Cinga ngokudalwa komatshini wokuchwetheza kwi-caterpillar eneyelo efanelekileyo, ukuya kuhlanganisa ukuba yeyiphi na indlela onokuthi ngayo ngokuhlwa. Uloyilo luyo lwahlulwa lwahlulwa lwangamacandelo amabini - i-chassis yomkhondo kunye nenxalenye yombane eya kubonelela ngolawulo olukude lwamatshini kulawulo olukude.
Ukwenza i-chassis yemveliso
Ayisithathi izixhobo ezininzi: I-Carterpillar iya kuqhutywa sisibini sebhokisi, isiseko soyilo siya kuba sisiqwengana se-plywood esincinci, uya kufuna amavili athile ajikelezayo. Kumatshini, unokusebenzisa phantse kuzo naziphi na iibhokisi ezifanelekileyo ze-Gear, i-Yellow ", enokufumaneka kwiivenkile ezininzi zezinto zerediyo, okanye zithenga kwi-ALI, i-Gearbox inika i-curtatio 1: 48, yonakele kakhulu ixabiso elifanelekileyo..
Ibhokisi nganye yegiya inokufikelela kwiishafti ezimbini, ishaphu enye kuphela iya kusebenza i-chaterpillar ye-chassis, i-shaft enye kuphela iya kubandakanyeka, okwesibini ingashenxiswayo konke konke okanye ikhefu ukuba le midlalo isafuneka kwezinye iiprojekthi. Kuyimfuneko ukubambisa amavili kwi-shaftres-ukuyenza ngokukhawuleza, ukuphakamisa isikhuseli ngokwakho emthini (ke, amavili aya kulala kamnandi. Ukuze ulungiso olongezelelekileyo, kwaye ngenxa yokungafumani izikrelemnqa, unokuphumelela kakhulu unxibelelwano neglue. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ivili liphindwe kabini - kukho umsantsa phakathi kwamavili nganye malunga ne-3-4 mm, i-caterpillar iya kulungiswa nayo.
I-Motors ihleli kwisiqwengana se-plywood esihlala sihleli, ubungakanani bayo sinokukhethwa ngokungekho mthethweni, kuxhomekeke kubungakanani obufunayo bomatshini. Akukho ndawo ilula yokukhawulezisa ezi gesi azibonelelwanga, ke ndizibhale ndisebenzisa i-thermoclause-i-rods elungileyo ibonelela ngemilinganiselo yomgangatho ofanelekileyo, njengoko amava abonisiweyo.
Emva koko, kwelinye icala lemoto, kuyimfuneko ukukhusela iikona ze-axis yamavili angaphambili. Ukwenza oku, ndincoma kakhulu ukusebenzisa iinkcukacha ezivela kumyili wentsimbi yabantwana - unokufumana iikona ezilungiselelwe imingxunya. Xa uqhuba umngxunya kwi-plywood, kunyanzelekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo ukuba kwixa elizayo iya kuthatha uhlengahlengiso lwengxwabangxwaba ye-caterpillage, ngoko ke iyimfuneko ekuqhubeni ubude bemingxunya malunga ne-1-1.5 cm, yona dibanisa i-oblong enye ye-oblong. Ke, yonke i-axle yangaphambili iya kuhamba ngasemva, ukulungisa ii-bolts kwindawo oyifunayo.
Umngxunya kwimingxunya kwiimbombo, kuyangqinela ukusebenzisa i-M4, inika ubunzima obaneleyo kwaye ilungele imingxunya kwiindawo zomyili wentsimbi. Isithende kufuneka sibe nzima ukuqinisa kwiimbombo, kuyangqinela ukusebenzisa amantongomane ngokulungiswa kwezintongomane, azizicingeli xa umatshini uqalisa ukukhwela. Emacaleni, ivili eliphindwe kabini lifakwe ngasemva, kunye nesithuba esifanayo. Amavili kufuneka ajikeleze ngokukhululekileyo kwi-Axis, kunokwenzeka ukuba ayinike ngamanyathelo afanayo ngokulungisa. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ivili lasekhohlo nelisekunene kufuneka lijikeleze ngokuzimela omnye komnye. Amavili anje ndizithathela umyili wentsimbi, kodwa ungasika iplastiki efana neplastiki, okanye kwikhadibhodi exineneyo, ukuba uyasonga kwi-Lailers eliqela kunye neglue.
