Nge-18 kaFebruwari, lonke ilizwe liya kujonga ukuzala konyamezelo kwiMars. Kucetyiswa ukuba unyamezelo - "unyamezelo" ekuguquleleni kwisiRashiya - uza kumalunga no-23: 55 ixesha leMoscow kwindawo ye-crater jeretero. Ukuba ukufika kwempumelelo kuyaphumelela, iqela le-NASA liza kujonga zonke iinkqubo zeMarshode kunye nezixhobo zayo kwiinyanga ezininzi. INJONGO YABASEBENZI "Unyamezelo" kwiPlanethi ebomvu, eyayifudumeza njalo kwaye, mhlawumbi, nkqu ilungele ubomi bamandulo yaseMars-crater Jeretero. Inyani yile yokuba imigudu ye-geololocal isasazeke kuyo yonke i-crater, ihlelele ngaphambili kwiplanethi kukho amanzi, kubandakanya intsalela yechibi kunye nomlambo. Isifundo sokuqulunqwa kwezi ntlobo sikwindawo apho kungasabekho i-spacecraft enye-iya kunika i-NASA elona thuba lilungileyo lokuphendula umbuzo kanaphakade malunga nokuba iphi na i-Mars. Kutshanje, kwi-Magazine yendalo, oovimba abakwiinkcukacha wapapashwa indlela ukwenziwa kokufumana impumelelo yonyamezelo.
Luya kuhlala phi unyamezelo?
I-Crater Jeretero - Indawo ekhethekileyo. Unyamezelo lwe-Hex luya kuphonononga njengerobhothi ye-geologist. Ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle, emva koko ukuphela konyaka wabo wokuqala uMartian ngaphezulu kweminyaka-engaphantsi komhlaba - i-Mercier iya kubanjwa ngaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezili-15 kwaye iya kuthatha isampulu yesampulu, eya kuthi emva koko iphinde ibekho Umhlaba waseMartian, apho i-spacecraft yexesha elizayo iya kuba nakho ukuyiqokelela-oku kuyakuba khona inzame yokuqala yokubuyisa amatye aseMartian emhlabeni.
Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba amawaka ezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo, umlambo wawela kwijezi ukusuka entshona, esasazeka kwichibi elikhulu elizalisa i-crater. Amatye e-sedimentary aphumile ngexesha lenze i-fan ye-fan. Ngesi sizathu, enye yeenjongo zikaThixo ziya kuba kukukhangela kumcimbi wezinto eziphilayo ematyeni i-Delta, enokubonisa ukuba i-microbes okanye ezinye iintlobo zobomi ziye zachuma kulo mmandla.
Kwilizwe le-Delta, njengoMpussippi River Delta, iqulethe inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo ezibonisa iintsalela zezityalo kunye nezinye izinto. Ukuba into enye yenzekile kwi-Delta Jeretero, emva koko i-Mercier inokuthi ifumane iintsalela zezinto eziphilayo. Qaphela ukuba ngoFebruwari i-mission, amazwe amathathu - iUnited States, i-UAE kunye ne-CHINA ifikelela kwiplanethi ebomvu. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nemishini, ndathetha kweli nqaku.
Ngaba ufuna ukuhlala nazi iindaba zamva nje kwiLizwe lezeNzululwazi neTekhnoloji ephezulu? Bhalisa kwi-Channel yethu yeendaba kwi-telegraph ukuze ungaphoswa nantoni na enomdla!
Enye indawo yokukhangela imiqondiso yobomi bangaphambili kwi-mars ikwiibhanki zakudala zechibi. Ngokukodwa, "ukunyamezela" kuya kufunda i-Arc idlulisele kwicala le-Delta kwaye lihambelane nomphetho weCrater. Ukuqaphela kwangaphambili kwi-Orbita Spacecraft ye-Orbital kucingela ukuba ezi zinto zinokwenziwa ngee-minerals zekharbhontate, ezinqabileyo kwiMars, kodwa zixhaphakile emhlabeni. Iikharbhothi, kubandakanya ilitye le-demestone, zihlala zinxulunyaniswa nezinto eziphilayo, ezinjengeendlela zekorale, kunye neefosili ezigcina izinto ezidlulileyo, ezinjengeentsholongwane.
Eyona ngxaki inkulu yokunyamezela emva kokufika, iya kuba sisifundo esikhawulezayo nesisebenzayo sazo zonke ezi ndawo zijolise kuko kunye nokuqokelelwa kwesampulu. Iingcali ze-NAASA zabenza unyaka omnye uMartian (olingana neminyaka emibini emhlabeni) yokulungiselela umsebenzisi " Ngesi sizathu, abaphandi baphuhlisa iindlela apho i-rover ingaya kufutshane emva kokufika. Njengoko ubona, ukusuka apho i-spacecraft yomhlaba, okuninzi kuxhomekeke.
Ukuhambisa iMarsohoda
Kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-NASA, kuyaxelwa ukuba iRover ilungele ukufika. Ngokungqinelana nesicwangciso, umnqweno kunye nokufika kuya kuqala xa i-spacecraft ifikelela kwindawo ephezulu yemozulu, isantya sayo kweli nqanaba siza kuba malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-20,000 ngeyure. Kucwangcisiwe ukuba iparashute iya kuvulwa ngexesha lokwehla, emva kwekhuselo lokukhusela elahlulelweyo. Kodwa ukunciphisa isantya sesixhobo kufuneka sizuze iinjini zemodyuli yokutyala.
Ukuhlala ngokwawo, ezivela kwiiarhente azifani "nemizuzu esixhenxe yokothuka" iya kuba nokuziphatha kakuhle. Kuba kuthatha ngaphezulu kwemizuzu eli-11 ukufumana umqondiso werediyo ukusuka kwi-Mars, akunakwenzeka ukulawula irhasi emhlabeni. Okwalo mzuzu, xa iqela lolawulo lifumana umqondiso "wokuba unyamezelo" ungene kwimozulu, isixhobo siza kuba semphezulu yeplanethi ebomvu.
Jonga kwakhona: Isixhobo saseTshayina "Tianwean-1" senze ifoto entsha ye-mars
Imifanekiso yokuqala yomphezulu weMars, eyenziwe ukusebenzisa iikhamera zonyamezelo, ziya kutshintshelwa emhlabeni kungekudala emva kokungeniswa okucwangcisiweyo. Khumbula ukuba kukho iikhamera ezingama-23, izibini zemakrophones kunye nezinye izixhobo ezijolise ekufezekiseni iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezifundo kwityala lonyamezelo. Kumsebenzi, ukwenziwa kunye nokuvavanywa kwamagumbi eMarshode ukuya kwiminyaka esixhenxe. Ngaba uya kubukela ekukhuleni kwembali 'yokunyamezela' kwiMars?