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Wonke umntu wayethetha ngotyando oluncinci ngo-1960. I-Leonid Rogozov ibobe, ingabonakala ngathi ayinakwenzeka. Kwimiqathango ebusika bophala, isihlomelo sinikezelwe kuye. Waphumelela njani?
Ufike njani kwiAntarctic?
I-Leonid yakhula kwintsapho leyo, ngaphandle kwakhe, kwaoko abantwana abathathu bakhuliswa. Uyise wafa ngaphambili, ke yonke imithwalo yamagxa onina. Ukukhonza emkhosini, uLenya wangena kwiZiko loNyango le-Leningrad. Emva kokuphumelela, wangena kumhlala-phantsi wotyando.URogozov wayesoloko engumntu osebenzayo onomdla wokuthanda umzimba, ibhola kunye nokutsiba. Wayefuna izinto ezintsha ezifunyenweyo kunye nezinto eziphucukileyo. Ke ngoko, uLeonid waya rhoqo kwi-antarctic enkcitho kwakamsinya nje akuva ngeqela elibekiweyo. Indoda eneminyaka engama-26 ubudala yathatha ugqirha kwi-6th soviet Antarctic. NgoDisemba 1960, iRogozov ifikile kwinqanawa "ye" ye-antarctica. Ukongeza kuxanduva lwazo, ugqirha kwafuneka afezekise umsebenzi womqhubi, i-meteorogist kunye nabanye. Emva kweeveki ezili-9, abathathi-nxaxheba bavula iSikhululo esitsha seArctic, ebizwa ngokuba yi-novolazarevskaya. Kuyo, abahlolili bophala bachitha ubusika bazo. Wahamba naye kunye ne-leonid ngemini enye engazange azive ingekho ngqiqweni.
Bona: Inyaniso malunga nobomi kwi-orbit: ukuba yi-cosmonaut ayikho konke konke
Ukunyanzelwa kwesifo okungalindelekanga
Ekuqaleni, ugqirha oselula wagula ngesisu, emva koko amaqondo obushushu anyukela, ubuthathaka obuqatha kunye nesicaphucaphu sabonakala. Emva kwexesha elithile, waqala ukuthuthumbisa iintlungu ezisekunene kwesisu. Ekubeni i-rogozov yayingugqirha ogqirha, waza wamisa kwangoko isifo - ukuhlaselwa kwesihlomelo. Waphinda ukuba abambe imisebenzi ukuze asuse iSihlomelo, ngoko ke wayeqonda ukuba yayingeyonyani kwimpucuko yempucuko. Ukongeza, i-leonid yayikuphela kogqirha phakathi kwezihlangu ezili-13.
URogozov wazama ukwenza ngaphandle kokungenelela konyango. Kule nto ke walala ukutya, wamisela ukhuko lakhe waza waqala ukusela amantshontsho. Amaqhinga onyango ahambahamba akamncedisi. Ugqirha waba mandundu yonke imihla.
Ukukhupha i-leonid evela kwi-novolazarevsation yexeshana lesikhululo seenqwelomoya akunakwenzeka. Esitratweni, i-blizzard enjalo yadlala ngaphandle, nokuba iphume kwisikhululo, amalungu ohambo esoyika. Ngolwandle, uncedo alunakuphuma ngaphambili kunentsuku ezingama-36. Kwakungekho xesha loRogozov. Umsebenzi kufuneka wenziwe ngokukhawuleza, kwaye uncede ulinde ndawo. Ukukhetha phakathi kobomi nokufa ku-Peritonitis, uLeonid ugqibe kwelona nqanaba lixhalaweyo - ukuzisebenzela.
Ngaphandle konkwantyo
URogozov kwafuneka anqumle isisu esiswini kwaye akhuphe amathumbu ngaphandle. Ngaba kunokwenzeka ngokomgaqo, ugqirha wotyando wayengazi. Ukusuka kumalungu ochwephesha, wafumana abancedisi abambalwa. Ukunceda i-rogozov kuvunyelwene i-meteorologist Alexander Artemyev kunye noMMebiehlo Hollinsky, owayenokugcina isipili ukuze abonakale kungcono ukuba abone indawo esebenzayo. Ihlala incinci-ukufumana imvume yabasemagunyeni eMoscow. Ngenxa yoku, u-Leonid uphuhlise isicwangciso sokusebenza kakuhle.Xa kufunyenwe isisombululo, ugqirha waqala ukulungiselela zonke izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ungenelelo lotyando. Abancedisi ababini uLoonid bachaza into oza kuyenza ngexesha lotyando nokuba ungaba njani ukuba ngequbuliso waphulukana nengqondo. Intloko yendlela ye-polar wacela ukuba ikwi-pumplo, ukuba ngequbuliso kukho into engahambanga kakuhle.