Ukuveliswa kwee-caterpillars
Kunzima ukucinga ukuba, nangona kunjalo, ii-caterpillars ezigqwesileyo nge-clutch ifunyanwa kwi-pvc ban rug, ungayifumana phantse kuyo nayiphi na ivenkile yempahla yasekhaya. Umbhoxo onjalo unemigca eyahlukeneyo eguqukayo "edityanisiweyo", edityanisiweyo yimisonto efanayo, efunekayo ukuze wenze i-caterpillar. I-ribbon inqunyulwe iribhoni ngobubanzi be-1.5-2 cm, kufanele ukuba ilingane nobubanzi beevili ezisetyenzisiweyo.
Emva koko kuyimfuneko ukunamathisela i-tepi kwiivili eziqhotyoshelweyo kwi-chassis kwaye incitshise kubude obufunekayo, emva koko iziphelo zeribbon zidibene ne-superchal. Emva kokuba i-glue yome, ungazama isisu esikwi-chassis kwaye ujike inqwelo-mafutha, kodwa iya kuwa ezivibeni.
Ukuze i-caterpillar ukuba ingawi amavili, kwanaxa umatshini wexesha elizayo uya kushukumisa imiqobo, kufuneka wenze imiqobo, kufuneka wenze imiqobo ye-comvex embindini we-caterpillar. Xa ijikeleza, baya kwewela emhaleni phakathi kwamavili, ngaphandle kokunika i-caterpillar ukuba ihambe. Unokwenza loo nto inqabileyo ngeendlela ezininzi, ndaye ndagqiba kwelokuba ndincamathele imatshisi ye "nyathelo" ngalinye, njengoko amava abonise, le ndlela iboniswe ukuba ngumsebenzi kunye nokuxabana okwaneleyo kwe-caterpillar engalunganga. Imatshisi inqunyulwe ibe ngamacandelo ubude obuyi-5-6 mm kwaye iboniswe kwifoto engezantsi, zonke ii-Super zaselwandle ezifanayo ziyasetyenziswa-iqinisekisa amandla amahle okunxibelelana nemibandela ye-PVC.
Zonke iintshukumo ezifanayo kufuneka zenziwe nge-caterpilla yesibini. Emva kokunamathela iinkunkuma, unokufunda ngokulungile-ngoku banethemba lokufumana i-chassis kwaye sele beyijonga indlela umatshini wexesha elizayo oza kuhamba ngayo, ukondla i-voltage yebhetri ngqo kuzo zombini iimoto. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, kuyimfuneko ukuhlengahlengisa amandla engqungquthela - ubuthathaka kakhulu i-caterpillar iya kuyicima okanye ixhase, kwaye ininzi kakhulu iya kujikeleza ngokuqinileyo, inomthwalo owongezelelweyo kwimoto.
