Ulwazi malunga nokuba unamathele ngokunzulu kangakanani na womaleko womhlaba ubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ngakumbi ngokwakhiwa. Cinga ngendlela elixabiso elixhomekeke ngayo, kunye nobungqingqwa bomhlaba wokukhupha umhlaba kwizibane eziphakathi.
Buyintoni ubunzulu beprinta yomhlaba?
Ubunzulu be-primer yomhlaba (i-GPG efinyeziweyo) yiparamitha ebonisa inqanaba lokuqalisa komhlaba ebusika. Kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi kwaye zisekwe kwixesha elide lommandla othile. Ubunzulu apho amaqondo obushushu omhlaba aphuma ngaphezulu kwe-zero ye-zerorees, ithathwa njengendawo yokubulala umhlaba.
Inyaniso enomdla: Kumaqondo obushushu aqaqambileyo, ayizikhululi umhlaba, kunye nokufuma (amanzi aphantsi komhlaba), equlathwe kuwo. Ukujika kulwelo lube kwimeko eqinileyo, inyuka kwisixa-mali nge-10-16%, ethi icaphukise ingozi kwizinto zokwakha - umhlaba.
Ezona zinto ziphambili ezichaphazela i-GPG:
- uhlobo lomhlaba;
- ubushushu bomoya;
- inqanaba lamanzi phantsi komhlaba;
- ubukho bezityalo;
- Ubukhulu becala lekhephu.
Iindidi ezininzi ezisisiseko zomhlaba zizinto ezodwa, kuba nganye nganye ichazwa ngolungelelwano olukhethekileyo:
- Isanti enkulu - 0.3;
- I-Bulk Sands, Sandy - 0.28;
- Umhlaba ovuthayo - 0.34;
- Udongwe kunye ne-chelinki - 0.23.
Elona phulelo kunye nezityalo kuloo ndawo, umhlaba ungaphantsi kwawo. Inciphise i-GPG phantsi kwezakhiwo ezishushu ebusika.
Ubala?
I-GPG yemimandla eyahlukeneyo ithathwa njengexabiso eliqhelekileyo kwaye ngaphambili ichazwe kuxwebhu. Nangona kunjalo, ingabalwa yiFomula: DF = D0 + √MT, apho i-DF inobunzulu be-flezing, d0 ngumhlaba ohambelana nobushushu obuphakathi kwenyanga. Le fomula ikuvumela ukuba ufumane i-GPG ngaphandle kokuthatha ingqalelo izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokubakho kumphezulu.
Kule, ifomula eneparameter eyongezelelweyo - kh isetyenziswa. Lo ngumlinganiso osekwe kwiinkalo zesakhiwo kunye nobushushu bemihla ngemihla kuyo. Ifomula ifumana le fomu ilandelayo kwaye ibonisa ubunzulu obuqikelelwayo bokukhululeka: i-DF = D0 + √Mt X Kh.
Ngexesha lokuchazwa kwenkcazo ye-GPG elawulayo ye-GPG yendawo yenziwa iminyaka eli-10 ubuncinci. Kwangelo xesha, izinto ezongeziweyo azithathelwa ingqalelo. Ubunzulu bokwenyani bokwenyani buhlala buhluke kulawulo ngama-20-50%. Ke ngoko, kwangoko ngaphambi kwayo nayiphi na imisebenzi, igqitywe ngokubonakalayo okanye isebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo.
I-murlotomer yityhubhu ene-hose ngaphakathi, izaliswe ngamanzi, kunye nemakethi yesentimitha. Isixhobo sintywiliselwa emhlabeni ngobunzulu bomgaqo kwaye sihambe apho iiyure ezili-12. Inqanaba lomkhenkce likuvumela ukuba utye izigqibo malunga nobungqingqwa bomaleko.
Ubunzulu bokukhululwa komhlaba nguMmandla
Kuba iRussia ikwindawo ezininzi zemozulu ephakathi kubushushu obuqhelekileyo bonyaka, imihlaba, izikhombisi ze-GPG zahluke kakhulu kwingingqi ukuya kwingingqi. Imeko eguqukayo iphela yile paramitha ikhula ukusuka kwintshona ukuya empuma.
Ngokwemigaqo, ubuncinci bobuqili bokuqhutywa kwezixeko ezinjengeSochi, i-SMPOOPL, iRostov-kwi-On-On-I-CM. . - ukusuka cm 200 ukuya 270.
Ngokuphathelele umtya ophakathi, imodareyithi yelizwe eliqhelekileyo elinenombolo enkulu yekhephu, iqabaka eliphakathi, izityalo zehlathi zibangela i-GPG encinci. Kuyahluka ngaphakathi 80-150 cm Umzekelo: Moscow - 140 cm, Eagle - 130 cm, Penza - 120 cm, Voronezh - 130 cm..
Isitena seSitishi: https: //pkmu.ru/. Bhalisa, Beka intliziyo, shiya izimvo!