Ekuqaleni kukaFebruwari, i-Deutsche Bank eyabelwe i-192,5 yezigidi ukuya kwiibhanki ezimbini ze-Uzbek - i-XALQ Bank kunye ne-ASAKAKA.
Inomdla, nangona kunjalo, isenokungabi sisiqu ngokwaso, kodwa loo magqabazo apho ibhanki yaseJamani ibonelela ngesisombululo sayo:
I-KHrushchev, Gorbachev, KosyeginKe ngoko, imali mboleko yangoku ye-Uzbek i-Uzbek Banks iqhubela phambili kwimbali yezopolitiko ende, eyaqala ngo-2016, xa uMongameli wase-Uzbekistan I-Alimov ifile, phambi kwenkulumbuso yelizwe , nangaphambi koko - iHookim (iRhuluneli) yengingqi yamamakhasi. Utata woMongameli wangoku wayengugqirha kunye nentloko ye-Tuberculosis yesiqhelo, iNtloko yeLizwe yi-Teeters iZiko lezoLimo kunye nokuSebenza kweSoviet, apho waba ngumnxibelelanisi Unjingalwazi kunye ne-Vice-Relint Reant Umsebenzi wemfundo. Kwezopolitiko, intloko yexesha elizayo karhulumente yahamba kuphela emva ko-1990.
IBhodi yeShavkit Midziyev iqale ngokuthelekisa i-khrushchev, kunye ne-gortistroika ye-gorbachev. Kunzima ukuxelela ngotshintsho ngokufutshane, njengoko begubungela bonke amanqanaba obomi-ukusuka kwinkululeko yamabanjwa ezopolitiko, ukusuka kwinkululeko yamabanjwa entolongweni ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kweenkonzo ze-elektroniki, ukutshintsha kweposi, ukhathalelo lweposi, ukhathalelo lweposi kunye nomkhosi. Ngendlela, ukuguqulelwa kolwimi lwase-Uzbek ukuya kwisiLatin. Uthuli lotshintsho lweShavkat Mirziyev yavavanywa nale "mbongo wangaphandle" njengoMongameli waseBhululu Alexander Lukankonse, ekuqaleni wayethetha malunga ne-Uzbek yakhe:
Owayesakuba nguMongameli weKyrgyzstan oscar akayev kolunye udliwanondlebe lweShokolkat Midziyev:
I-Akayev yada yatsho uMongameli Mirziyev:
Susa i-cotton ngaphandle kwabongikaziKwizolimo zeRiphabhlikhi, yaqala ukuyeka intsalela yeSoviet (kwaye kwangaxeshanye se-odolo, eyayikuthi lonke ilizwe lafunyanwa ngurhulumente, abaqeshisi abafunyanwa kuye I-odolo yokubonelela ngemiqulu ethile yekotoni kunye nengqolowa, kwaye uninzi lwabemi, kubandakanya abantwana, ngokunyanzelwa ukuba bacoceke umkomko. Umsebenzi onyanzelekileyo wabangela izikhalazo zamanye amazwe, nkqu nenzame ye-Uzbek Cotton yenziwa eNtshona, kodwa ngoku ukusetyenziswa kwabasebenzi, kodwa ngoku ukusetyenziswa kombutho we-CoTTON, kwiNdibano yeCotton ngo-2020 kuye kwasebenza ngokukhululekileyo, Iseti yenkqubo yabafundi, ootitshala, oogqirha nabongikazi bayeka, isabelo sabakhi be-Cotton banyanzelwa ukuba basebenze yayingama-33% asezantsi ku-2019.
Kwangelo xesha, ukuthengwa komhlaba ngasese kwavunyelwa ekugqibeleni eUzbekistan. Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwi-2020 kwiRiphabhlikhi Inkqubo ye-odolo karhulumente yarhoxiswa okokuqala. Ngoku amafama afumene ithuba lokuthengisa iimveliso apho bafuna, kodwa ayisoloko ithetha inkululeko yamafama, kuba izifundo ezitsha zavela kwicandelo lezolimo lelizwe - zibizwa njalo. "Amaqela", eneneni ngokomsebenzi, eyakhiwe ngeenxa zonke amashishini okulungisa (ngokukodwa, amaqela e-cotton ajikeleze ukudibanisa okubhaliweyo). Inxalenye yomlimi waya kwiqela, kwaye kwezinye iindawo akukho ndawo yabelimi ekuphenduleni izivumelwano zokungenela amaqela, kuba ngokwenene bathengisa iimveliso zezolimo.
