"UAlice kwi-Mactland" Lewis Carroll kuba impapasho yalo yokuqala ngo-1865 kwaye ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje idlulisela ilizwe lakhe kwaye i-habbing iqhubeka ijikeleze kwenye indawo kunye ne-Cheshire Cat Grins. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu oyaziyo ukuba uAlice akasosiqhamo esifanelekileyo sombhali waseSityhilelo, kodwa i-Alice Liddell yenene elihlala kufutshane. Nguye owaphefumlela i-Carroll ukuba "athumele" ngqo kwi-rabo yomvundla ekukhangeleni i-adventures.
Adme.ru bagqiba kwelokuba bafumanise ukuba kwenzeka njani nale ngqoko kwaye ubomi bakhe babugcwele kunye nobomi boqhawekazi oluhle.
Ukuqhelana ne-fiete yentsapho yeLiddelov kunye ne-4-o-o-o-olie eneminyaka emi-4 kunye noCharles Dodzhson
Ngo-1852, intombazana uAlice yavela kusapho lwePhilologist Philologist henry liiddell. Wayengumntwana we-4 kwabafundi abayi-10. Ayibalwanga ukuba iphoswe yintsapho enkulu. Oodade boLorin kunye no-Edith ngovuyo babalelwa kwi-Insouritive Alice kwimingxunya yabantwana bakhe. Ukongeza, i-Oxford, apho usapho olukhulu luye lwahamba ngo-1856, lwazisa ii-liddelons zokuqhelana noCharles oneminyaka engama-24 Dodzhys, oza kwaziwa kwihlabathi njenge-lewis carroll. Ubuhlobo baqala ngo-Epreli 25, 1856, xa usapho lwalufumana i-lewis yokufota i-cat'dratural. I-Liddell yabelane ngomdla wobugcisa obutsha kubugcisa obubemi ngelo xesha kwaye kungekudala bacela ukuba basebenze kuqala kwimifanekiso yokuqala yosapho kwaye, ngakumbi, obengumntwana wefoto. Ukongeza, wayenomkhwa onomtsalane wokunciphisa i-chin kwaye ujonge kwigumbi elingaphantsi kweshishini, kanye njengePrincess Daiana.
UAlice Liddell kumfanekiso webhentshi. Ifoto lewis carroll.
UAlice noodade wabo bachitha ixesha elininzi kunye noLewis, ekoneni ebandleni baziva ngathi yintlanzi emanzini. Baye kwiMyuziyam yeYunivesithi kunye, eyayiyindawo eyintombazana eyithandayo yentombazana, eyanelisekileyo i-piksics emlanjeni. Emva kwexesha, uAlice ukhumbula oku: "Xa saya emlanjeni kunye noMnumy Carrororororororororororororororororororororororor, wayesoloko esiza nebhasikithi ezele ngamaqebengwana ezele ziikeyiki. Ngamanye amaxesha siye sahamba imini yonke kwaye sathatha ibhasikithi enkulu ngesidlo sasemini: inkukhu, isaladi kunye nezinye izinto ezilungileyo. "
UAlice (ngasekunene) noodade wabo uEdith noLorina.
UAlice nodadewabo bathanda ukuchitha ixesha ne-lewis, kuba umntu omdala unokufunda ukonwabisa kakhulu. Kwaye yintoni enye efuna ukuba kwenziwe ingqondo yabantwana?
