Imfazwe yaseLivonia yaqala ngo-1558. Isizathu sokuba yena ekwenziwe nguDani kwi-dani avela kumyalelo woMbuso we-Moscow. I-King Ivan IV Grozny yayifuna ukwaphula umchasi wakudala kwaye ifumane indlela yokuphuma kuLwandle lweBaltic. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuwa komyalelo ngo-1560 kule ngxabano, oqhubeka kwikota yenkulungwane, abanye abathathi-nxaxheba batsalwa: iSweden nasePoland Deticture ye-Lithuania ne-Pritsan, kunye ne-ITRINT. Ukudibana okude kubangele utshintsho olukhulu ngaphakathi kwamaqela aphambili: Ekupheleni kwe-1560s. Ukumkani waseMoscow wazisa i-Okrichnin, kwaye uBukumkani obuPoland kunye nesithili esikhulu saseLithuanian sasimanyene xa sithetha nesembulula.
Imfazwe yaphumelela impumelelo eyahlukeneyo. Kude kube ngu-1577, imikhosi yeMoscow yayizama uloyiso kwintsimi yamazwe aseBaltic kunye neBelarus, kodwa olwandul 'ukwenziwa kukaPosit Stefan Batori wakwazi ukulungisa i-COVEARE enganyangekiyo. Ubukumkani baseMoscow kunye ne-Commonwealth baphelelwe ngamandla, kunjalo ngoDisemba 1581 uthethathethwano ngoxolo lwaqala kwilali yaseCyvov (kufutshane ne-Zapolsky yam, emazantsi e-PPSkov).
Owona mbuzo uphambili kwi-Cource Centray Livonia. U-Ivan Grozny wafuna ukushiya iYuriev kuphela (ngoku i-thana, i-Estonia). I-Barians yayifuna ukumka uLivonian naseRussia. Ngenxa yoko, uIvan IV, efuna ukuyoyisa yonke imikhosi yakhe nxamnye neeSwedede zoyiswa kumantla ezi-shdes, zavuma ukunika iLivonia. UStephen Baurius, uqinisekisa ukungathembani kwemizamo yokuthatha i-Pskov, kwaqhubeka neminyinyiva, ukushiya izixeko ezivaliweyo zaseRussia kunye negalelo.
I-PM-Zapolsky Sorny iVumelwano loBukumkani lweMoscow kunye neThemu ye-Commonwealth yatyikitywa nge-15 kaJanuwari, kwi-1582, ngokweemeko zayo, i-Muscovy yamnqanda i-polotsk kunye nokufumana kwayo eLivonia. Ngembuyekezo, izibonda zazithembiseka ukubuyisela izixeko ezithinjwe. Esi siVumelwano sikwaseka i-truce kangangesithuba seminyaka eli-10 kwaye sabhengeza ukutshintshiselana ngamabanjwa. Umhlaba we-sapolsk akazange aphelise izinto eziphambili phakathi kobukumkani baseRussia kunye nokuthetha kommangalelwa kwizizwe zeBaltic, kodwa i-TUCE isungulwe kuye de kwade ide ide ide ide ide ide ide ide ide nexesha lengxaki eRussia.
Umthombo: http://www.hrono.u.