Iindidi ze-petroli zihlala zihlaziywa rhoqo, iintlobo ezintsha zefutha ziyaphuhliswa, ezinazo ezinye iipropathi kunye nomgangatho. Iingcali zixelele ukuba yintoni ekufuneka uyazi malunga ne-petroli, usasaze iintsomi ezidumileyo kwaye waphendula imibuzo eqhubekayo.
Umgangatho we-petroli unokutshekishwa ngombala wayo.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho amabali phakathi kootyelelo abanokuthi umgangatho we-petroline unokugqitywa ngembonakalo yawo. Ewe, kwiminyaka yaseSoviet, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-petroli zahlukaniswe ngombala ukunciphisa amandla okusebenza ngokungekho mthethweni. Nangona kunjalo, zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zijongeka ngokulinganayo. Ngenguqu kwi-Euro5, i-ai-92 ipetroli ayifani ukusuka kwi-AI-98 okanye ngombala okanye ngevumba.
Nangona indlela enobunzima yokuvavanya umgangatho we-petroli isekhona. Kungazimisela ukuchukumisa. Coca ipetroli ye-petroli iyothusa ulusu, kwaye ngomxholo wepetroli yedizili (i-DT) - igrisi. Ngeli xesha, le ndlela ayisebenzi ekumiseleni ipetroli ye-petroli.
Uvavanyo olucwangcisiweyo olusemgangathweni lunokwenziwa kusetyenziswa isalathiso esiphathwayo somgangatho we-petroli-2.
Ngokweemfuno ze-Gost, ipetroli yale mihla inokuba ne-dys yayo nayiphi na imibala, ngaphandle eluhlaza kunye neblowu. Ngokuhambelana, ukuqhelisela i-tinling ye-petroli kusenzeka, kodwa ngokukodwa ukumakisha imveliso ephawulweyo kunye nokuchonga i-fake. Imfesako kufuneka ichaneke ipetroli, kumnyama kakhulu okanye iphantse ibe mdaka.
Ukuxuba i-petroli nge-och eyahlukileyo ye-och ifakwe kwinqwanga yomxube
Rhoqo unokuva isimangalo esinjalo sokuba ukuba uxuba ipetroli ye-AI-92 kunye ne-AI-98 Brand, emva koko ipetroli ayixubeki. Ngenxa yoxinaniso olwahlukileyo lwe-AI-98, kwakutyholwa, baya kuqokelelwa, bathethe, kumphezulu we-92. Ngenxa yoko, xa i-98th i-98th ipetroli ayikufanelanga, ukuchasana kwe-injini ye-injini kwintsalela ye-oxide ephantsi kuya kuncipha, kwaye oku kuya kubangela ukudinwa kunye nomthwalo owongeziweyo kwicandelo lamandla. Imvume enjalo yintsomi. Njengakwisiqwengana esinokubakho, iimfuno zomgangatho wobunzima be-petroli zinye: kufuneka zibe kwinqanaba le-725 - 780 kg / m3 nge-15 ° C. Akukho petroli yeThengi yeThengisi iphuma kule mida. Ke ngoko, iziqwengana xa zixubana, ngakumbi kwiimeko zokunikela ngomzimba, aziyi. Ke ngoko, ukuba ixutywe ngokulinganayo kwi-AI-92 ne-AI-98, sifumana i-analogue yepetrolo ye-95th. Ukusebenza i-injini, olu bukhozi aluyi kuchaphazela.Inombolo ye-octane iyathetha ngomgangatho we-petroli
Unokufumana kwakhona uluvo lokuba i-Wheel iFoude Aie Ai-92 yahlulwe nguMgangatho ophantsi, kuba yenzelwe injini enganyangekiyo. Ezo ngxelo azichanekanga kwaye ziphilisiwe yinkqubo enokutsha yemveliso yanamhlanje. Ngapha koko, elona nani liphezulu le-octane ukuba i-petroli ifumane i-petrolting emva kokuqhekeka kunexabiso le-80. ziyasetyenziswa. Ngenxa yoko, inani le-octane linyusa ukuya kwi-92, 95, 98 ne-100. Ngamanye amaxesha, ipetroli enenombolo eyahlukileyo ye-octane yenye, iyonke.
