"Ukufana kuyacaca phakathi kweCodd-19 i-pandemic kunye nezifo zezityalo. Njengoko sifunda okungakumbi nge-coronavirus, isebenza njengesikhumbuzo sobume bezityalo ze-pihogens kunye namandla endlela abazenzakalisa ngayo kwaye zonakalise izityalo zethu. -Ubhala inqaku lakhe ngokuzala i-Porfano T. Koyek, uMlawuli wezoTheli weTrional, ubekwe eCalifornia, eUnited States.
- Isihloko esinye malunga neCoodd-19 sichaphazela intsholongwane. Ehlabathini lonke, i-Covid-i-HIV-intsholongwane ikhona kwifom yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zofuzo okanye "ubunzima" (okwaziwa ngokuba "kukukhetha".
Ekuqaleni, i-pidemic yaqala eChina kwintsholongwane l ubunzima. I-Surin s yinketho yokuqala okanye inguqulelo eguqukayo yeCovide-19. Nangona kunjalo, kutsha nje inkxalabo entsha yinguqulelo entsha yeCovid B.1.1.7, ebonakala isuswe ngokufanelekileyo ngumnini-mnini kwaye isasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Okokuqala ngqa ebhaliswe e-UK, olu khetho B.1.1.7 ngoku lubonakalisiwe kumazwe awahlukeneyo ehlabathi.
Ii-pathogens zezityalo ezikhoyo zikhona ngohlobo lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zofuzo, ezinokubizwa ngokuba "yimingxunya", "ukukhetha", "ubuhlanga" kunye nolunye ulwazelelo. Kwezinye iimeko, ubukho beentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezichaphazela izityalo, kwaye amafama kunye neengcali zentsimi basenokungazi ngayo.
Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ukuphuculwa koxinzelelo olutsha okanye ugqatso kunokutyikitya ukukhula okukhulu kule ndawo.
Imingxunya emitsha okanye imidyarho inokulohlula uzinzo lwemfuzangene kuhlobo lokukhusela kwi-pathogen. Umzekelo, eCalifornia, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentlobo ze-celery ezikwimfuza eyenza ezi ndlela zimelana ne-fathorium ye-chathogen. Amafama anokutyala ezi ntlobo kwimimandla eyosulelekileyo kwaye kwangaxeshanye afumane izivuno ezigqwesileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ugqatso olutsha 4 lwe-pathogen fusarium yoyise ezi ntlobo zozinzo, olukhokelela kwilahleko yamanzi.
I-Spinaach ibisoloko ichaphazeleka kakhulu kwiarhente ye-chushu yokuntyhuzwa kobuxoki, ngelixa abafuyi baphuhlise iintlobo ezizinzileyo. Nangona kunjalo, imidyarho entsha yokuntyhuzwa kobuxoki Ukuphuhliswa kwezifo kwimigca elizinzileyo ngaphambili iphuhlisa apha.
Iarhente yeCousietive ye-Grey Hle, Botrytis, idla ngokuphuhlisa iindlela zokunganyangeki kwiifungisical ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziselwa ukulwa. I-bacteria xanthonas kunye ne-pseudmonas, i-fuduudomonas, i-fusarium kunye namanye amakhowa aziziwa kakhulu ngamandla abo okutshintsha kunye nokudala iintlobo ezintsha.
Zonke ii-microorganisms zikhona njengeyona tulict enxulumene kakhulu, kodwa ngokwahlukeneyo. Kubantu abanje, onke amaqela eentsholongwane okanye onke amaqela amakhowa awodwa, kodwa kancinci ahluke ukwakhiwa kwemfuyo. Olu tshintsho lubangelwa kukuguquka, ukubuyiswa kwemvelo kunye nezinye izinto.
Kwiimeko ezithile zebhayoloji okanye kwindalo esingqongileyo, iqela elithile lingaphawuleka, liphinde liveliswe ngesantya esikhawulezayo kwaye livele njengenguqulo entsha yePathogen enokubangela isifo kubanini.
Njengohlobo olutsha lwe-B.1.1.7 Covid, isifo siyimfuneko kwinqanaba lokuqala. Ngexesha lophando, izazinzulu kufuneka ziphuhlise iindlela zokufunda eziqinisekisa ubukho besisongelo esitsha.
Abaphandi basebenzisa uhlalutyo lwe-molecular, iimvavanyo kugonyo kunye neminye imicimbi ukuba babhale ugqatso olutsha okanye uxinzelelo. Ukulandela amaxwebhu anjalo, izazinzulu zikhulisa kwaye zisebenzise iimvavanyo zokuqonda kwakhona kwaye abasebenzi abancedisayo banokusetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuqhuma kwesifo kubangelwa kukhetho olutsha lwezityalo. Emva koko abavelisi kufuneka balawule ukuqhuma kwe-pathogenic entsha yezityalo ezihambelana nezicwangciso ezinzima.
Nazi iindlela ezihlanganisiweyo zomzabalazo:
- Qeqesha ukujikeleza kwesityalo kwaye ungahlali inkcubeko etyhutywe.
- Ukumiliselwa kweendlela ezifanelekileyo zenkcubeko ukuze zibe negalelo ekukhuleni kwesivuno, kodwa ukuthintela ukukhula kwee-pathogens.
- Jonga amanyathelo afanelekileyo ococeko ukuze uxinzelelo olutsha alusebenzi ngomhlaba owosulelekileyo (we-pathogns yomhlaba), intsalela okanye izixhobo ezichaziweyo.
- Guqula izicwangciso ze-fungicidal ukuze iindlela ezahlukeneyo zesenzo zisetyenziswa ngokuchasene nokhetho oluzinzileyo oluzinzileyo.
Ekubeni ezininzi iintlanga ezintsha iintsholongwane ayaphula izakhi ngaphambili ngaphandle uzinzo, lo ndoqo ulawulo kubonwa kwiintlobo ezintsha, kodwa olukheto kuku umsebenzi enzima kuthatha ixesha ukuphumeza le njongo. Ngelixa i-microorganisms izinzile kwaye ilungelelanisa ngokulula. Nje ukuba iBakala elitsha elizinzileyo lisetyenzisiwe, inani lamaphepha asePahogens ladala ukhetho olutsha, ebonisa ukuba umlo wokulwa nezifo usenokuba ngumcimbi wokunyuka rhoqo phakathi kweentsholongwane kunye nabantu.
(Umthombo: www.growplece.com. Iposwe ngu: UStephen T. Koyeyk, UMlawuli wezoThelical Diflostics).