Ngo-2020, i-United States isebenzise izixhobo zeRocket ezivela kwimida yaseRussia-Belarusian. Ngenxa yoko, ngoSeptemba, ukudubula kwiNkqubo ye-MLRS yomlilo we-volley yejeet yenzekile kwiNkqubo-sikhokelo ye-Estonia, kwaye ekupheleni kwe-SARONE, inikwe izikhuselo ezibini kwiRomania. Ukongeza, emva kokukhutshwa kweWashington kwi-RSD yokunyanga ngokufakwa, iirochethi ezintsha zaqala ukukhula, ukwandisa uluhlu lwabahlaseli babo. Njengoko i-Belarus neRussia inokulwa i-RSW yaseMelika, ifundwe ekuqhubekeni kohlobo oluthile lwezi ziko lwezifundo ze-Geopolitiki zeZiko leMfundo kunye neMimandla yeYunivesithi yaseBaltic. I.Knta Yuri Zurispa.
Ukunyuka kwenani le-US Rszo eYurophu
Emva kokuphela kwemfazwe ebandayo, iUnited States yanciphisa kakhulu imikhosi yabo eYurophu. Kwachukunyiswa yi-Artillery, kubandakanya nesihloko. Ngenxa yoko, ngo-2006, i-United States yayihlala ilungu elinye, i-RSW MLRS - Icandelo le-14 le-Artillery Frielrimer (1-94 fa) kwiBaumiciller (Germay) ene-18. Kodwa ngoMeyi ka-2008, wayekhutshiwe, emva kokuba amaMelika engabena malungu eYurophu, exhobile ngokupheleleyo.Emva kokuqala ngo-2014, ukusombulula izisombululo zeAtlantiki ("Ukuzimisela kweAtlantic"), kujongiwe "kwiRussia, iUnited States yaqala ukudlulisela i-RSW ukuya eYurophu. Ezi zifakelo zaqala ukuvela kwiMpuma Yurophu. Ke ngoJuni ngo-2016, e-Estonia, iibheji ezimbini ze-M142 ye-112 ye-11 ye-Artimery ye-Artillery (1-181 ye-Artillery ye-Artillery (1-181 ye-Artillery ye-Artillery (1-181) ye-Saber Genses ye-Saber Tennessee. Nakwimfundiso yePolish kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwePolish ye-ANAKOnda ka-2016 kwinyanga enye yeRo142 yeCandelo le-53 le-113 yeCandelo le-113 le-53 ye-5-113 fa) yelizwe laseNyakatho-farolina.
Ukusukela ngoSeptemba ngo-2016, i-United States yaqalisa ukuqokelela kwiindawo ezigcina izinto ze "Advanced Spehols e-US" "(APs-2 - Imikhosi eyakhiwe eYurophu, izixhobo ze-Europe, izixhobo zetramored. Ngokuvulwa ngo-2017, i-US Dulmen (iJamani) ye-USA yaqala ukubeka iRZO ye-Artallery yeli candelo apho. Ngokutsho kolwazi olukhoyo, i-United States iphela ibekwe kwi-APS-2, indlela ye-Europes ye-RSW M270A1 MLRS kunye neCandelo lesibini le-M142.
NgoNovemba 30, 2018, i-Artiade yase-Artiade yaseMelika ye-Artigade (i-41 ye-4TS) yayifuduselwa (i-41 skb), igama lesidlaliso "I-Riliay Guiners" ("iintolo zikaloliwe") eGrafpan (eJamani). Kwangoko, yayingazange ikhutshiwe eJamani ngoJulayi 15, 2005. NgoSeptemba ngo-2019, iCandelo le-1 leShelfiel yasentsimini ladalwa ngokusemthethweni njengenxalenye ye-Brigade (1-6 fa), i-M270a1 mlin. NgoJanuwari 27, 2020. Eli candelo liqhuba umlo wokulwa eGraneyur Polygon - eUnited States yaseYurophu ukusukela ngo-2006.