Iyonke inkululekoEnye indlela okanye enye, uqoqosho luya kufikelela kwizitroli ezingaphezulu. Ngo-Okthobha 2020, uMongameli wase-Uzbekistan watyikitya umthetho ngokukhawulezileyo wabucala, kwaye inani lee-asethi ezingama-62 ezichaphazelekayo zibandakanya imibutho yoluntu, iinkampani zeoyile ezi-2, izityalo ezi-2, njl. Kwakukho umyalezo wokuba iphakheji yezabelo ye-tashker semiconductor "i-Photon" ifuna ukunika abatyali-mntwana iRussia.
Kukho utshintsho lwerhafu yexesha elide; Amaxabiso erhafu sele encitshisiwe: Irhafu yengeniso-ukusuka kwi-14% ukuya kwi-12%, ukusukela kwi-5%, abasemagunyeni bayishiyile i-NDFL eqhubayo kwaye bazise i-12%, enye Intlawulo yentlalo yawa kwi-25% ukuya kwi-12%.
Ekugqibeleni, u-Uzbekistan waqala ukuvula uqoqosho lwayo. Kumphambili we-cephlomatic, ubudlelwane kunye nabamelwane abakufutshane baphuculwa. U-Uzbekistan wangena njengombukeli kwi-EEEU. Imakethi yemali yabhaliswa ngokusemthethweni (ngaphambi kwemali yentengiso yathengwa kweli lizwe kuphela "ukusuka phantsi komgangatho"), inani lalivunyelwe ukuba liphume phesheya ngaphandle kwe-visa. Izithintelo kunye nokuzonwabisa kurhwebo lwangaphandle kwarhoxiswa. Abacebisi abavela eJamani, iTurkey, eMzantsi Korea bamenyelwa kurhulumente; Ngokuhambelana, iingxoxo zaqala ukubatyabanimali abakhulu.
Zithini iziphumo zoqoqosho kwazo zonke ezi tshintsho?
Ubuncinci, amanani ophuhliso loqoqosho abonisa ukuba kule minyaka idlulileyo, u-Uzbekistan yilizwe elikhula ngokukhawuleza.
Ukunyuka kwe-GDP,%
Country 2017 2018 2019 Uzbekistan 4.5 5.5 5.6 Kazakhstan 4.1 4.1 4.5 Russia 1.8 2.5 1.3 Ukraine 2.5 3.4 3.2 Georgia 4.8 4, 9 5.0 Belarus 2.5 3.1 1.2Umthombo: IBhanki yeHlabathi
Kwisalathiso sombane seshishini leBhanki yeBhanki kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo, u-Uzbekistan uphume kwi-85 yendawo ye-69th. Ekupheleni kuka-2019, iphephancwadi le-Economist yavuma iUzbekistan yonyaka, ebonisa ukuba ilizwe eliphakathi laseAsia lenze i "MOPRE-WEAPER-WEPE-IXESHA LOKUGQIBELA LWEZOBUCHULE BENKONZO YABADALA KWI-DOVIT YOBUCHULE BOKUGQIBELA Uhlanga oluncinci ludityaniswa ngokukhawuleza kuqoqosho lwehlabathi. "
Ukufunyanwa kwemarike ngokwemvelo kukhokelele ukwanda kokungenisa elizweni, kuba kude kube ku-2017, i-Uzbekistan, amanyathelo ohlukeneyo amaxabiso, okhuselene nentengiso yasekhaya, engaphezulu kwamawaka angaphezu kwamawaka ama-3 eempahla. Emva kokuba izithintelo zaqalisa ukususwa, ivolumu yeminyaka emi-3 (ka-2017 ukuya ku-9) inyuke ukusuka kwi-12 yezigidi zeedola ezili-12 (ngenxa yenkululeko ye-4 yeebhiliyoni (ngaphandle ngenxa yenkululeko yorhwebo lwangaphandle nayo inyuke, kodwa ingeyiyo yona Iibhiliyoni ezili-15). Ngokwebhanki ye-Uzbek Central, ngo-2018 ukuya ku-2010. Isabelo seminye amazwe ekusebenziseni i-Cumulative Pemite Rite ukusuka kwi-48% ukuya kwi-63%. Ukusuka kwinkululeko yenkululeko ye-Uzbek, ngendlela, iRussia, iphumelele iRussia, malunga ne-RAS3 yezigidi-malunga nonyaka ongaphandle, kwaye u-Uzbekistan wangena Abathengi abane abakhulu kwi-oyile yelanga laseRussia (kunye ne-china, i-turkey kunye ne-India).