Icandelo lombane
Kwinxalenye yombane, iibhodi ezininzi ziya kufuneka: Amakhadi amkelweyo kunye namakhadi adluliselayo kwimiyalelo eshiyekileyo, eyandisa iibhodi, zongeza i-morstors ukuba ijikeleze i-Motors nganye kuzo zombini iindlela. Iskimu ngokubanzi yile-iBhodi yoStoshimishini iya kufakwa kwi-console, iBhodi eyamkelayo kwi-chassis yomatshini. I-volts (3.7 - 4,2 Volts) ukuya kwi-7-8 Volts, apho kufuneka adle khona iimotor. Ukuba i-cototors iphuhlisa isantya esaneleyo kwaye ngokuthe ngqo kwibhetri, emva koko oosolo abanakufakwa. Ukuqhuba ukujikeleza kwemoto kuya kuba sephatheni zeBridge - Izikimu ezizodwa ezinokubonelela ngee-voltage okanye i-polaty enye kwimveliso (kwi-1 okanye i-1) iya kufumana umqondiso wolawulo kwiBhodi yoLawulo. Ekuqaleni, siqwalasela izikim zosasazo kunye nomamkeli, bamelwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuchaneka kwe-encoder ne-Decoder, kunye no-Dionatin kunye nokudlulisela iimodyuli ze-RX zenziwe nge-433 MHZ, ezinokuthengwa ngokulula kwi-ALI okanye ivenkile ezininzi ze-ALI okanye ezinokuthengwa zizinto ezininzi zerediyo -
Imodyuli nganye kwiimodyuli zinabafowunelwa abathathu zokudibanisa - kunye namandla edatha, thabatha, kunye nonxibelelwano lwedatha lokuhambisa okanye i-datha. Ezi nkqubo zilula zilula zibonelela ngeProtokholi yokuThunyelwa kweDatha, ikuvumela ukuba uqhubekeke ukucinezela amaqhosha ama-5. Ukulawula umatshini wokuchwetheza, uyakufuna kuphela amajelo ama-4 kuphela (phambili, emva, ngasekunene), ke i-5 ye-5 ishiywe), umzekelo, ukhangela izibane zentloko. I-TXD kunye noQhagamshelo lwe-RXD kwisekethe iqhagamshelwe ngokufanelekileyo kunxibelelwano lwedatha yoqhakamshelwano kunye nomamkeli, kwelinye le nkqubo, elula kwaye ifuna inkcazo. I-voltage yokubonelela ngezikim eziyi-3.50 volts, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ubeka i-78l05 izitokhwe (zidweliswe kwimizobo), emva koko unokuhlala kwi-voltage 7 okanye ngaphezulu kwe-voltage. Iibhodi zokushicilela zibonelela zombini iindlela, kufuneka ufake i-jumpers kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo. Ukuze usetyenziswe kumatshini, amandla kunye nomamkeli, kwaye i-strimitt inokuqhutywa ngqo kwiibhetri ngaphandle kokuzinza. Kwisikimi ngasinye apho kukho i-microcontral-kufuneka itshintshe nge-firmware ye-firmware, i-firmware igcinwe kunye neefayile zeeBhodi.
Ukwenziwa kwe-console
Njengomnye woKhetho, ungasebenzisa kude i-toure egqityiweyo ukusuka kwinto eyaphukileyo / engafunekiyo yerediyo ukuba kukho indawo eyaneleyo ngaphakathi kwayo ukufaka iBhodi ye-encoder. Okanye unokwenza ukuba ubeke kude, njengoko ndenzile. Njengesiseko, omnye umntu otyhalelwa i-Plywood, ekhutshelwe kwi-ITTAGER kwi-18650, intlawulo ye-CoDE ngemodyuli eyamkelweyo, kunye namaqhosha ama-4, awabeka ukuze axhase ulawulo. Nceda uqaphele ukuba iBhodi yeCoder sele ineendawo zokuhlala zeBhodi-facface yazo zinokukhetha, ngaphandle kwendlela yokuvavanywa emva kwendibano. Amaqhosha okusebenza aboniswa kwiibhodi kwiingcingo, njengakwimifanekiso engezantsi.
Ufakelo lwee-elektroniki kwi-chassis
Kwi-chassis ngokwayo, ngenxa yoko, ngaphandle kweBhodi ye-Deconder ngemodyuli eyamkelweyo, iibhlorho "ezimbini" ziya kufakelwa, kunye nabaguquli ababini. Ukusetyenziswa kwabaguquleli ababini, nganye nganye nganye nganye nganye, ilungile kuba iya kuba nakho ukuhlengahlengisa isantya seziqwengana nganye. Igiya yemoto, nangona injalo, kodwa isenokwahluka kweeparamitha, ngenxa yoko, nokuba i-vortage enye, inokunika inguquko eyohlukeneyo, ihlengahlengisa i-voltage kwindawo yokuguqula inokufezekiswa ngokupheleleyo ngesantya esifanayo. I-SKOCKyky kwisantya, esincinci, siya kukhokelela kwinto oya kuhamba ngokungqongqo, kodwa ngethuba elincinci. Ungazibona zonke iibhodi ezifunwayo zofakelo kwi-chassis engezantsi.