NgoSeptemba 2020, iqela lesibini ladalwa njengenxalenye ye-Brigade ye-41 ye-17 yesheriyeli yentsimi ye-77 ye-Arture (1-77 ye-Arture), i-M270a1 ye-M272 kunye ne-M142. Kwinyanga enye, iBravo 1-6 Fat Gecal Artillery Britilled Brigade Wamba i-RZO ye-RZO yokukhusela i-rapa, kufutshane nemida yeRussia (I-110 km) (ukufundisa i-guir guuner rush). Izaxaso-ntsapho yaseRussia eUnited States iqikelela ezi mfundiso njengokucaphukisa kwaye iyingozi kakhulu kuzinzo lwengingqi.
NgoNovemba i-2020, i-herzo m142 ivela kwi-1-77 i-FA ye-Argulled yase-Artulled, ikhuselwe iiyure ezininzi ngomoya kwi-CHECUSE KWI-CHERCEES ZE-CHECULED KWI-CHEO-MOSTAT KuLwandle oluMnyama (ukufundisa nge-falcon) -ukurhoxisa lwesibini wokudubula kwe-brigade ye-41 ye-41 engaphandle kweJamani. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokudubula kokufakwa kunye nokubala okubalwa kweJamani. Ngokutsho kweMagazini yaseMelika, ezi zinto zityhidiweyo ziye zaba yinto "yokumangaliswa kwemikhosi yaseRussia eCrimea" (nangona indawo yokudubula i-400 km, ngenxa yoko, ukungasathethiyo I-GMSRS). Nangona kunjalo, ukuthetha ngokuthembisa imingxunya yaseMelika ngoluhlu olukhulu, i-forbes ibhala loo "mkhosi, uza kufika eRomania kwaye umele isoyikiso esibi kakhulu nesingalindelekanga kwimikhosi yaseRussia kwingingqi."
Esi sifundo se-US sabonakaliswa ngamaqhinga amatsha abizwa ngokuba "nguyen olwenziwe ngokukhawuleza". Endaweni yokuhanjiswa kancinci kweendlela okanye ukufaka umyingelelo, ufakelwe phantse kuyo yonke indawo apho kukho khona ibala lemimoya efanelekileyo.
I-MLRS MLRS iyaqhubeka iYurophu kwinxalenye yelizwe laseMelika. Ekuqaleni kukaDisemba 2020. Okokuqala ngqa ngexesha lokujikeleza kwamaqela e-American Arroud, kwangaxeshanye kuye kwatshintshelwa kwiQela le-Brigade le-1 le-Brigad le-1 le-Brigal (iCandelo le-12nd Isherifu ye-Artillery (1-142 fa) fa) I-Aryensas yesizwe yogada. Ibekwe kwidravsk-pomorsk polygon ePoland.
Inkulu kangakanani intambo ye-rocket?
Ukubuya kuka-US Rszo, kunjalo, kunyusa amathuba omkhosi waseMelika eYurophu, kubandakanya nokuziphatha komlilo kuluhlu olukhulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-300 km). Ukongeza, ummandla weKalinerad uphantsi kwesongelo (kwimeko yokubeka i-RWS yaseMelika ePoland kunye / okanye iLithuania), kunye ne-St. Petersburg, i-Estonia kunye / okanye eLatvia). Kwimeko yokuvela kwe-RSW yaseMelika eUkraine, i-crisa iya kuba semngciphekweni.
Isoyikisa iinkqubo ze-marile zaseMelika kunye ne-belarus. Phakathi kweethagethi ezinokubakho - okokuqala kubo bonke, ekuthiwa yi-Russian "imimandla ye-Russian kunye nengeniso yokufikelela kunye ne-Aneuver" (i-ANGE) kwingingqi ye-Kalilingrad, i-Sttersa .
