Kwiintendelezo zookumkani odumileyo bamazwe aseYurophu, bathetha ngeentandokazi ezinamandla abaye banefuthe kungekuphela kwinkosi, kodwa nakwimigaqo-nkqubo yelizwe. Akusoloko kunjalo, la makhefu ayesiya eyinyani, kodwa ibali lagcina uninzi lwabahlobo bentliziyo yenyani 'yentliziyo "yookumkani.
Oku kufanelekile ukuba kuchazwe kwi-barbara villes, umfazi ohle, onamandla akonwabileyo olawula inkosi kwaye uthathe indawo ekhethekileyo ebomini bakhe. Nguwuphi uKumkani osoyisiweyo uBarbara? Kwaye yintoni ikati ye-pilyer yobuhle?
I-idleness entle
I-Barbara Villes yazalwa nge-1640 kwintsapho ebonakalayo ye-William i-Wiline, i-vissonta yeSibini. Awu, le ntombazana ayizange ikhumbule utata wakhe, kuba wasweleka kumanxeba afunyenweyo ngonyaka wokuzalwa kwakhe. Umama kaBarbara walwa nezonke eziphelweni, ezama ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubomi bentombi afanelekileyo.
UBharbara oselula minyaka le waba mhle kakhulu. Ukungcangcazela kobumnyama bezinwele ezinobunewunewu, inkangeleko ekhutshiweyo kwaye uncumo olunengqondo waqhuba amadoda ephambene, kodwa babembalwa abagxunyezile ngesandla sakhe nakwintliziyo. I-firhers ayinawo i-dowry yokuthabazeka, eyayingaphandle komtshato ophumelelayo.
Xa intombazana yayineminyaka eli-15 ubudala, yathandana nePhilip Stonokin. Ngelishwa, malunga nolwalamano kunye nosapho olwenzekayo apho kwenzeka khona uFilipu, wayengenakuthetha. Kungekudala u-Ugoves, noBarbara, njengabantu ababephila ngexesha elivukweni bazalwa, bazalwa intombi exhwayo ebophelele kwintanda.
Umtshato Wokulula
Ngo-1659, uBarbara nxamnye naye wayetshata neRodir Pallomat. Abazali bomyeni, beva ngeenoveli zentombazana, bezichasene nomphuzizi wolo mtshato, kodwa uPalmer wanyanzelisa emtshatweni, emva kweqabane elincinci, waya eHague.
Yayingengohambo nje lomtshato. URoger Palmer wayengowe-rolibs, abaxhasi benkosikazi exhasa uKumkani uCharles II, owathinjiweyo. E-Hague, umfazi we-phalmers wayeza kudibana naye kwaye adlulisele imali eqokelelwe ngabahlobo bakakumkani.
I-Barbara i-piners - intandokazi yenkosi
Kwintlanganiso yokuqala yeBarbara ibe yabetha karl II. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba endimaziyo, wayesele eyinkosikazi yenkosi. Xa iMverch iphumelele kumlo ochasene nabachasi, ubusuku bokuqala eLondon, kwisimo soKumkani osemthethweni, wachitha noBarbara. Ndifuna ukuqaphela ukuba amandla alo mfazi akazange anikezele kwimeko yokumkanikazi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo, i-barbara ye-barbara yayiyi "ngukumkanikazi osemthethweni" waseNgilani.Akusoloko kukho iinkosi ziqonda ukuba abantwana babo bazelwe ngokweentandokazi, kodwa kwimeko yeCarle, yonke into yayihlukile. Wavuma ukuba ngabantwana bakaBarbara abane, kwaye amagama abo bongezwa kwi-fitzroy's prefix, ethetha ukuba "ngumntwana wasekumkani". Yayingelilo igama nje elihle phakathi kwamagama kunye nezihloko.
I-fitzroy inika izibonelelo kunye namalungelo athile emntwini. Akukho mfihlakalo yokuba kunyana ozayo (kwaye bekukho ezintathu) ubuhle obuhle kwaye ukumkani wathatha iiposti karhulumente, ezahlula-hlula nentendelezo.