Ifoto yeBhodi yeDecoder. Nceda uqaphele ukuba, njengeBhodi yeCoDer, inamalungu amaninzi ongezelelweyo awongezelelweyo - ngokuqinisekileyo ayizukuphelisa izixhobo ezinee-microtrolletrs.
Yakha iskimu sebhulorho
Ingabonakala ngathi - apho kukho uhlobo olunye lwebhulorho olufunekayo, kuba lwanele ngoncedo lwesitshixo lokubonelela ngee-voltage kwimoto. Kwaye ayifuneki nyhani ukuba umatshini wokuchwetheza akafuneki ukuba abuye umva-kwaye lo mthambo ubonakalisa ukuba kukuthini ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwawo. Yiyo loo nto, kubalulekile ukuba uhlanganise isikimu esincinci esincinci, esiya kubonelela ngotshintsho lwepompoy yemoto. Inguqulelo yokulinganisa-indlela yokuhamba.
I-injini iqhagamshelwe kwesi sikimu, kwaye iqulethe igalelo elibini - i-12 kwaye i-Innets ingeniswe kwigalelo elinye, i-injini ye-3-5 ingeniswe kwenye-i-volts ingeniswe kwenye - i-Injini ijikeleze kwenye icala. Ukuba i-voltage ayisebenzi nayiphi na igalelo, okanye inikezelwa kuwo omabini amagalelo ngoko nangoko-Imoto ayijikelezi, le yingcinga elula yomsebenzi. Umzobo unemigangatho ye-4 yokuhambisa ibala eliya kuyitshintsha iMoto, ke kufuneka ibalwe kwi-Ofisi yangoku enkulu. Ababini kubo bangamajelo e-N-channel, ungasebenzisa i-AO3400, ezinye ii-P-jennels ezimbini, ifanelekile i-AO3401. Kwisixhobo-bi-program kukho i-bipolar ezimbini ze-bipolar ye-bipolar, i-BC847 ifanelekile okanye enye efanayo. Ukuze ungathatheli indawo eninzi kwi-chassis, ndicebisa ukuba ndihlanganisene le nkqubo kwizinto ze-SMD. I-DEDENS ingekabikho, umzekelo, 1NT4148w. Kwigalelo lamandla leli sikimu (ichongwe njenge-12 v), ivolthi evela kumguquli inikezelwa. Nceda uqaphele ukuba le nkqubo kufuneka iqokelelwe kwiikopi ezimbini - zemoto yasekhohlo nasekunene, ziya kuxhonywa ngokufanelekileyo ukusuka kwelinye nakumguquleli wesibini. Iifoto zeebhodi zesekethe ezifikelela ngezantsi.
Ngoku ungaqhubeka ngqo kufakelo-kwaye kuqala kuko konke oko kufanelekile ukubambelela kwi-chassis yeebhetri ze-1860, zonke ii-elektroniki ziya kuxhotyiswa, iibhetri ziqhagamshelwe ngokuhambelana.
Phambi kokuba iibhetri, phambi kwedekhowudi, iBhodi yeDeconder ifakiwe, unokuyiqhagamshela ngokukhawuleza ngokutshintshelwa konxibelelwano lwabaphetheyo. Ukuze ube lula, ii-LED ezi-5 zifakwe kule bhodi-i-LEDS ezihambelana nayo xa iqhosha elikude licinezelwe.
Kwinxalenye engezantsi, phantsi kwe-chassis, isibini sabaguquli kunye nesibini setekishi baqhotyoshelwe. Kwangoko, yonke into iqhagamshelwe ziingcingo - igalelo labaguquleli ngokuguqula abanini, ukuphuma komguquli ukondla iiBhodi zeebhlorho, kunye neebhlorho, sele zisiya kwimoto. Ifanele ikukhumbule ukuba iimotor eziphantsi komthwalo zinokutya kakhulu okwangoku, ngokulandelelana, ekufakweni kwabaguquleli, abadlelayo abakhoyo baya kufikelela kwi-1-1.5 i-Amps, ngoko ke iyimfuneko Khuphela amandla ngokwaneleyo.