I-aeard ye-rszo kwaye, ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba le-MLDER, i-MLRS ayikaze ibe yimfihlo yenguqu ekhawulezileyo kwiziza zokudubula kunye nokuziqhelanisa nomkhosi ukuba zithathele ingqalelo le meko kwaye ziphuhlise Izinto eziyimfuneko (ngokuqinisekileyo zenziwe).
Ngoku iRzo e-USA eYurophu imbalwa. ICandelo elinye le-MLRS / HARS linezitshizi ezili-18 (iibhetri ezintathu ze-6 pu). Oko kukuthi, kwi-Trigade ye-Artilley yasentsimini, ekuphela kweYunithi yaseMkhosini yaseMelika eYurophu, i-RSW RSW, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ineebhetri ezintlanu ze-MLRS (i-30 pu) kunye nebhetri enye ye-rus (6 pu). Enye into eninzi ye-MLRS I-MLRS BLRES (18 pu) iziswe ePoland ukujikeleza i-1-142 fa.
Lilonke, i-United States ngoku ifumaneka eYurophu 48 puszo mlin kunye ne-6 purslole, ekwaziyo ukukhulula i-volley ye-GEMLY ye-GMLDS okanye i-102 yokuchaneka kwe-102 ye-vintal. Kodwa i-amunition iyilelwe ukuba ingabi nakufutha kwaye kukho ukubakho kokudlulisela ulwandle kwaye nge-roches eyongezelelweyo kunye neerokethi ezongezelelweyo kwinxalenye yelizwe laseMelika.
Yintoni enokuphendula i-Russia
I-Russia, kwanamva kokuncitshiswa kwemikhosi exhobileyo kugqitha kakhulu i-United States ngokwenombolo ye-RZO (ngaphezulu kwe-862 [1] nxamnye ne-640) [2]. Kwezi zinto, ezingama-550 zikwi-RSzo "Grad" ngoluhlu olupheleleyo lokudubula kwe-21 km (i-amuning yanamhlanje-ukuya kwi-40 km). I-200 ngaphezulu yi-rszo "inkanyamba" ngoluhlu oluphezulu lwe-34 km. Oko kukuthi, kwindawo ephezulu yokudubula, ezi ntsholongwane ziphantsi kwe-GMLRS yaseMelika / i-Himars (84 km). Iirokhethi zaseMelika, ngaphandle koko, zilawuleka, kwaye, ke, zinokuchaneka okuphezulu kokubetha.I-Russia ikwaquka i-100 i-100 i-caliber eyi-100-mm-mm rszo "i-pirnado", enokudubula kwi-90 km (kubandakanya i-gorcket ye-rocket elawulayo). Ngokutsho kweengcali, kumandla eVolley, enye "i-tornado" ilingana no-20 useto "(i-HRAD" (i-volley yomatshini omnye igubungela indawo engama-672 amawaka eemitha).
Ibhengezwe ukuba ukuphela kuka-2027, i-rsnzo "i-rinadado" kunye ne "pharicacane" kwimikhosi yaseRussia iya kuthatha indawo ye-caliber enkulu ye-9k515 "yamkelwe ngo-2016.
I-RZO TORNANDO-C isebenzisa ngokusisiseko iigobolondo ezisisiseko ezingama-300-mM ezinokuthi zichaphazele uluhlu lwe-120 km, elingaphezulu kwe-GMLRS yaseMelika. Kwangelo xesha, umsebenzi wendiza nganye unokuziswa kwiprojekthi nganye.
Kule RSW, i-rocket entsha ye-Ultra-i-ultra ye-ultra ikwaphuhliswa, engekaxelwanga. Kodwa ngaphambili abaphuhlisi bathembisa ukufikelela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-200 km (engaphezulu kwe-er ye-gmlrs enziwe e-US). Kwaye iRZO "GROD" iya kutshintshwa yi-rszo 9q51m "i-ternado-M" ye-caliber ephakathi ye-caliber enenkqubo yolawulo lomlilo ozenzekelayo, eyamkelwe ngonyaka ka-2014.
