losihlalo woRhulumente weRoma Federation M.V. I-mithostina iya kulungisa imiyalelo kwiCandelo loMphathiswa wezoLimo kunye nokuRhweba kweRussia i-Russian Federation Ukugqiba kwelokuba inciphise kwaye igcine amaxabiso de kube nge-1 kaJulayi 2021.
Abavelisi bechumisi basekhaya baphinde bathanda ukugxininisa ingqalelo yokuba imakethi yaseRussia ibe yeyona nto iphambili. Izichumisi zivela kwimarike yasekhaya kunalo naliphi na elinye ilizwe lehlabathi. Kule minyaka mi-5 idlulileyo, ii-Agrives zaseRussia zezomografi zikhulise ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi ezinesiqingatha. Ibango lezigidi zezifama ezibhengezwe yiMphathiswa zezoLimo ezibhengezwe yiRussia nge-2021 yayiyi-4.52 yezigidi i-4,52 yezigidi zetoni. Ngowama-2024, iSebe lezoLimoli licwangcise ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elibini lwezichumisi.
Ukuqinisekisa iimfuno ezikhulayo zabahlali ngezolimo zaseRussia kwizichumisi kunye nokugcinwa kwezikhundla zemarike zangaphandle kule minyaka mihlanu izayo, inkampani ye-rapap ihlawula i-ruble ye-ruble. Ngokweeplanti zotyalo-mali, ngo-2026 ishishini liya kunyuka ngama-70% (ngokuthelekisa ngo-2013)
Imakethi yaseRussia yenye yezona ntengiso zizinzileyo emhlabeni, kwaye abavelisi baseRussia banomdla kuphuhliso lwalo. Kolu nxibelelwano, kukho inkxaso ecwangcisweni yolawulo lwezolimo zasekhaya ijolise ekwando lokwandisa ukufumaneka kwezimbiwa zezimbiwa.
Ngokukodwa, indlela yamaxabiso enkonzo ye-federally i-antimononostraly isetyenziswe ngempumelelo eRussia, kwaye abavelisi abavelisi bechumisi benza iseti yemiqathango yokugcina amaxabiso e-Macroeconomic.
Indlela ye-FOF kunye namanyathelo okuqhongafakwa kwamaxabiso zinikezelwa ngamaxabiso abavelisi bezolimo baseRussia abaphantsi kunabo kukhuphiswano lwabo phesheya.
Umahluko phakathi kwexabiso lokuthumela kwelinye ilizwe kunye nexabiso kwimarike yasekhaya ifikelela kwi-20-30%. Kwelinye icala, ivumela abantu baseRussia kwezolimo zezolimo ukuba bakhuphise ngakumbi kwiimakethi zokutya zehlabathi. Kwelinye icala, oku kuthetha ukuba abavelisi abaziingcibirali zeminerali minyaka le ngokungathanga ngqo kwiibhiliyoni ze-APK ze-rubles zenzuzo ezinokubakho kunye nezixhobo zotyalo-mali.
Emva kokuwa kwamaxabiso eentlobo eziphambili zezichumisi nge-40% ngo-2019 ukuya ku-2019 ukuya ku-2000, namhlanje eRussia kukho indlela yokubuyiswa kwakhona. Enkosi nabavelisi, nabavelisi, amaxabiso ezichumisi ezixhaphakileyo asezantsi ku-2015 (!). Oku kungqinwa yidatha yeRosstat.
Ngokwe-iSebe lezoLimo lezoLimo lweRussia, isabelo sexabiso lezichumiso kwixabiso eliphakathi lengqolowa yengqolowa ngo-2019 alidluli kwi-13,5%. Ngokutsho kwe-ICR uqikelelo, isabelo sezichumiso semineral kwixabiso eliphakathi lengqolowa kwi-2020 ayizange idlule kwi-12%. NgokweNtaba yokubonisana, iindleko zezichumisi ezithengisa iimveliso zentengiso yezentlalo (ngokukodwa, iimveliso ezingenayo) azidluli kwi-1-2% (!).
Kwiintlanganiso ezibanjwe kwiveki ephelileyo kurhulumente we-Russian Federation, imigaqo emiselweyo yamkelwa njengokuphunyezwa kwayo, elandela imizuzu yentlanganiso, apho kungekho miyalelo yokwehla kwamaxabiso amaxabiso asezantsi akachazwanga.
Kwaye i-RP ithathwa njengemilinganiselo ekhoyo yokuqinisekisa ukufumaneka kwezimbiwa zezimbiwa zanele kwaye ikhutshiwe.
