Iintsholongwane zezona zinto zininzi zebhayoloji kwiplanethi yethu. Inani leebacteriophas, ezikwabizwa njengeziqukwa - iintsholongwane, ezosulela iiseli zentsholongwane kunye nezinto zezinto ezimbi, ngamasuntswana eenzululwazi, ngamasuntswana angama-1031. Bachaphazela kakhulu indawo yentsholongwane, besebenza njengendawo ethe tyaba ekutsaleni i-verities verilings, iluncedo kwiindidi zentsholongwane.
Kumashumi eminyaka, abaphandi bafumana izimilo ezingafunekiyo njengoko babefuna, nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuvela kwe-meevimeyleyse yexabiso eliphezulu, kuyenzeka ukuba bafumane inani lezinto ezingazange zibonwe. Ngenxa yoko, ukufumanisa okungalindelekanga kukuba uninzi loqululelwano lwephage alunakulinganiswa nakweyiphi na i-chionomnonomy eyaziwayo esekwe yiKomiti yeHlabathi kwi-virus ye-virus tartonomy (ICTV).
Kuyaziwa ukuba amaziko achaphazela izinto ezahlukeneyo ze-ecosystem, kwaye anikwe ukubaluleka kokwenziwa nemisebenzi ye-microbiomal ye-microbioma yempilo, eyandayo ingqalelo yokuzinikela kwimigudu ehlala kulo mzimba. Ukungalingani kwi-Aggregate yeeBacteria kukhokelela kuphuhliso lwezifo ezininzi kunye namaNxweme amaninzi, anjenge-allergies kunye nokutyeba kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, besisazi kancinci malunga nendima enokuthi i-bacteria ye-bacteria kunye ne-bacteriophas zidlala kwimpilo nakwizifo zabantu.
Izazinzulu ezivela elabhoratri yonxibelelwano phakathi kwenginginya kunye ne-microbiota kwiZiko laseYurain kunye ne-United Kingingutications (e-United Kingdom), isebenzisa indlela ye-DNA yokulandelelana kwe-vioral ye-genames efunyenwe kwi Amazwe angama-28 awahlukeneyo kumazwekazi amathandathu (i-Afrika, i-Asia, iYurophu, eMpuma Melika, eMzantsi Melika nase-Oce Ontia Iziphumo zomsebenzi wabo ziboniswa kwimagazini yeseli.
Izazinzulu zifumanise i-142,809 ye-genomes yezixhobo ezihlala kumathumbu omntu, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha esakhe sadibana nabo ngaphambili. Umahluko wentsholongwane wajika waba selona nqanaba liphezulu lohlobo lwentsholongwane njengefemu. Kwangelo xesha, malunga ne-36% yamaqela entsholongwane awaphelelwanga kuhlobo olunye, ukudala imijelo yenethiwekhi phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-phylogenetinenetia.
Phakathi kwamashumi amawaka ee-nyosi, izazinzulu zichonge iseti entsha yeziqhinga ezineempawu ezifana ne-bactetage ye-rasphage, ezifunyenwe ngonyaka wamazwe amaninzi. Eli qela lisulele i-anaerobia engalunganga ye-ANAEROBIC yeBacteria yeBacteria ye-Bacterodace yoSapho yabizwa ngokuba yiGubfag. Kwaye, ngokweengcali, yena kunye nerasikiji - oqhelekileyo.
"Saye saphawula ukwahlukana ngokucacileyo phakathi kweentsomi zaseMntla Melika, eYurophu naseAsia nakwiiSamampu ezivela e-Afrika naseMzantsi Merika. Into ebangela umdla, iipateni ze-fagiomama (iseti yolandelelwano lwayo yonke imitha yephage kwisampulu. - Ref. Ed.) Ukudityaniswa kwahlukaniswa kwendlela yomntu. Kwaye izigaba ezifunyenwe kwiisampulu zedolophu zazijolise kwi-bacteroids, kodwa hayi kwi-bacteria yosapho lwaseProvotellaceA, e-Tanzania, i-fiji yase-piji, i-fiji ye-fiji ye-Provotellaides, "izazinzulu uxelelwe.
Ngokutsho kwabo, ikhathalogu elikumgangatho ophezulu ophakathi lwezikhundla ziya kuphucula izifundo zeVisus - i-virus ye-microbiomal ye-microbiomal ye-microbiomal-kwaye iya kwenza ukuba ihlaziywe indalo kunye nendaleko ye-bacteriollizal backtelizal.
"Imele ukhunjulwe ukuba ayizizo zonke iintsholongwane eziyingozi: zizinto ezibalulekileyo zendalo ye-ecossel. Uninzi lweentsholongwane esizityhilayo ukuba zine-DNA njengempahla yemvelo, oko kukuthi, yahlukile kwii-pathovs ezaziwayo, ezinjenge-Coronavirus Sars-2 okanye intsholongwane ye-chika, eyintsholongwane ye-7 okanye intsholongwane ye-china. Okwesibini, iisampulu zethu zafunyanwa ikakhulu zivela kubantu abasempilweni abangenazifo ezithile, "utshilo uGqr. Alexander Almeida, omnye wababhali bophononongo.
Umthombo: Inzululwazi yezeSwaziya