I-Arhente yeSithuba saseMelika sika-USASIONYENSI 18 kwi-23,55 yexesha le-moscow lalityalwe kwi-Mars kwingingqi ye-crater unyamezelo (isiNgesi - "unyamezelo"). Owona msebenzi ophambili weRover, osele ethumele iifoto zokuqala zeplanethi kwi-Twitter, iya kuba kufuna ukuba kufuna ubomi bobomi.
UthumoOwona msebenzi uphambili weMars 2020 mishini (iMars 2020 Ro.20 Rover), eyabhengezwa emva ngo-2012, iya kukhangelwa imikhondo yobomi kwiplanethi. I-rover iya kuqokelela iisampulu zamatye nomhlaba, emva koko emva koko zipakishe zibe zizikhongozeli ezincinci kumphezulu weMars. Kucingelwa ukuba i-rover iya kusebenza kwiPlanethi engama-687 yomhla womhlaba. Emhlabeni, yona kunye neesampuli ziya kuzisa uthumo oludibeneyo lwe-Arhente yendawo yaseYurophu (i-ESA) kunye ne-NASA (i-Mars isampulu yesampulu) icwangciselwe i-2026 ukuya ku-2031.
Ukongeza ekukhangeleni imiqondiso yobomi obukhulu kunye neemali zemali, i-mission kufuneka iqokelele idatha enokuba luncedo kwiinqwelomoya ezizayo kwi-Mars-kubandakanya ne-mars. Unyamezelo luvavanywe ngonyamezelo oluza kuza kwiziko le-spacecraft. Phakathi kwazo yitekhnoloji ephuculweyo yokunikezelwa komhlaba ngokuchanekileyo, indlela yokuveliswa kweoksijini evela kwikhabhoni, inkqubo yokususa uthuli kunye nongcoliseko oluvela kwimozulu. Ukongeza, izazinzulu ezisebenzisa iRover ziya kukhangela amanzi endawo, funda imozulu, umhlaba kunye nezinye iimpawu zeplanethi, ezinokuchaphazela impilo yexesha elizayo kunye nomsebenzi woluntu kwi-Mars.
I-Atlas-5 yeRocket kunye nokunyamezela kunye ne-Indelikopta (i-Inc. Isigidi se-km.
Unyamezelo yindawo yesixhobo yesithuba esifikele kwi-mars kwinyanga ephelileyo. Ngokufanayo, umsebenzi waseMelika weerobhothi zakhe waqalisa i-UAE nase China.
RoverMolo Lizwe. Jonga kum ekhaya ngonaphakade. #Cowndownmars. Pic.twitter.com/dkm9je9i6x
-Unyamezelo lwe-NASA's rover rover NgoFebruwari 18, 2021
Unyamezelo yeyona nceba inkulu kakhulu neyona nceba igqibeleleyo. Kukhululwe ubukhulu becala i-giation ephumeleleyo kwaye igcine inxalenye yezisombululo zetekhnoloji yaseburhulumenteni. Unyamezelo Marshod ubukhulu buthelekiswa nemoto: malunga neemitha ezi-3 ubude, 2.7 iimitha ubude kunye ne-2.2 yeemitha ukuphakama. Ngobunzima be-1025 kg yokunyamezela malunga ne-126 kg eyaziwayo.
I-rover ixhotywe ngezixhobo ezisixhenxe zophando kunye nokuvavanya itekhnoloji entsha kwiplanethi ebomvu.
- I-Maescam-Z yinkqubo yamagumbi ngendlela enokubakho kwi-panomic kunye ne-stereoscopic umfanekiso onokubakho. Inkqubo iya kusetyenziswa kuphando lweeminerals kumphezulu weMars.
- I-Supercam sisixhobo esikuvumela ukuba ufumane imifanekiso, uhlalutyo lokwakhiwa kweekhemikhali kunye ne-mymragy kumgama.