Inqanaba lokugqibela, kwinqanaba lokugqibela lendibano, kufuneka unxibelelanise iziphumo zedekhowudi (ezi-4 eziphumayo ze-5) ukuya kwigalelo lebhulorho (i1, i-IT1, i-In2) liya kusebenza, umatshini olwenziwe ngaphakathi indlela oyifunayo. IYAMBI:
- Ukucinezela "phambili" - Zombini iinjini zijikelezile kwicala elinye.
- Ukucinezela "ukubuyela umva" - zozibini injini zijikeleza kwicala elahlukileyo.
- Ukucofa "ilungelo" - Imoto yasekhohlo ijikeleza, ngasemva, umatshini wenzeka kwindawo yendawo.
- Ukucinezela "iSekhohlo" - Isommisi esekunene ijikeleza ngasemva, ishiywe ngaphambili, umatshini ungenzeka ukuba ungavelisi.
- Ukucofa ngaxeshanye 'phambili "kunye" ne "ngasekunene" - imoto yasekhohlo ijikeleza, into elungileyo iphakamile kuloo ndawo, ngaloo ndlela, ijika eligudileyo.
- Ukucofa ngaxeshanye "phambili" kwaye "ngasekhohlo" - ngokufanayo, kodwa ngenye indlela.
Ukuphumeza ingcinga enjalo, kuya kufuneka unxibelelanise iziphumo zedekhowudi ukuba ifake igalelo lendlela njengoko kubonisiwe ngezantsi.
Ezantsi kwe-Decoder iboniswe ngezantsi, ngelixa omnye wabo esimahla, unokusetyenziselwa ezinye iintshukumo. Ii-Dods Apha ungasebenzisa i-1N4148, yazithengisa ngokunyusa ngaphakathi kwi-Deconder.
Vavanyo
Oku kugqitywa kulo matshini, ungafaka iibhetri kwaye ujonge ukusebenza. Kwangelo xesha, ayizukubakho kakhulu ukukhangela ukusetyenziswa kwangoku - ngaphandle kokungabikho kwamaqela ukusuka kwi-console, kufanele ukuba ibe mncinci, malunga namashumi e-ma. Umgama we-corsole uza kuxhomekeka kwiimodyuli ezisetyenzisiweyo zokufumana i-DEAMS kunye ne-STRIGRAT-uninzi lubonelela ngendawo yokwamkelwa ngokuzithemba malunga ne-20-30 yeemitha kwiimeko ezisezidolophini, ezanele ukulawula umatshini. Iya kunceda ukwandisa kakhulu uluhlu lwee-eriyali, ungathatha iingcingo zobhedu nge-17 cm (nge-RM ye-433 MHz) kunye neThutho kwiimodyuli "kwi-ANTH".
Yiyo loo nto, yajika i-tood exakeke kakhulu yabantwana kunye nabantu abadala - i-pvc-rug caterpillars ibangela ukuba i-cerutch igqwesileyo nayo nayiphi na indawo, ngoko ke lo mthi woyise ngokulula imiqobo. Izibonelelo zohlobo lwe-caterpillar zinokubangelwa kukulula kolawulo-akukho mfuneko yokufaka iindlela ezongezelelweyo zokuqhuba, lonke ulawulo lwenzeka kuphela ngenxa yokutshintsha kwendlela yokujikeleza kweetrekhi. Ukunqongophala kwe-chassis yoyilo echazelweyo kunokubizwa ngokuba yindawo encinci "encinci" -imongo eziphantsi kweyona ndawo iphantsi kwaye ihleli kwindawo eninzi, nangona kunjalo, ayiphazamisi, oku kungabikho inokupheliswa ngokongeza i-axis eyongezelelweyo yamavili angasemva kunye nokubeka i-massoto isuka ngasentla. INdibano ePhumelele!