Kukholelwa ukuba kwimpumelelo yokulwa ye-tirnado-g ingaphezulu kwe "Grad" amaxesha ngamaxesha. Kwi-curnado-g, imijukungalo-mali ephambili iphuhlisiwe, ivumela ukunika i-volley ukusuka kwisithuba esinye sokuqala ukuya kwiinjongo ezininzi okanye ugxile kumlilo we-RWs nganye. Iintloko ezahluliweyo zale mijukujelwa ukuwa kwiiparachlies ezizinzo ziphantse zaxhuzulwa, zinokuchaphazela iinjongo nakwindawo yokuhlala kunye nasemva kwamathambeka aphezulu. Iirokethi ezifanayo zidalwe ze-tirnado-c.
Ngo-2016, i-RW5K512 "I-Huncrica 1m" yamkelwa eRussia. Le yinkqubo ye-biliber enokusebenzisa i-tpk esetyenziswayo nge projectiles ezisebenzayo zababhali ababini - nokuba ngama-220, okanye ama-300 mm. Elona nani liphezulu lokudubula liyi-120 km, kwikamva kunokwenzeka ukuba livele ngakumbi imijukujelwa.
I-ActCom yokuSebenza ye-ACTCCE ye-ACTCILS ye-Ismocss yimijukujelo yeRussia isebenza kunye ne-secticals (CZDC) "Iskander-M", endisele ndiyixelele le portal. Amarokhethi ole PCCs anodidi olukhulu kune-facts (inkqutyana elona qeqesho ihlelo lingama-48 km, kwaye olona luhlu luphezulu luye kwi-300 km ukusuka kwi-300 km ukusuka kwiRocket yaseMelika). Banokuthwala iintlobo ezilishumi ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokulwa-zombini eziqhelekileyo neziqhelekileyo kwaye zenyukliya (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclears (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclear (i-nuclears (i-nuclears (i-nuclear (i-nuclears.
Ukudluliselwa kweSetyhula yeRostrol "Iskander-M" nge-GSN yoQeqiso lobuqili yi-5-7 m, oko kukuthi, ikhuphisana ngakumbi i-BC eqatha kakhulu kwaye inamandla. I-rocket yenziwa kusetyenziswa i "telc teknologies" kwaye isebenze kakhulu ngokubaleka, eyenza ukuba ibe yinjongo engaqhelekanga yeenkqubo zangaphandle ezifanelekileyo.
Ukongeza, ayingapheleli kuphela, kodwa ikwanamaphiko anoluhlu lweenqwelomoya ukuya kwi-500 km kunye nokudluliselwa okujikelezileyo kwithagethi kwi-metern enokuba yintsomi "iskander-m". Ngokweenkcukacha zangaphandle, iRussia ngo-2019 yayinenkonzo ene-140 yezixhobo zeSkander-M (3] (nganye inokuthi ithwale iiroshe ezimbini okanye ezimbini ze-quasibulic okanye ezimbini ezinamaphiko).
Ngolawulo lwe-Adfarolandian Storight kunye NLRS / HARS, iRussia inokusebenzisa izikhululo ze-radare ye-artillery "zoo" kunye ne-zoo-1m, kunye ne-rawk-av ", uphuhliso olugqityiweyo. Bakwazi ukoyisa ukufakelwa kwe-Monsile yaseMelika kunye nokudlulisela ukujolisa kwindibaniselwano kwinqwelomoya, i-Artillery eqinisekisiweyo (SAU) kunye neRZO. Kunyaka olandelayo, i-penicillin ye-Articlicn's Artillecy Restance iqaqanjiswe, ehamba kwiindawo zokudubula kotshaba esebenzisa izilonda zesandi esikhethekileyo, iikhamera ze-thermal.
