Ngo-2021, irhafu eneedipozithi yaziswa eRussia. Akayikhulise kuphela abo bagcina ii-ruble ezingaphezu kwe-1 kwidipozithi, iingcali zilumkisa. Ukubuyisa ubuncwane bombuso kurhulumente nakwisiganeko sokuba inani lexabiso elincinci, "iinyani" ziyahanjiswa.
Yonke into iza kuxhomekeka kwindlela umvuzo opheleleyo opheleleyo ngonyaka. Ngamanye amaxesha, iipesenti ezili-13 ze-NDFL kuya kufuneka zihlawule, nokuba isixa kwidipozithi singaphantsi kwesigidi esinye, kwezinye izigidi, kwabanye ayiyi kuba yimfuneko ukuba ihlawule, nokuba imali idlula.
Ngaba abadla umhlala-phantsi bangabhatali irhafu?Umthetho uthi ukuba irhafu inyanzelekile ukuba ihlawule bonke, kwanolu ludidi lwabemi abanezibonelelo kwezinye iimeko. Aba bangabadla umhlala-phantsi, kwaye bakhubazekile, kunye neentsapho ezinkulu.
Okwangoku, kuyimfuneko ukhumbule ukuba umvuzo kwiiakhawunti zeRuble awuyi kuba ntlawulo, ethi ngalo lonke unyaka awusena-1% ngonyaka (umzekelo, umvuzo), kwaye ingeniso kwiiakhawunti ze-ESCRO ihlawuliswa.
Kuza kuhlawulelwa phi umzuzu?Iqabane lenethiwekhi yokubonisana i-CCMG eRussia kunye ne-CIS DoDnigek ichaze ukuba inzala efunyenwe ngaphambi kukaDisemba 1, 2021 iwela phantsi kwemithetho emitsha.
"Oko kukuthi, kuya kufuneka uhlawule irhafu yengeniso yakho, nokuba ungene kwisivumelwano sedipozithi ngo-2020 okanye ngaphambi koko, nkqu naphambi komthetho kwirhafu," yatsho ingcali.Ukongeza, irhafu yegalelo iya kunyanzeleka ukuba ngexesha lonyaka wekhalenda ukusuka kwenye okanye iibhanki ezininzi zifumene imali engaphezulu. Obu buncinci bubalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Ingeniso evela kwigalelo le-rubles eyi-1 kwi-Central Bank ye-Russian Federation, xa ibhanki inomdla kwiakhawunti yemali.
Yeyiphi ingeniso engayi kuqwalaselwa ngo-2021?Iqondo eliphambili lebhanki eliphakathi ngoJanuwari 1, 2021 iseti kwi-4.25%. Kuyavela ukuba iifafafakhwazisi aziyi kufuneka zihlawule i-13% ukuba iidipozithi ziya kuzisa kwi-42.5 yamawaka enkcubeko kulo nyaka.
Ngubani ogqiba inani lerhafu?Oku kwenziwa yinkonzo yerhafu yobumbano, enyanzelekile ukuba yazise umtyali-mali ekufuneka ahlawule irhafu. Emva koko ummi kufuneka adwelise isixa esichaziweyo kwiakhawunti ye-FTS. Ixesha lokuhlawula lonyaka liphambi koDisemba 1, oko kukuthi, irhafu yengeniso kwidipozithi efunyenweyo kulo nyaka kuya kufuneka ihlawule kude kube nguDisemba 1, 2022.
Imali intlawulo ebalwe?Okokuqala, abasebenzi be-FNS bashwankathela ingeniso efunyanwa kuzo zonke iibhanki apho zazikhona. Ke ingeniso ekhulayo incipha kumgangatho ongenakurhafi. Kwaye ukusuka kwixabiso eliseleyo lihlawulwe nge-13%.
Ngaba ihlawulwe njani irhafu kwi-akhawunti yemali?Lo msebenzi uqhutywa: Ingeniso yenzala iguqulelwa kwi-ruble kwinqanaba laseburhulumenteni lebhanki yaseRussia ngosuku oluqhelekileyo, emva koko lincipha kwinani elingesosixa esiqhelekileyo. Ngendlela, umnini wediphozithi yemali unokwenza inzuzo ngenxa yokukhula kwemali yelinye ilizwe. Kwangelo xesha, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba umahluko phakathi kwemali kwiakhawunti, iphinde iphinde iphinde i-ruble kwireyithi yotshintshiselwano eyahlukileyo, ingeniso yedipozithi ayiqwalaselwanga kwaye i-NDFL ayiqwalaselwanga. Inikezwe ukuba iidipozithi zemali zinamaxabiso aphantsi kakhulu, isixa esiyi-40-60 yamawaka eedola asungula kwirhafu.