Kwisikhululo segesi sophawu oludumileyo luhlala lulungile i-petroli
Kwiimeko ezininzi, umgangatho wepetroli kwizikhululo zerhasi eyaziwayo iphezulu kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, zininzi izinto ezinxulunyaniswa nazo iimeko ezininzi ngenzondo yeFranch. Inyani yile yokuba ilungelo lokuthengisa ipetroli phantsi komthengisi opapashiweyo unokufumana nayiphi na inkampani encinci eyaneleyo yokugqiba ikhontrakthi kunye nenkampani ye-echelon ephezulu. Ke ngoko, akukho matyala anqabileyo xa i-petroli ivela kwiNkampani yeNtloko ithethwe ngamafutha asemgangathweni, kunye nenombolo ye-octane yomxube "ovuswayo.Ipetroli ayisiyonto
Kulula ukugcina ipetroli ayicacanga, njengoko inobomi beshelup. Ngokwemigangatho yanamhlanje, ixesha lewaranti lokugcina i-ofisi ipetroli kuyo yonke imifuno ngunyaka omnye ukusuka kumhla wokwenziwa kwe-oyile. Kwangelo xesha, ireyithi ye-petroli ye-petroli ixhomekeke kubushushu: Ukuphakama kobushushu obuphezulu, amaxhoba amafutha ngokukhawuleza. Kwakhona, umgangatho we-petroli rissine uba mandundu ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza kunxibelelwano nomoya kunye neentsimbi. Ijika ngokukhawuleza kune-petroli ilahlekile iipropathi zayo kwitanki yamafutha emoto. Ukusuka apha sifumana ixesha lokugcina amafutha aphezulu, isiqingatha sonyaka.
Ipetroli ayimkhupheli
Kukho uluvo lokuba, ngokuchasene ne-pielise ipetroli, i-petroli ayiyikhupheli kwaye naliphi na iqaqobana liyiNgcwele. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuyonyaniso. Ngokuthe ngcembe, amanzi akhuthazayo aqokelela kwitanki, ehla emazantsi etanki yegesi kwaye iqokelela i-recess phambi kwempompo yamafutha. Emva koko, ifakwe kwinkqubo yokondla zefutha ngohlobo lomxube kwaye luphuma kumagumbi okuhlamba. Emva kokucima iyunithi yamandla, inxenye ye-oli ehlala lihleli kwiindlela eziphezulu, kwifilitha nakwimpompo. Ngexesha leqabaka eliqatha, amanzi ahlanganisiwe, ajika abe yingqolowa ye-inlet ngaphakathi kulwelo kwaye acenga, avala indinyana yepetroli. Ngenxa yoko, iivenkile zemoto. Ke ukuba amanzi angaqokeleli kwitanki yegesi, ungasebenzisa imichiza eyongeziweyo kwi-oyile. Bawachitha amanzi ngaphakathi ngokwabo kwaye abayinike ukukhululeka. Unokusebenzisa kwakhona utywala bokutya ukutya ngeenjongo zokutya.
Ngengozi, ipetroli kwitanki inokuqhuma
Le meko inokubonwa kwi-cinema, kodwa kubomi bokwenyani phantse ayinakwenzeka. Njengoko uyazi, ukuqhuma kuyamcaphukisa umxube we-petrol steam ngomoya. Okwangoku, inkqubo ye-oyile itywinwe, kwaye amathuba okuqhushumba kwetanki yamafutha ayikho ngendlela exhunyiwe ngenani lepetroli eligalelwe kuyo. Enye into isemlilweni. Xa i-piels ifakwe i-Wiels kwaye i-oyile kumqokeleli oshushu okanye izinto ezishushu zenkqubo yokukhutshwa, umlilo onzima ekunzima ukuhlawula.