I-Gypsies - iipuzzle zembali ze-perter terter

I-gypsies ithi ngabantu abatyebileyo. Njengoko iintsomi zazo zixela, ezinye izizwe, uThixo wazimeleza kuphela amasuntswana omhlaba kuphela, kwaye amaGypies wanika ilizwe lonke. Kwaye inene, kunokwenzeka ukuba ifezekise abameli besizwe kuyo nayiphi na ikona yeplanethi yethu, kumazwe ahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo.

Yinto enjalo i-gypsies ebangela imibuzo kubaphandi, ngenxa yokuba imvume yemvelaphi yabantu eyimfuneko ukufumana iingcambu zakhe. Ukugcina inkcubeko yakho emangalisayo neqaqambileyo, abantu abane-gypsy bahlala yimfihlakalo, kodwa ayaziwa. Yintoni enokubalisa ibali leGypsies? Babengoobani izinyanya zabo? Kwaye izizwe ze-Gypsy ziphumelela njani kwihlabathi liphela?

I-Ethingm

Ukuqala kokwazi nabanye abantu kufuneka kuvavanye igama lakhe, kuba kunokubakho ezinye iinkalo zembali kunye nokwakha. Olona khetho lubalaseleyo lokuzingca lwegypsies yayiligama elithi "rum" okanye "iRoma".

Eyona nto inomdla, kuxhomekeke kwingingqi yokuphila, i-Naming inokutshintsha. Umzekelo, "Scrap" isetyenziswa eArmenia. Ngokutsho kweelwimi, ezi nkcazo ziya kunyuka ziye kwigama lase-Indo-European "d'Im", isandi sokuqala esinokuguqula ngexesha.

I-Albert Etofelt "iSpanish Gypsy"

Igama eliqhelekileyo "iRoma" livela okokuqala 'kubomi bukaSt George Apnsky ", ngawo umhla we-XI ngenkulungwane. Kulapho unokuliphawula igama elithi "i-ATISAN", elalisetyenziswa kwisizwe. Iguqulelwe ukusuka kwisiGrike, ibithetha ukuthi "iifolus". Isizathu sokuba isetyenziswe ngokuthe ngqo inkcazo-akunakwenzeka, kodwa igama elimiswe ngokuqinileyo kolu hlanga.

Ukuba uneelwimi zasemzini, ngesiNgesi ngokukodwa, ngokuqinisekileyo sele ukhumbule elinye igama leRoma. IBritane ibabiza ngokuba "yi-Geephe" - ngomxholo kunye namaYiputa. Umxholo onjalo ubonakalisa izimvo zakudala malunga ne-gypsies njengabafuduki abavela eYiputa.

Alois Shann "Inkampu Gypsy"

Imvelaphi yeGypsy

Kuba i-gypsy ayizukubhalela ixesha elide, kuphela iintsomi zaba bantu zifikelelwe ngalo mhla malunga nemvelaphi yayo. Kodwa izibakala, ewe, kancinci kakhulu, ke kuya kufuneka wakhe ii-hypotheses ezingakumbi. Kwi "Brockaus kunye ne-Efron", kuthiwa iGypsies ineengcambu zeIndiya, ezazisekwa ngabantu abaphandi kwi-XVII ikhulu.

Ezona zixhaphakileyo, ukuze zithethe "kwigosa", inqaku lokujonga izazinzulu zincitshiswa kwinto yokuba usuku lokuzalwa lwabafundi base-Indian of Gujasthan noRajasthan. Imfuyo ikwaqinisekisa le nguqulo, nangona kunjalo, kuyaphawuleka ukuba ukwahlula kwizizwe zaseIndoria kwenzekanga kungabikho nkulungwane ye-5 yeXesha lethu.

Ukufika kokuqala kweGypsies ngaphandle kweBern kwinkulungwane ye-XV

Kodwa kwenzeka njani kwaye ukuba kutheni izinyuko ze-gypies zigqibe kwelokuba zishiye umhlaba wazo? Le mibuzo, nditsho nababhali bembali abakwazi ukunika iimpendulo ezichanekileyo. Kukholelwa ukuba igumbi elincinci lamaIndiya langeniswa kumkani wasePersi.

Akunakwenzeka ukubangabakhupheli ukuba kwixa elizayo amaGypsies ahlulwe, kwaye enye inxenye yabo yaya kumazwe asePalestina, enye i-Egypt (Nantsi inkcazo yegama "DJIP"). Kwaye apha, ndincoma nokunxibelelana neyona datha ichanekileyo yanamhlanje-imfuza. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba ukuhlaliswa kweGypsies yayiqala ngendlela yokuqala, kuba ekuqaleni bamela ulwakhiwo ngokubanzi lwe-nhlangani apho bekukho ukungcola kwelinye ilizwe.

