Ngokweenguqulelo ezahlukeneyo, uColumbus wayengenguye owokuqala kwaye akakweyesibini eyaya kukhanya. Phambi kwakhe, uninzi lweendlela ezivela kumazwe awahlukeneyo kunye nee-epochs zingayenza. Kwaye oku akubalwa i-vikeki, ethi, ngokwesiqhelo kwaye ingasoloko ithembekile, phantse inyanga iwele.
Kodwa eMelika, iiVikings zazisekhona. Akuzange kube kudala, ngo-1960, ukuhlaliswa kwe-Arnansor egcweleyo kunye nee-axes ezifumaneka eCanada. Isisombululo sisekwe malunga nenkulungwane, phantse iminyaka engama-500 ngaphambi kokufika kukaChristopher Columbus. Imvelaphi, ezo vikings zikufutshane namaNjonikazi.
Kwiminyaka engama-3000 eyadlulayo, izizwe zePolynesia zadada kwiilwandlekazi eziziingcango ezizisaziwa njengeCatamarans. Iguqulelwe igama elithi "iCatanyaran", enyanisweni, kwaye lithetha "iBrica enxulumene noko". Ukuba uyalibala imephu yokuhamba kwabo, loo ndawo iphezulu kakhulu kunayo iRussia kwimida yanamhlanje.
Akukho bungqina buchabuzekayo bobukho bamaPolynesia eMantla okanye eMzantsi Melika, kodwa kukho ezinye iinyani ezinomdla.
- Kwimfuza yasePolynesian kukho i-DNA yamaIndiya oMzantsi Merika.
- I-Polynesia entle yaseMelika yamaza aseMelika wayesazi kwaye wakhula amakhulu eminyaka ngaphambi kweColumbus. Bayifumana phi?
- Ngo-2007, amathambo enkukhu aqala ukusukela nge-1321-1407 afunyanwa kumhlaba waseChile. Iinkukhu ezifanayo zinokuthwala iPolynesia kwiirafti zazo ngexesha lehambo elide.
E-Ecuador kwi-60s yenkulungwane edluleyo, abembi bezinto zakudala bafumanise indawo yokuhlala engama-5000. Wayebizwa ngokuba yiVadivia.
Umdla omkhulu wabangelwa zizitya zodongwe, ngexesha lokumbiwa lufumana kakhulu. Yajika ukuba le yi-zemon ceramics - izitya ezivela eJapan. Le yeyona ceramics yakudala yaseJamani. Yayenziwa iminyaka eli-13 yamawaka ukuya kumawaka amathathu ukuya kuma-300 ukuya kwixesha lethu. Kodwa izitya ezinjalo zinokufika njani kwi-Ecuador?
Izazinzulu zacebisa ukuba iinqanawa ezininzi zokuloba zithathe ikhosi ye-Kurosio elwandle, okanye ukuhamba kweJapan. Ikwenza ngoku. Ngenxa yoko, iinqanawa zikhwele iinyanga ezininzi.
- Ngokuyinxalenye, le nguqulo iqinisekisiwe ngamatyala amabini obhaliweyo: ngo-1815, inkunkuma kwinqanawa yaseJapan yenziwa elunxwemeni lweCalifornia, kwaye ngo-1843, umfuzisi onololobi amabini waziswa kunxweme lwaseMexico. Badiniwe kakhulu, kodwa basinda.
I-ALOS, kodwa sele iminyaka elishumi emva kokuvulwa kweVardivia, yavela ukuba i-vramics e-Ecuador yayingeyonto efanayo neJapan. I-Archaeologer Begty I-Goggers, obeke phambili inguqulelo yokuvulwa kweJapan yaseMelika, yayigxekwa kakhulu ngoogxa ngengxelo enesibindi.
I-legemary kakhulu kufuneka iqwalasele inguqulelo yokuvulwa kweMelika ngu-Irish. I-Brewn Brendan Gariader yamthanda ukusasaza ubuKristu. Ke ngoko, ngokutsho kweqela, waqokelela iqela kwaye waya kuqubha eKarrah, isikhephe esiyi-Irish enesakhelo somthi, ulusu olugubungele.
Into endiyibonayo i-Irish ngexesha lohambo! Sityelele i-Rai, njengoko uGrenda wabiza umhlaba ngaphaya kwendawo ethe tyaba entshona. Sibone esihogweni, apho "iidemon ziphulukene namatye atyenileyo esiqithini kunye nemilambo yegolide." Izazinzulu ziyakholelwa ukuba inokuba malunga ne-Iceland ngexesha lokuqhushumba kwentaba-mlilo. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba uBrendan wayeseMelika, kubalulekile. Enye into yile ngo-1976 umbhali-mbali uTim Teverin (Tightin) wathabatha i-curars yokwenene yase-Ireland kwaye inike ukukhanya okutsha kwindlela ebizwa ngokuba "yi-ving trail".
Phakathi kwezinye izinto ezinokwenzeka zaseMelika kukho uVenetians Nikolo kunye no-Antonio Xeno. Kukholelwa ukuba bafakwe ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XIV kwintsimi yaseCanada kunye ne-orcanese. Ngoku kukho isikhumbuzo ngokuzukisa le nto, kodwa ababhali-mbali abaziimbali bathandabuza ukuchaneka komsitho. I-Venetsias inkulu kubanzi beerekhodi ezintle, kunye neerekhodi zikaNikolo kunye ne-Antonio ngequbuliso "zisezantsi kuphela kwiminyaka eli-1558, engama-66, engama-66 emva kokuvulwa kweAmelika.
E China, kukho imephu ye-1763, ethathwa yikopi evela kwasekuqaleni i-1418. Imephu ibonisa iinkcukacha ezineenkcukacha zaseMantla naseMzantsi Merika. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-15, ubukumkani obuphakamileyo babenezithuthi ezinamandla, kodwa emva kokuba lonke ikhadi bemkelisiwe yinyani.
Inqaku likaMelika kubantu baseYurophu banokuba neenkomo. Ngo-1530, nje iminyaka engama-38 emva nje kweColumbus, aba bantu sele bebambe i-cod emlanjeni weSt. Lawrence - umthambo wamanzi omkhulu odibanisa amachibi amahle ngolwandlekazi lweAtlantiki. Umfula uqukuqela kumhlaba we-United States naseCanada.
Ukongeza kwi-COD, iibhedi ezaziziwe kwaye ixhoba libaluleke kakhulu - ukuloba ngeRiphabhlikhi yaseNewfoundland. Kwakuku sesi siqithi esifumanekayo. Ke iibhedi zinokuqubha apho. Nangona kunjalo, ayiziwa, yayikho ngaphambi kweColumbus okanye yaza yavela malunga nexesha elinye.
Iinguqulelo malunga noQhagamshelo neMelika ukuya eColumbus siseninzi, kodwa kuphela olwamkelo lujongwa ngokupheleleyo, ngokukodwa e-Eric ebomvu kunye ne-leric ebomvu. I-thpothesis yesiqhelo yamkelwe njengenyani. Ezinye iinguqulelo kufuneka zithathwe njengeendawo zokungazithembi kunye neentsomi.
Umbhali - Oleg Ivanov
Umthombo - Springzhizni.ru.