Molo, umfundi wam. Inkcubeko yeziqhamo ifuna uhlolo olucwangcisiweyo. Oku kuyakwenza ukuba kwenzeke ukuba kuqatshelwe, umzekelo, imiqondiso yokuqala yezifo zeperile ezinzulu, ezihlala zivezwa ngumgca wokuhamba kwamagqabi, oqale ukucofa. Kukho izizathu ezininzi zeli phethanon.
Iipere. (Ifoto esetyenziswa lilayisensi esemgangathweni © Ogorodnynye-shPargalki.ru)
Ukutshisa intsholongwane kubonakaliswa kwindawo yokumisa kunye namagqabi ajikelezayo. Kwangelo xesha, i-inflorescences iyafa, amanqaku amnyama ecocekileyo akhulisa kwi-crust. Intsholongwane ibangelwa lusulelo oluyingozi - intsholongwane yosapho lwe-Ervinia. I-Pear inesifo esiphantsi kwesi sifo.
Imithombo yosulelo:
- isicelo xa sizohlwaya izixhobo ezingezizo ezingenanto;
- Ukubetha i-bacteria nge-rocks, amanxeba, ukonakalisa umonakali ophuma kumasebe kunye nemithi;
- Ukusetyenziswa kweSowili eyosulelekileyo kunye nokutyala.
Usulelo oluphambili luhlala lubonakaliswa kwinqanaba le-rorm. Intsholongwane kunye neentaka, izinambuzane, umoya, imvula idluliselwa kunye nePoln. Ukukhawuleza kokuzala kuthanda imozulu efudumeleyo (iqondo lokushisa ngaphezulu kwe-18 degrees) kunye nomphunga owenza malunga ne-70%.
Imilinganiselo yomzabalazo:
- Umthi ochaphazelekayo ochaphazelekayo kufuneka avele kwaye atshise.
- Kwiimpawu zokuqala ezincinci zebacteriosis, kuyacetyiswa ukusika amasebe achaphazelekayo kunye neenxalenye ze-crust. Amacandelo abulala iintsholongwane ngesisombululo (1%) ye-calfate yobhedu.
- Kwinqanaba leentyatyambo, izihlandlo ezithathu zitshiza izithsaba ngezisombululo zentsholongwane. Qaphela ixesha lokuphumla ngeentsuku ezi-5. Isetyenziswe "i-streptomycin", "i-oxyteticlineclinecline", "biomycin", kwaye isebenzisa "Agrimifin", "inyanisiki". Umthamo kwiilitha ezili-10 zamanzi ngumndilili we-20 ml yechiza.
- I-fungicides eyodwa isetyenziswa ngokungqinelana nemiyalelo, umzekelo, uGayair, Azophos. "I-phytolavin" inceda kakuhle.
Ukwenzela ukuthintela izixhobo zokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nezikhongozeli ezisetyenzisiweyo xa zisebenza egadini, intsalela yezityalo ezineempawu zosulelo ziqokelelwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Imithombo yosulelo inokuba yi-hawthotn bushes, kunye nemithi yeziqhamo zasendle. Kumgama ongu-150 m ukusuka kwigadi ekufuneka bayijolise kuyo.
Iipere. (Ifoto esetyenziswa lilayisensi esemgangathweni © Ogorodnynye-shPargalki.ru)
Ibethe esi sifo sisifo, esaziwa ngokuba sidiniwe, i-atonov yomlilo, sele iphilile i-pears ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala.Iimpawu zokuqala zohlobo lweempawu ezibomvu-ezimdaka zivela kumasebe kunye neziqwengana. Ngokuthe ngcembe, amabala afumana umbala omnyama. Ibhinqa kwiindawo zoyisa i-bark iyafa emva koko iwa. Emva koko, inxeba elibanzi lihleli. Amagqabi aqhekeziweyo kunye neziqhamo zimnyama, zenziwe. Kwimeko enjalo, bahlala ixesha elide kumasebe.
Usuleleko oludluliselwa ziimbambano. Ngophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwesi sifo, iimeko ezifanelekileyo zenziwa ngemozulu efudumeleyo kunye nokufuma okuphezulu.
Imilinganiselo yomzabalazo:
- Ngosulelo olubanzi, umthi ugawulwe kwaye utshiswe.
- Kumanqanaba okuqala okuphuhliswa kwesi sifo, amasebe angcolisekileyo anqunyulwa kwaye atshiswe. Amacandelo abulala iintsholongwane ngesisombululo (i-1%) yemozulu yobhedu.