Yifunde: Iintsuku ezintathu phantsi kwamanzi kwisikhephe selanga. Imbali ebalaseleyo ye-coca ivuliwe iHarrison
Ukusebenza ngokungaqhelekanga
Ngaphambi kotyale, okwakufanele ukugqitha nge-30 ka-Epreli, ngo-1961, iRogozov ayilali ubusuku bonke. Kubonakala ngathi lo msebenzi awunakwenzeka, kodwa wayengenakubuya. Ukutsala zonke izixhobo, uLoonid wokugqibela uthethe kubancedisi kwaye balawulwa ngokobuqu ukuze banxibe iigloves zerabha zezandla ezibulalelweyo. Ukuncipha ngokwakho kwakufuneka kusebenze ngaphandle kwegloveve, kuba isifuba simvile lonke uphononongo kwaye kwakufuneka benze yonke indlela. Umsebenzi udlule ngaphandle kwe-anesthesia ukuze i-rogozov ingakhokelela kwinkqubo. Ukubhengezwa kwesisu esiswini ngokuthengwa kwe-novocaine, ugqirha ongugqirha waqalisa ukusebenza. Wayebonakala ukuba ahambe ngendlela ezenzekelayo yokusebenza. Isibakala sokuba yonke inkqubo yayinzima kakhulu kuye kwanikezelwa kuphela amathontsi aphuma ebunzini. Abancedisi bakaRogozov kamva bavuma ukuba ngexesha lokusebenza baphantse balahlekile, kodwa bazama ukubamba onke amandla akhe.
Okwalo mzuzu, xa uRogozov waphanga iSihlomelo esihle, izandla zakhe zaba njengerabha, kwaye ke ukunyathela kwentliziyo. Wayalela ukuba akwazi ukuqokelela kwaye anqumle inkqubo, awayefudula kuyo ukutyholwa. Emva koko, ugqirha utyando waqala ukuthunga okuphelisiweyo.
Umsebenzi uthathe malunga neeyure ezimbini, kodwa ngethamsanqa, iphele ngempumelelo. Nje ukuba yonke into iphele, i-rogozov yacela abancedisi ukuba bangene egumbini, kwaye yena ngokwakhe walala phantsi. Ukufumana kwakhona emva kotyando, uLeonid wathatha iiveki ezimbalwa. Ngenxa yokuwohloka kweemeko zemozulu, wayengenakufika esibhedlele. Iqela lonke kufuneka lifakwe kwisikhululo sePolar unyaka omnye.
Ikhaya
Ukubuyela eSoviet Union, ugqirha wotyando waba ligorha, igama lakhe lagcobhoza kwihlabathi liphela. URogozova, abaninzi xa kuthelekiswa neGagarin, ngeentsuku ezili-18 ngaphambi kokusebenza okhethekileyo kubantu abatyelele indawo. U-Lornid noYuri babeneminyaka omnye ubudala abazinikeleyo ukuba akukho mntu wenzayo phambi kwabo. Amanqaku kunye neencwadi ezibhale ngazo, kunye neefilimu ezifihlakeleyo.
Kwinto yakhe, i-leonid rogozov ifumene i-odolo yebhendi ebomvu yabasebenzi. Kuluhlu lwee-Arctic zokuthatha inxaxheba, akasamkelanga. URogozov wasebenza kumaziko onyango ahlukeneyo eLeningrad. Kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, wakhwela iSebe loNyango kwenye yeekliniki zedolophu. Ugqirha we-LeeGary wasweleka ngo-2000 avela kuMhlaza.
Bona kwakhona: Arne Chaenn Johnson. Ibali lomntu "otyhalela uMtyholi"
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