Ubuchule beBelarus
I-Belarus ikwinkonzo ene-164 RSZO GRAD kunye ne-36 "Inkanyamba" kwaye ibanyuse ngenkuthalo. Ke, kwisiseko se-122-MM RSSO BM-21 "HRAD", i-Belarian "ye-Bl-21A" iBelgrade "yenziwa ngokubekwa kwinxalenye ye-AZSTIC ye-Maz-6317 . Nge "Gras" kunye "neBelgradov", isityalo "seSityalo" se-Electrostnics ezichanekileyo "ziphuhlise amaqokobhe amatsha" aphucule amaqokobhe amatsha okuba ngamalungu angama-40 km. Ngo-2019, i-Belarusian Ojc ivelise i-rozo "ye-surricar ye-chassis chassis maz-631705 (6 × 6) enemisebenzi yokuhamba, yoNxibelelwano nenkqubo yokukhokela imveliso ye-Belamarian.
Ukongeza, eBelarus, i-301 mm polonais iphuhliswe nge-B-200 yemichiza [4], inoluhlu oluphezulu lwe-200 km. Kunye nenguqulelo ehlaziyiweyo ye "polonz-m" nge-B-300 yemijuku-mali ye-B-300 ye-5] inobubanzi obungaphezulu kwe-300 km, enokuthelekiswa nodidi oluphezulu lwe-American ACMSS. Inkqubo ye-RZO / i-ponsessez-m missile idityanisiwe: I-Instial kunye nokulungiswa kweSatellite (GPS). Ukudluliselwa kweSetyhula ehambelana (CVO) ukusuka kwithagethi kuluhlu oluphezulu kususela kwi-30 ukuya kwi-50 m. NgoAgasti 2016, i-polonaise iRonzoi yamkelwa eBelasus.
Ngo-2020, i-Gemersian eNtsha ye-122-MM Psso "SHKVA", iphuhliswe yi-OJSC "voltto", yabanjwa. Ixhotywe ngemibhobho yesikhokelo yemveliso ye-Belarusia kunye nenkqubo yokuhamba ngomlilo esebenzayo, inkqubo ye-satellite, inkqubo yeMetelical, inkqubo yokunxibelelana yale mihla kunye nenkqubo yokuhambisa i-Autods yokusebenza njengenxalenye yeqela.
I-Shkwalk inokusebenzisa wonke umgca wemigca ye-rszo "grad" kunye ne-Ammunition ephuculweyo iphuhliswe eBelarus kwi-leldrad RSSO.
Ngenxa yoko, iRussia neBelarus sele sele zisakhankanya ikamva, banamandla anamandla kwi-RZO kunye ne-GRZO YOKUGQIBELA I-PERRY YAMA-MLRS / SHRESS SPROSTES. Kwaye kukho ezinye iindlela zezilonda ezikwaziyo ukulwa nazo, ezingena ngaphaya kwengxelo yethu (umzekelo, inqwelo moya, esekwe kwaselwandle kunye nezinye). Ewe, ekugqibeleni, 'njengengxoxo yokugqibela yookumkani "ayize kwaye akukho mntu ulibalayo ukuba iRussia inamandla enyukliya. Kunye neziqinisekiso zayo zenyukliya kwaye zisebenze kwi-Allies Belasus.
Umgqatswa weSayensi yeJografi, iNgcali eyintloko yeziko leZifundo zeJopotical zeNgxelo yeZifundo zeBaltic zeZifundo zeLicopolical kunye neMimandla yeYunivesithi yaseBaltic. I-Imanuel Kanta
[1] Omnye u-3220 ugcinwe.
[2] Ibhalansi yomkhosi. L., 2020. P. 48, 52, 196.
[3] Ibhalansi yomkhosi. L., 2020. P. 196.
[4] Uphuhlisiwe kwisiseko se-rocket yaseTshayina i-A-200.
[5] Ukuphuhliswa kwesiseko se-rocket yaseTshayina i-A-300.