I-Gypsies kwiNtshona Yurophu

Intsimi yamazwe aseYurophu, iRoma yavela eByzantium. KuBukhosi baseByzantine, babaphatha ngendlela ekhethekileyo, babele eluntwini, kodwa oku bekungajolise ekuphuculeni amalungelo okanye onje.

Ukuchithwa kwamandla kwawo onamandla abuyiselwe i-roma yokufuna obona bomi. Omnye we-Europey waseYurophu weza nezinto ezingekho mhle, ubuqhophololo, izibongo kunye nabathakami, ezaphembelela isimo sengqondo esingalunganga sabantu baseYurophu ukuba bafanelwe.

Edwin ixesha elide "sups. Ukuphefumla kwegypsies ukusuka eSpain "

Ukuziphatha okungathandekiyo kwegypsies, ukuvela kwamaqula awo ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yengxaki yezoqoqosho kumazwe aseYurophu yajika iqela elikhethekileyo, elihlala libonakala ngathi likhanyisile). Kwangelo xesha, ucalucalulo olukhawulezileyo lwalujongwa.

Ababhali n. Bessonov kunye no-DEmeter kwincwadi yakhe ethi "Imbali yaseRoma. Inkangeleko entsha "ikhokelela kule datha ilandelayo:

EMoravia, iGypsies inqumle indlebe ekhohlo eBohemia. Kwi-ERCGERTETZOGENIA, i-Austrian yayikhetha ukuba i-brand kwaye njalo. Mhlawumbi ezona zinto zikhohlakeleyo ziguqukile ekubeni yi-ferichesm i prussian i prussian. Ngo-1725, wakuwisela umthetho wokufa kwaphela yonke into eyindoda nebhinqa eneminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo ubudala. "

Njengoko ubona, yayisele inoburharha bokuphuphuma komsindo wabantu. Nangona kunjalo, iRoma ikwazile ukuba iphile kwaye igcinwe-ayisiyiyo kuphela inkcubeko yawo, kodwa inkcubeko yoqobo, namhlanje iba banabantu abaninzi.

UJan van de ven "inkampani yeGypsy"

KwiMpuma Yurophu naseRussia

Kodwa ukuba eNtshona Yurophu, isimo sengqondo esingalunganga kwizizwe ezinesithukuthezi saqwalaselwa, emva koko abamelwane baseMpuma yaseYurophu babehlukile ngokupheleleyo. Apho, iigypsies ziziqondakalisile njengegcisa lobuchule, abamnyama, i-bugs.

Nditsho ne-Ottomans evale iYurophu, umgaqo-nkqubo othambileyo wabanjwa ngokunxulumene neRoma. I-ALOS, kwaye apha ayizixabisanga ngaphandle kokuba lube lusizi. Kwi-Moldavian kunye ne-voloc, ubuchule be-voloc, apho kusasazeka khona ubuKristu, bengqineka benxulumene negypsies. Babhengezwa ngamakhoboka kwaza kwazalwa.

I-William Bogro "iJeepsi (Gypsy) enengqongqo"

Ukubhengezwa kwe-1852 uthi:

I-monastery yeSt. Iqashiso lokuqala lamakhoboka eGypsy lithengiswa, nge-8 kaMeyi, ngo-1852, equka amadoda ali-18, amakhwenkwe ali-10, abafazi abayi-7 kunye namantombazana ama-3: Kwimeko enkulu.

Kuya kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kuBukhosi baseRussia ukuya eGypsies azange kube nolwalamano olungathandekiyo. AmaRussia, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ayalixabisa amandla e-gypsies ukukhathalela amahashe, iimpawu ezintle zabakhweli. Uninzi lwabameli baba bantu babhaliswa ngeeshelufa zamahashe. Nangona kunjalo, kwiirekhodi zombhali-mbali waseRussia S.M.SolovYov, utshilo ngokucacileyo: "Gypsy .... Bababala abantu kuyingozi ngenxa yokungafundanga nakwiindawo zazo ezifanayo ".

Amadoda kaTssaganian, oneminyaka eli-1890

Ewe kunjalo, i-gypies inelungelo lokukhubekisa ngenxa yokujonga okuphikisayo kwabantu babo. Ngelishwa, kunjalo kanye xa i "Spoon ifikile yibarrel ye-Möy pulli." Ngaphandle kwento yokuba phakathi kwegyppies namhlanje kukho abameli abathembekileyo, musa ukulibala ukuba abameli bala maqhina bavulekile, abanetalente emsebenzini wabo bakwazi ukugcina inkcubeko entle yokwenyani.