Kwangelo xesha, i-boom yetyala yaqala elizweni, echaza imfuneko yokufumana imali yokungenisa elizweni. Kungenxa yoko le nto iibhanki ze-Uzbek nazo zibhenelwe kwimali kwiBhanki yaseDeutsche.
U-Uzbek uMlawuli-ukulandela i-RuspurPart yeRussia-nayo yaqala ukucinga ngengxaki yokukhula komthwalo wabemi. Ingakumbi kuba utshintsho lwentengiso lubandakanya ukungathandeki kwabemi abaqhelekileyo, njengokupheliswa kweenkxaso-mali zikarhulumente kwiimveliso eziyimfuneko - isonka kunye neoyile yomqhaphu.
Funa imaliUkukhula ukubolekisa, imfuneko yokuhlengahlengiswa kwezemali inyuse imfuno yelizwe lemali mboleko yangaphandle-kwaye iluncedo kakhulu ekuphuculeni igama lika-Uzbekistan emehlweni emibutho yamazwe kunye neebhanki. NgoNovemba ka-2017, i-ofisi ye-Ebd yavulwa eTashkent, enikezwe kwangoko ilizwe lezigidi ezingama-120 lezigidi ezili-573, iBhanki ye-Asia, iBhanki yeHlabathi, iBhanki yeHlabathi ngo-2010 ivunyiwe imali yemali ye- $ 500 yezigidi . i-European Union wadalwa. uncedo lwezoQoqosho ku Uzbekistan nekomkhulu million 168 kowethu, ngenxa apho ngezimali iiprojekthi ezidibeneyo 25 mboni, ushishino, uphuhliso lwezentlalo, imfundo, imvelo kunye nokhenketho yenziwa. Ngoku i-Uzbekistan kunye neBhanki yeHlabathi ziphuhlisa inkqubo yentsebenziswano kude kube ngu-2026. Ukongeza, kulo nyaka uphelileyo u-Uzbekistan wafumana ngaphezulu kwe- $ 1 yezigidi zeemali mboleko kwiBhanki yeHlabathi, iBhanki yoPhuhliso yaseAsia kunye neNgxowa-mali yeMidlalo yamaNqaku kwi-Coronavirus.
Yonke le nto ikhokelwa ngokucacileyo kwinto yokuba ilizwe laqala ukwandisa ityala langaphandle. Ukusukela ngo-2017 ukuya ku-Okthobha 1, 2020, ityala elingaphandle lelizwe liphantse laphindwa kabini, linyuke ukusuka kwi-17 bhiliyoni ye- $ 29 yezigidigidi-ikakhulu ngenxa yetyala le-GDP. Kwangelo xesha, ityala loluntu nge-2020 linyuke ukusuka kwi-29% ukuya kwi-36% ye-GDP. Uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwelo lizwe luyimpazamo- kwaye intsilelo igcinwa kwinqanaba le-4% ye-GDP.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-Uzbek i-Uzbek ineemali ezigciniweyo, kwaye kufanelekile ukuba ithemba ukuba ilizwe loyise zonke iingxaki. I-pandemic ifikile i-Uzbekisinan kunye nayo yonke: Amaqondo okukhula kwe-GDP, aqikelelwa yi-Econostries, wawela kwi-0.7% ngo-2020. Kodwa kukho ithemba lokuba uvavanyo lwe-Uzbek luya kuba sisikhumbuzo nakwamanye amazwe ehlabathi malunga nemfuno yotshintsho.
Ithunyelwe ngu: Konstantin Frumkin