Njengentombazana eneminyaka eli-10 ubudala yaba li-alice kwi-Maliceland
Nge-4 kaJulayi, nge-1862, ngexesha lesikhephe i-Alice Lippdell yacela umhlobo wakhe ukuba axelele elinye ibali, apho kuya kubakho zonke iintlobo zentsebenzo. ULewis wavuma kwaye waxelela oodade malunga ne-adventures intombazana encinci kwilizwe elingaphantsi komhlaba, apho wawela ithuba, engaphumelelanga kwi-rabit nora. Umlinganiswa ophambili ka-Alisa obizwa ngokuba yiAlice, kwaye wakhumbuza kakhulu kakhulu i-prototype yakhe: i-sthbloed efanayo, enomdla kwaye yakhula ngeminyaka. Intombazana eneminyaka eli-10 ubudala yayivuyela ukuba umlinganiswa uyamcaphukisa igama lakhe, acela umntu ukuba abhale umgca waxelwa nguye. Kungekudala emva kokuhamba kwamantombazana kwisikhephe kwiCarroring, usapho lweLiddelov lwayeka ukunxibelelana nomhlobo wosapho. Nangona kunjalo, emva kwethuba, wanika uAlice lo mbhalo webali, owayenomxholo othi "Ukufika kwe-Alice phantsi komhlaba" kwaye, ukongeza, kuhonjiswe ngemizobo yayo. Sisipho seLewis kunye nemyuziyam yakhe kwiKrisimesi 1864.
Inxalenye yombhalo obhaliweyo.
Ngo-1865, uLewis Carrol wapapasha incwadi phantsi kwesihloko esahlukileyo - "I-Alice's Advents kwi-Mattland." Ke intombazana ka-Alice yayivuselela italente yakhe yokubhala kwimathematics kwaye yaba yi-prototype ye-heroine, abantwana kunye nabantu abadala kunye nabantu abadala baqala ukufunda amahebula aqala ukufunda amahebula aqala ukufunda amahekedi ahlukeneyo. Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele njani kwincwadi epapashiweyo uAlice ngaphandle, ayifani ne-prototype yakhe, ukusukela xa wadala imizekeliso, umzobi uJohn tennel wasebenzisa intombazana eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo njengemodeli.
Emva kokuba le ncwadi ibhaliwe nguAlice, Lewis ayizange ingene nosapho. Xa wayejamelene nentombazana esele evuthiweyo, umbhali waphawulwa kwidayari yakhe, ukuba wakuvuyela ukubona imyuziyam yakhe, kodwa wayeziva ngathi ayilungile.
UAlice wayenokuba yinqanawa ekhethekileyo
Ngelixa amanyala amahle amaphepha encwadi ehamba neli lizwe leMlingo, oyintombazana yakhe iPrototype Alice eneminyaka eli-19, kunye noodade wabo, uEdith noLori u-Eurlina waya kwidayari enkulu yengoma kwaye Imizobo ebonakalayo. Phantsi koqeqesho lombhali wembali yesiNgesi ekhokelayo uJohn Riskina, wayepeyinta.
UAlice oneminyaka engama-20 ubudala.
Ngokobukhulu beAlice vanessa tate, intombazana kamama yayifuna uAlice, kanye kanye ezona zintle zentombi, watshata nenkosana. Abaviwa abaseleyo babengalunganga ngokwaneleyo ngo-Thire. Ngendlela, ukuze ube li-Alice ekhethekileyo yasebukhosini kwaye ngenene. Kuthiwa ngexesha elinye emva kwakhe labethwa ngunyana omncinci kaKumkanikazi uVictoria Leopold. Nangona kunjalo, i-tale ihleli ixesha elide, kwaye kungekudala uLeolopold watshata nenkosazana yaseJamani.
UAlice kwi "Worightland, Esokugqibela yaba yinto yokwenene"
Isakhelo esivela kwifilimu "Alice enomdla" (2010).
