Inkqubo yokuzikhusela i-anti-air (ukhuseleko lomoya) lwelizwe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokhuseleko lwayo. Kodwa kubaluleke kangakanani eli candelo kwaye luqina kangakanani eRussia namhlanje, uya kufunda kwinqaku.
Ukubaluleka kokhuselo lwelizwe lomoya kwihlabathi lanamhlanje
Kule minyaka ingama-30 idlulileyo, iimpikiswano ezininzi zenzekile emhlabeni, apho apho imikhosi yase-US kunye namanye amazwe e-US kwaye amanye amazwe aseNato aphinda ajongane namazwe aMoses engafunekiyo. Kuzo zonke ezi mbambano, ukubetha emoyeni kudlale indima yokuthatha isigqibo. Kwangelo xesha, i-Free-Feller kunye neebhombu zomoya ezilungisiweyo zasetyenziswa, kunye neerobhothi ezinamaphiko aphezulu, ezisungulwe iinqwelomoya kunye neenqwelomoya.Izinto zokugreyitha zazingezomkhosi kuphela kwaye zikarhulumente, kodwa nazo
- Ekhaya apho iintsapho zelizwe nezomkhosi zala mazwe zihlala;
- amashishini omkhosi namagosa asemkhosini kunye namaziko ophuhliso loluntu, anjengeebhulorho;
- Izityalo zamandla;
- njl.
Ukoyiswa kwelizwe kukhokelele ekutshintsheni kobunkokeli bakhe kwaye kutshiwo imigaqo-nkqubo kwi-United States ethembekileyo. Unobangela woyiswa kuzo zonke iimeko yayibuthathaka kukhuselo lomoya kumaxhoba oluhlaselo.
Umgaqo wokwakha ukuzikhusela komoya kwi-USSR
Kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje, ubukho be-USSR zakhiwe ikhuselwe kwi-ofisi ezininzi (oko kukuthi, inkqubo yenqanaba lamanqanaba) I-Ambrella echasene ne-assied anti esenzayo echazayo.
Ngokufutshane kakhulu kwaye kusenze lula, qwalasela le nkqubo yokwakha ukhuseleko lomoya waseSoviet.
Izikhululo zeradir ezinamandla zifumene iinqanawa zomphezulu kunye neethagethi zomoya zisengaphaya komphezulu, amawaka eekhilomitha ezivela kwimida yethu. Kwimeko yokusondela okuyingozi kwenqwelomoya kunye neenqanawa, amanyathelo angexesha kuthathwe kwimida yethu. Ukudibana neenqwelomoya ezinokubangela i-fabhu ye-finsers ezinokubaleka nge-ensight-Istittors ukuba zidibane nazo kwiindlela ezikude.
I-Violatotor Airplanes, iqhekezwe kwindawo yeSoviet Airsoce, yawela kwindawo yokusebenza engeyiyo kuphela yenqwelo moya, kodwa nakwinkqubo yokulwa neenqwelo moya kunye ne-radius yesenzo esimalunga ne-200 km.
Inqwelo moya yotshaba elalikwazile ukusondela kwiinjongo zabo iikhilomitha ezimbalwa, zadibana nomlilo weenkqubo ze-anti-moya.
Ukongeza, ukhuseleko olufutshane lwezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kufutshane nabo, i-cannon okanye i-rocket kunye ne-rocker kunye ne-cannon supers "i-Cannoe" ibekwe, ikwazi ukubhunga abahlaseli benqwelomoya, ihelikoptas kunye neeroshe ezinamaphiko.
Ukhuselo lomoya kwiRussia yanamhlanje
Kungekudala emva kokuwa kwemikhosi exhobileyo yeSoviet, uninzi lwazo zonke iindawo zokhuselo loMoya zayekiswa: Inani lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya, inani lemikhosi ye-fighter, izikhululo ze-radar, i-anti-i-anti-i-anti-i-anti-ad-i-anti-moya eneenqwelomoya zancipha amaxesha ngamaxesha.
Isimilo esisigxina se-anti-sengqele i-Antiscraft Sporiles C-75, C-200 kunye ne-C-300pt isuswe emsebenzini.
Kwindawo eshiyekileyo i-100ights, uninzi lwazo alukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wokulwa.
Inkqubo yokhuselo enye iphela ukubakho. Ukuzikhusela komoya we-terrestrial terrestrial kwi-Russian Federation Namhlanje iphantsi kwaye ibonakale inkanuko yebala ngalinye kwimephu. Kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi ziinkqubo ze-anti-moya ye-antile ye-echelon ye-echelon enye.
Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo intsimi enye yendawo yokujonga i-radar yabuyiselwa kwiindawo ezikuyo imida yethu kuzo zonke iindlela.
Inani labafundi abafudukayo ngamanye amaxesha ligqitha inani lokufika okutsha kwimikhosi.
Inxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-harration yendawo yokuzikhusela i-terstres yokhuseleko yomoya e-Russian Federation namhlanje isaqanjwe i-CYSTESS ye-C-300PS, eyenziwe ukusuka kwiminyaka yoo-1982 ukuya phakathi ngo-1990. Kodwa zisuswa ukuba zisebenze ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kunethatyathelwe indawo enkulu.
Malunga nekota yayo yonke imikhosi esele ikhulile yoMoya yoMoya yoMoya igcinwe yiMoscow. I-Petersburg ikhuselwe malunga namaxesha amahlanu, kodwa kwakhona kakuhle. Phakathi kweendawo ezikhuselweyo kwiindawo eziphantsi zenqanawa ezisezantsi kwiinqanawa zasemantla kunye nePasifiki, kunye nezinto zeFleet yaselwandle amnyama.
Kwangelo xesha, uninzi lwezixeko zezigidi, ezinjengeKazan, uNizhny novgorod, uChelyabinsk, Omsk, i-UFA, azikhuselwa yi-Air Area. Inani elikhulu leendawo zokugcina izinto ezinetyhefu, amadama, izityalo zamandla eNyukliya kunye neendawo zokuhlala zeNzuzo zeNzuzo zihlala zivulekile ukuba zichaphazele emoyeni.
Ikhadi elinikezwe apha ngezantsi linika umbono jikelele wamanqanaba okukhuselwa kwentsimi yaseRussia namhlanje ngokuchasene neenqwelomoya.
Ke, kunokubaluleka okukhethekileyo kokuzikhusela kwentliziyo kwimfazwe yanamhlanje kunye nobukho bengozi yokuhlaselwa komoya, okwangoku iRussia ayonelanga ukuba ikhuselwe izinto ezininzi ezikhulu kwintsimi yayo. Le meko ngokuqinisekileyo ithintela ukuphunyezwa komgaqo-nkqubo ozimeleyo ngokupheleleyo.
Umbhali-Valery Kuznetsov
Umthombo - Springzhizni.ru.