- I-Pixl-X-Ray Fluorescent Spectrometer ekwaziyo ukwenza imifanekiso ephakamileyo yemephu yemephu ye-Mars.Pixl Perpon Yenza ukuba ikwazi ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe kratya kwaye zihlaziye izinto zekhemikhali.
- USherloc ngumkhombelosi osebenzisa i-ultraviolet (UV) ye-leser ye-Mappilogical Mephulogical kunye ne-organic.
- I-Moxie yisampulu yovavanyo yesixhobo esiya kuvelisa ioksijini evela kwikharbon diokside ye-martian. Kwimeko yempumelelo, itekhnoloji yeMoxie inokusetyenziswa nge-astronas yexesha elizayo kwiMars ukubuyela emhlabeni.
- I-Mega-Iseti yesenzi eziya kulinganisa ubushushu, isantya kunye nolwalathiso lomoya, uxinzelelo, ubushushu, ubukhulu kunye nothuli.
- I-Rimfax-Ukungena kumphezulu we-radar ukuya kufunda ubume bejomorilogical ye-decela yeplanethi.
Umsebenzi wesixhobo ngasinye kunye nophando olwenziwa nguRoverso, iqela lezinzulu kwiiyunivesithi zaseMelika, iFrance, iNorway inoxanduva.
Igama leRover, njengenxalenye yokhuphiswano olukhethekileyo, yanika i-alexander yaseMelika yaseMelika. Ezo zifundo ziye zaba sisiko le-NASA. Umzekelo, amagama omoya wama-MarsCoDs kunye namathuba anika uSophie Kolliz oneminyaka eli-9, owazalwa eSiberia kunye nosapho lwaseMelika oluvela eArizona.
IhelikoptaIhelikopta yobuchule yathunyelwa kwi-Mars eneRover yokubonisa ukubaleka kwesixhobo sokuqengqeleka kwimozulu ye-Mars. Ukuxinana kwayo malunga ne-1% yoxinano lwemeko yomhlaba. I-drone iqhotyoshelwe kwi-rover kwaye iphantsi kwesivalo esikhuselayo. Ke ayiyi kubandezeleka ngexesha lokufika.
Abaphandi baya kulawula ihelikopta ngokusebenzisa i-Satellite Polters kunye ne-Sheepta esisiseko se-Ivelipta kwisikhululo se-Mercier. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, Dron iye abazahluli ukusuka Yokuzingisa, uya kuhlawuliswa ukusuka Rover kwinkqubo umbane mayixhotyiswe radioisotope thermoelectric generator ne neplutoniyam. Emva koko, iya kuqala ukwenza ukutya ngeephaneli zelanga.
UkufikaUnyamezelo lubekwe kwi-crater yeekhilomitha ezingama-70 ububanzi, ibekwe kwi-hemisphere yaseMantla yeMars. Kwenye indawo malunga ne-3.5 yezigidigidi kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, umlambo wangena echibini. Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba iimolekyuli zezinto eziphilayo kunye nezinye iimpawu ezinokubakho zobomi obungagcinwanga kwi-Delta yakudala.
Ngaphambi kokuba unyamezele ukunyamezela "imizuzu esixhenxe yokothusayo" - ixesha lenguqu ukusuka kwi-Opperthar ukuya kumphezulu weplanethi ebomvu. Ukwenza oku, waphosa isantya nge-cosmic yesibini (ye-Mars imalunga ne-20,000 km / h) kwisantya esihamba ngeenyawo. Ekuqaleni, isixhobo savula iparashute, emva koko i-cising yahlulahlulwe ukukhusela kubushushu obuphezulu. Ukusondela kumphezulu, imodyuli yokufika incitshisiwe ziinjini, emva koko yathobela iRver kwiintambo.
Emva kokufika, iRover ithumele izakhelo zokuqala kwiMars, epapashwe kwi-Twitter. Ividiyo evela kwigumbi le-marshode iya kupapashwa nge-22 kaFebruwari. Emva kwenye iveki, abaphandi baya kubonisa izakhelo zenkqubo yonke yokutyala kwisisombululo esiphezulu.