Ekupheleni kukaSeptemba 15, 1880, uAlice oneminyaka engama-28 ubudala atshatileyo, ngokuchasene nolindelo lwabazali, kunye nonyango lwaseReginald Hargrivs. Amaqabane okutsha enziwe kwindawo yelizwe kwi-hapsshire. Kwiileta zakhe, umyeni wakhe walibiza indlu ethi "Ummangaliso, Owusenzeka kwiAlice" kwaye uhlala wabhalisa "njengomfazi wakho onothando." Umama wanika imfundo i-Alice, ngoko ke kwakungekho ngxaki nolwazi lwekhaya. Ukongeza, ukulahlwa kwayo kwaba baninzi abakhonzi. UNkskz Hargrivs wayebandakanyeke ekucwangciseni iibhola, eqhubeka nokuzoba kwaye ebandakanyeke emthini. E-Alices Loace yayingengomfazi onamanzi kuphela, kodwa kwakhona wakhokelela uBomi obusebenzayo bentlalontle, thatha isithuba soMongameli wokuqala weziko labasetyhini. UHargrivs wayenoonyana abathathu. Okwesibini kuthiwa nguLeopold, ngokuthe ngqo njenge-rabs paychager alice. Ngendlela, yayiyintombazana yakhe yacela ukuba abe nguKumkani kathixo. Ewe, inkosana ngokwayo intombi yakhe yokuqala ibizwanga ngenye indlela njengeAlice. Unyana wesithathu waseHardrivs wafumana igama leCaryl. Into ikhumbuza, akunjalo?
Prince Leopold kunye nentombi uAlice.
UAlice wayengumama onamandla kwaye ongqongqo: Unqabile ukuba mncinci u-Caryl ongumsebenzi wepiyano, owayengamvumelanga omnye umntu ukuba angenelele ngetafile yokutyela, ngenxa yokuba uMtshakazi wakhe wayenguMfazi wakhe. Ngomhlobo kanye osondeleyo, uLewis Carroll Alisha ngamanye amaxesha axhase unxibelelwano. Ngo-Matshi 1885, kwenye yeeleta, umbhali one-Nostalgia ukhunjulwe, ongumhlobo omncinci ofanelekileyo "uNksk. Hargrivs. Okokugqibela uAlice wadibana naye ngo-1891, xa, kunye noodadewabo, wayetyelele indoda e-Oxford.
UAlice uthengise umbhalo obhaliweyo wanikela kwi-Corroll yakhe ukuze ahlawule amatyala
Bephulukene noonyana abadala baka-Alan noLeolopool, emva koko umyeni wakhe, uAlice, ukuba ahlawule amatyala asezigqiboni, ukuba nencwadi ebhalwe ngesandla ye-Alice phantsi kweKarroll. Ngo-1928, le ncwadi yathengiswa kumthengisi waseMelika nge- £ 15 400. Kuphela unyana wakhe osindileyo u-Alice owayesele ekhulile wawungafuni ukuyeka komnye umfazi ekumsebenzini. Ngapha koko, okhethwe ngumhlolokazi wabantwana abadala abathathu. Enye indlela okanye omnye, watshata, kwaye kungekudala umzukulwana kaNkskz Hargrivs, ongu-Alice Balice, owondla iswekile yeswekile. Emva kwexesha, intombazana echukumisekayo yamkhumbula umakhulu wakhe njengexhego elimnyama, laxabela inkukhu kwityhubhu. Inkazana esele ikhulile ngamanye amaxesha yakhalaza kuNyana wakhe ukuba wayediniwe kukungalindeli kwilizwe lemimangaliso. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-1932, kwinkulungwane yokuzalwa kukaCarroll, yena, ngexesha lomhlolokazi oneminyaka engama-80 ubudala, kwinkampani noodadewabo noodadewabo basiya eNew York kwiYunivesithi yaseColumbia ukuze afumane uncwadi . Ngokoluvo lwayo, uhambo lwayo lwaza lwaza lwaza luphawuleka njenge "Ladveres zalo".
Kwiminyaka engama-82 ubudala, i-prototype ye-herogram ye-goobub yayingazange ibe, kodwa uAlice Liddell waba ngonaphakade embalini njengentombazana eyandisiweyo eyawa kwi-rabit nora.
Yintoni ekubethelele kwibali lika-Alice? Ngaba uyifundile incwadi le-lewis carrolla okanye mhlawumbi ubukele enye yezihlangu zentsomi edumileyo?