Kodwa yayiphi iqabane elisemthethweni? URoger Palmer wayengenguye utata woonyana babo womfazi wakhe, nangona wayebaquka nomtshato wakhe wasemburhulumenteni. Emva kwentlanganiso yeBarbara kunye nokumkani, ayahlala kunye. Ngokoluvo lwam, wayengakhathazwa kakhulu ngalento - umfazi wakhe uyaphumelela "atshintshiselana" kwizihloko zeBaron Limerick kwaye wala inqaba yenqaba.
"Ikhawuleze kwaye ingenakuthelekiswa nanto" i-barbara villes
I-biographers Karl II ibize ngoyena nkosi isiNgesi sothando. Ngaphandle koku, i-barbara villes ihlala ihleli kwindawo ekhethekileyo enkundleni nasentliziyweni yenkosi. Wayenxiba ubucwebe obumangalisayo obungathethekiyo ngokungagungqiyo, ekonwabele amalungelo amaninzi, afumana iziqu zokumkani, ezazihlawula onke amatyala akhe.
Ngexesha lenkundla, uBarbara uye walibalathisa i-Lokhuseleko, kuba wayehlala eqalisa iinoveli, kodwa uCharles II akazange udideke. Umbhali uJohtu wambiza ngokuba "sisiqalekiso selo lizwe", ukuphawula ububi balo mfazi kunye nobuhle bedemon kunye nobuhle beengelosi. I-Bishop Salisbuyaya yachaza ukuba i-barbara i-wilirs:
Nangona kunjalo, andizukuyibiza "ayinangqondo." Nasemva komtshato kaCharles II, akazange aphulukane nempembelelo yakhe. UBarbara uthathe enye yeendawo zokuqala kwi-resifazwe yeNkosikazi, kwaye ngo-1663 wamkela ubuKatolika, waba ngomnye wabo babefanele baphembelele ukusasazwa kolu lwalo lwasebukhosini.
Ngapha koko, amanenekazi yayisilwa nomphathiswa wokuqala osisichasayo, ukubalwa kweClarendon. Ngokuthengwa kokuthengiselana ngakumbi, wafunyanwa yinkxaso yokumkani. Xa uKardondi warhoxa, uBarbara waqonda ukuba uphumelele okwakhe uloyiso.
Ukuphulukana nempembelelo
Umnini, kunye nothando lwentofolondi engapheliyo yenzeke kakhulu kwiBarbara. Ukongeza, kwintendelezo esele bekukho amanenekazi amancinci kunye abanomdla. Ngo-1674, uLouise de waba yeyona nto ibalulekileyo yaseburhulumenteni uCharles II.
Ngaphandle kwazo zonke iinzame zeBarbara Vilishers, zibuyisele indawo yangaphambili yenkosi, akazange afezekise oko akufunayo. I-ex ayihlali kuphela kumhlala phantsi kwaye yazi ukoyiswa kwabo.
Nangona kunjalo, ubomi bukaBarbara khange badine kwaye buhlungu. Emva kokubhubha kweqabane lokuqala, watshata okwesibini. I-ala, inyusi yayiyintsimi yeHenry. Njengoko kuyenzeka kamva, sele wayenomfazi osemthethweni, kwaye ke i-villes enenekazi yafaka isikhalazo kwi-mbini.
Kwiminyaka embalwa emva kwale nto, wayesondela kwixesha elizayo uDude waseMalboro, apho intombi yakhe yazala kuyo. Ngo-1709, eneminyaka engama-68 ubudala, iBarbaraikers ifile kwidolophu yaseLondon.
I-Burbara yeBarbara yeBarbara, i-Royal Fairl ithandwayo, yayiphila ubomi obude nobusityebileyo. I-biegraphy yakhe ifana nenoveli, apho umlinganiswa ophambili kunye nochithe izithixo, kwaye weva, kwaye wayethanda, kwaye esoyika.
Namhlanje, iinkumbulo zayo zigcinwa kungekuphela nje kwiirekhodi zabantu ababephila ngexesha, kodwa nakwimifanekiso yamagcisa adumileyo exesha. Kunye nabo, umnini-zibizo ezininzi, ibhinqa elinempembelelo le-England yenkulungwane, kwaye, kunjalo, ubuhle obuqaqambileyo, bungaphambi kokuba umtsalane wakhe ungafihli .