- Amanxeba, i-crocks kwi-Core icocwe ihlazo kunye nokutshiza usebenzisa i-vigor yobhedu ene-1%. Emva koko waphathwa nge-booth yegadi.
Kucetyiswa ukuba uthobele amanyathelo okhuseleko, kubandakanya nokukhethwa kokufika kwiindidi zeepere, ukubonisa ukumelana nokusichasa kumhlaza omnyama. Kubalulekile ukususa nokutshabalalisa iziqhamo kunye namagqabi. Kuyacetyiswa kwixesha lokwindla kunye neeprinks zentwasahlobo.
Isifo sokuntywila sibonakaliswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomthi we-pear we-sage emnyama. Le filimu icinyiwe ngokulula, njengoko iyimfihlo kwaye ayingeneli kwizicubu.
I-SAPOFIT FINI ayisiyonto ye-parites. Ziya kuwa emagqabini, zihlumela, iziqhamo zomonakalo obangelwe zizinambuzane ezimbi. I-cherves, izihlangu, imikhathi eyahlukeneyo kwinkqubo ebalulekileyo yolwalelo lolwelo olunamathelayo, ukulungiselela ukulungiselela umkhuntane. Izityalo ezonakalisayo zinokuhlanjwa okuqinileyo kweepleyiti zephepha elinefilimu emnyama, enciphisa i-photosynthesis. Ukubonakala kwezityalo kwiziqhamo kunciphisa ixabiso labo lokuthengisa.
Izifo zemithi. (Ifoto esetyenziswa lilayisensi esemgangathweni © Ogorodnynye-shPargalki.ru)
Ukulwa nezifo zokubambisa, sebenzisa "i-phytodeter". Uthintelo kukudalwa kwezityalo iimeko ezifanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba usike isithsaba esinezithsaba esitshatileyo, qhuba ukondla okufunekayo, ukuphelisa umhlaba ogqithisileyo emhlabeni. Ukuzisa i-whims yesiqu sokuqala sentwasahlobo ngesisombululo se-leme kunye nokongezwa kwe-calfate yobhedu.
Isifo esikhulayo se-fungling fungal siphawulwa ngokubonakala kwamanqaku amancinci amancinci amnyama kunye nombala omdaka kumphezulu weziqhamo kunye neepleyiti zephepha. Ngokuthe ngcembe bakhula, bebangela ukujija kunye nokuhlelwa kwamagqabi ukomisa. Iziqhamo ezigqibeleleyo ziyeka ukuphuhlisa. Isebenza ngokukhethekileyo, isicatshulwa sisasazeka kwimozulu emide yemvula.Imithi esulelekileyo ye-pear ye-peary itshiza, ukusebenzisa i-fungicides, njenge "Horsos" okanye "usizi."
Ukwenzela ukuthintela ukuphuculwa kosulelo, ulwelo lwe-burgr lulungiselelwe ngokuxilizwa kwe-1%. Ukufakwa kweHarry kunkcenkceshelwa kathathu: Phambi kwesakhono sezintso, kwinqanaba lokuqulunqwa kwe-buds, emva kokuphela kwentyatyambo. Kubalulekile ukusika amaxesha ngamaxesha isithsaba, susa iPadalita, tshisa amagqabi awileyo.
Ukungabikho kweempawu ezicacileyo zesifo, izinto ezahlukeneyo zinokubangela iingxaki. Mnyama kwiPhepha lePhepha lePiar le-Pear le-Poist elijijekileyo kwezi meko zilandelayo:
- Ukusilela kwe-bora. Ibonakalisiwe emnyama amagqabi. Kwaye inciphise ukukhula kwemithi, imisebe yomile.
- Ukunqongophala kwe-calcium. Ungakubona ukusasazeka kwamacandelo amnyama newomileyo kwimiphetho yamagqabi ukuya embindini.
Umfundi obanzi onomxube wesondlo oqukethe ii-munlics ezifunekayo uya kufuneka.
Amaconsi kunye namagqabi anamagqabi owomileyo kwaye ajijekile ngexesha lembalela ekhutshiweyo. Iluncedo kwimeko enjalo yokucwangcisa izithsaba zokunkcenkceshela amanzi usebenzisa i-hose nge-nozzle efanelekileyo.
Akunakwenzeka ukuba ungayihoyi imbonakalo kwimithi yepere ngequbuliso kwaye ijijeke amagqabi. Into enjalo inokubonisa ukuphuculwa kwesifo esiyingozi okanye enye ingxaki efuna amanyathelo akhawulezileyo nefanelekileyo ukugcina izityalo.