E-Egypt, ixesha loBukumkani obutsha (1294-945 BC), amaqumrhu abhalwe ngawo e-Leng, ngamanye amaxesha akhuselwe lihenyukazi eyongezelelweyo ye-resin, ngakumbi xa kwakunjalo ookumkani kunye nabanye abamele amacandelo aphezulu oluntu. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kobuninzi bophando lwezenzululwazi olwenziwe ukusukela ngoko, amagama achaze rhoqo rhoqo.
Iiarhente zakudala zase-Australia ezivela kwiYunivesithi yaseMckori zichaze iinkcukacha zendlela enqabileyo yokugcina iMummies-ifakwe kuhlobo lwe "tyhutyhulu" eludakeni. Iziphumo zomsebenzi wazo zipapashwa kwi-PLOs inye iMagazini.
Ekuqaleni, umzimba ophumileyo kunye ne-sarcophagus ene-sid efunyenwe nguSirles Nicholson ngexesha lohambo lokuya eJiphutha ngo-1856-1857. Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva wabazisa ngeDyunivesithi yaseSydney, ekuseni i-Mummy igcinwe. Ngokutsho kombhalo kwi-sarcophas, eyathi malunga ne-1010 ngonyaka BC (i-21st yobukumkani obutsha), umfazi wayephumle ngaphakathi ebizwa nguMeria. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zeDNA ngo-1999 zichonge umzimba njengendoda.
Ababhali bophononongo olutsha bagqiba kwelokuba baphinde baqhubeke nomnye u-Emography: Ngaphaya koko, abarhwebi bendawo babekwe kwi-sarcophaus marmid marmagus ukuze bafumane ithuba lokuthengisa 'i-seties. " Ngoncedo lokubona nokubekitywa kweteksi kunye ne-skeleton, izazinzulu zafumanisa ukuba ngexesha lokufa, lo mntu wayeneminyaka engaphezu kwe-26 ukuya kwengama-5.
Nangona xa uskena somzimba awuzange uveze amalungu obuni, kwaye amalungu angaphakathi athe yasuswa kwi-Tammation, amathambo e-Pelvic, i-Pelvic amathambo, i-jaw kunye ne-jaw kunye ne-surllic) eyakholisa ukuba phambi kwabafazi. Uhlalutyo lwetekhnoloji yokuqaqanjelwa kunye ne-radiocarbon yokuthandwa kweesampulu zefatric kwiflakisi ivumelekile ukuba sikwazi ukuba senze ixesha loBukumkani obutsha (1200-1113 BC), kunye ne-sarqugus, yaze yazenzela kamva - kwaye yena khange ubudlelwane bomfi.
Ukuskena kwakhona kwanceda ekufumaneni ukuba udaka lugubungela ngokupheleleyo umzimba - lwalushiywe phakathi kweendawo ezimbini zelinen. Njengoko kuboniswe yimifanekiso yecandelo lokuqala, isidumbu sayonakaliswa kungekudala emva kokuqina kokuqala, uninzi lwamathambo amaninzi lwalunokuqhawuka, kwaye kwakungekho ziqwengana. Kuyabonakala ukuba, i-mummy ityhilwe phantsi kweemeko ezingaziwayo, kwaye ukuba iphinde ibuyiselwe kwaye isetyenzisiwe i-Mud iqokobhe ephindiweyo. Ubuso bebugqunywe nge-pigral yemineral ebomvu ebomvu.
"Olona candelo lininzi, iqokobhe lavela, kubonakala ngathi lisetyenziswa ngamatye anjani, ngelixa iinkalo ezithile zibonisa ukubaluleka kwe-shirity elandelayo yezinto ezongeziweyo. I-Shells yolula kulusu lwekhaka kwibala leminwe yonyawo. Kwangelo xesha, ingekho ngokupheleleyo kwinqanaba lomhlathi ongezantsi, "izazinzulu zibhala. Emva kwexesha, umzimba waphinda waphelelwa kwicala lasekunene, entanyeni, ubuhlungu kunye nobuso.
I-Mud Shell, ngokombhali wesifundo, wenza umsebenzi kathathu. Okokuqala, yayiyindlela yokulondolozwa komzimba ofumene umonakalo omkhulu: ingcwaba lookumkani kunye namangcwaba alula ahlala ephangwa kwangoko emva komngcwabo. Abo babenoxanduva lokubuyiselwa kwenkangeleko yoMummy kwaye bephindaphindayo bemamele kwakungekho ngaphezulu kwesinye okanye izibini ezincinci kunabani na.
Okwesibini, iqokobhe elinegalelo kuguquko lwetetaphysical of the wafa ngobomi basemva kobomi kunye nomda kaThixo Osiris. Abafi babengathemba ukuba baqhubeka ubukho, ukuba balungisiwe kufanelekile. Ifana neOstiris, umzimba owawuqhekezwayo waza waqokelelwa ndawonye, ukusweleka komntu yayikukuzahlulahlula iziqwenga ezahlukeneyo, ezaziza kubuyisela isenzo sokukhuma. Ke ngoko, ukuqholwa kwesidumbu, ukusonga nokunxiba, kwajika umntu oswelekileyo kwisidalwa, ekwazi ukujoyina iOsiris kwi-Premini. Kwimeko kaMummy sifundile, ingqibelelo yaphukile. Ukusetyenziswa okulandelayo kwe-Dud Kingdom ngokudibeneyo nokungenisa okuphindaphindiweyo kuya kusebenza njengokudibana kwendalo yomntu oswelekileyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba unxibelelwano lwayo oluqhubekayo kunye no-Osiris. Umdaka unokugqalwa ngokukodwa kule nkqubo, "watsho ooma babembi bezinto zakudala.
Okokugqibela, i-shell ye-resell yaxelisa indlela yokungcwaba yelizwe: I-smorlyan pandiri kwimizimba yabameli bamacandelo aphezulu owoluntu kunye nookumkani abadibana ngo-18, we-19 nobukumkani obutsha. Abantu abazizityebi abangaphantsi babengakwazi ukuhlawula i-resion yokungenisa elizweni elingangeniswanga-ngakumbi kubungakanani obufunekayo ukwenza "iqokobhe" elijikeleze umzimba. "Nangona kunjalo, ukuxeliswa" kweendlela zokungcwatywa ezinokufezekiswa ngokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphantsi. Kwimeko yethu, isikrweqe sase-Mud asinakuphatha nje imisebenzi yokuvuselela, kodwa sibe sisisombululo esifanelekileyo nesibiyekayo sokuqina. Ngenxa yoko, u-mummy esisifundileyo ngathi siyinto eyahlukileyo yokuxeliswa kwesiko lomngcwabo lakwa-Elite, "izazinzulu zashwankatheka.
Umthombo: Inzululwazi yezeSwaziya