Ngokuphathelele inyathelo lezolimo zeCandelo lezoLimo leRussia Federation, ngokobudlelo, linokujolisa ekwenzeni izibonelelo ezongezelelekileyo zezezolimo ukuze ziphinde zinyuse ilahleko yemali yezimbiwa Izichumisi kunye nokulungisa inyani kwimo yentengiso yenkxaso-mali yenkxaso-mali enye.
Kwangelo xesha, kunocalucalulo kuphela ngokunxulumene nabavelisi bezimilo ezichumileyo, kodwa nakwala mafama bathenge abavelisi bezimbiwa kwangaphambili, banciphise ukhuphiswano lwabo kwezolimo, kubapho iingcali zezoLimo kwiRussia Federation cebisa ukunciphisa amaxabiso. Ngokwahlukileyo kwileta, nomoya wemithetho engachasayo.
Ukongeza, eli phulo linciphisa yonke imigudu yeCandelo loMphathiswa kunye neRhwebo leRussian Federation kunye nebhloko yoqoqosho kurhulumente we-Russian Federation ukuba isungule umjikelo omtsha weshishini lesichumiso ishishini.
Inqunuzelo lweeprojekthi zotyalo-mali zinokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezibi zamaFama asebenza ngokuhambelana nophuhliso oluzinzileyo lwezolimo, kunye nokuchaphazela ukuphunyezwa kwezicwangciso ezinesifo semineral kwizichumisi kwi ixesha elide, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukukhula okukhulu. Ukusetyenziswa kwabo.
Ngomjikelo wotyalo-mali odlulileyo ngo-2013 ukuya ku-2000. Izichumisi zemineral zatyalwa ekuphuhlisweni kwe-ruble engaphezulu kwe-1,3 yezigidi. Umzekelo, ngokweziphumo zika-2019, ivolumu yotyalo-mali ngaphezulu kwamaxesha ama-2 ngaphezulu kwe-avareji yemveliso yemveliso.
Izicwangciso zezoLimo azisebenzi ngaphandle kokuvelisa izichumiso ezichumileyo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo imfuneko yokwandisa i-An-All An-AS-AN-NE-PROFISI EZININGOZI NGO-2024 Ngesikhokelo seProjekthi yeSizwe "Kuthunyelwa". Inxalenye yomzi-mveliso wemveliso engafakwanga kumandla angafakwanga i-2020 kwi-4.3%.
Ukukhula kwe-APC kunyaka ophelileyo kufakwe kwi-5.2%, kwaye inani lamashishini angenamsebenzi ayanciphe ukuya kwi-11%. Uninzi olugqithisileyo lwabavelisi bezolimo baseRussia banendlela eyimfuneko yokufumana izichumisi zemineral ngamaxabiso entengiso. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali zeCandelo lezoLimo lezoLimo laseRussia ngumsebenzi ekujoliswe kuwo ngolungelelwano lwezolimo zokufumana izichumisi "ngexabiso elifunekayo kubo."
Ingcinga yokufumana inkxaso-mali enkulu kakhulu yenkxaso-mali ye-AGRO--yemveliso ngokunyanzelwa kwamaxabiso ezichumisi, eneneni kuthetha inkxaso-mali enye, kwaye njengoko sele kuphawuliwe, kunocalucalulo ngokunxulumene ne abavelisi beengcibi zeminerali.
UMGAQO-NKQUBO wolawulo wentengiso, ukunqongophala kokunyanzelwa kunye nokulungiswa kwamaxabiso ezimveliso zemveliso akuyi kuba negalelo ngokuchanekileyo ekusebenzeni kwemisebenzi yotyalo-mali. La manyathelo aza kunciphisa amaxabiso ophuhliso olunobuchule kwaye ngenxa yoko - umngcipheko, ukusekwa kwendlela efanelekileyo yokuziqhelanisa, ukunciphisa okubalulekileyo ekulweni amaziko emveliso kunye nokudalwa kwemisebenzi emitsha.
Ukongeza, ukulungisa amaxabiso empahla nezinto zorhwebo kunye nezixhobo eziphakathi (kubandakanywa khona izichumisi), ngokwahlukileyo ekulungiseleleni amaxabiso okutya okugqibela (njengeziseko zolwakhiwo lweShute) njengesiseko sophando kwezorhwebo kwimveliso yezolimo zaseRussia. "
(Umthombo: IRapu).