IPirard ye-Bernard Maicoff ibizwa ngokuba yi-scam enkulu kwimbali yaseMelika. Ngaphezulu kwe-3 yezigidi zeedipozithi zinemisebenzi phantse i-18 yezigidi zeebhiliyoni. Iqela lomkhweli laqhutywa ngabaShishini, imibutho eqhutywa ngumbutho, engathandabuzekiyo kwiDephorithi yeDyunifayithi yedipozithi. Isikimu sobuqhetseba sasungulwa kwi-Madsoffe Lecurity le-MLC ngo-1990, yakwazi ukuyityhila ngoDisemba ka-2008 - phantse kwiminyaka engama-20 kamva.
Inani lepiramidi
I-Bernard Lawrence Maidoff, isidanga se-chinaway esiphelweni se-roctaway, savulela uBernard L. I-BOREND LORINT LORINT KWI-LLC yeminyaka engama-22, malunga nemisebenzi yexesha eliqokelayo ngelixa befunda. Umbutho wakhawuleza wafumana ukuthandwa phakathi kwabatyali-mali. Ekuqaleni, inkampani yatyalwa kwizabelo eziyingozi zeefemu ezingafakwanga kuluhlu lwe-New York Stoptions. Ukuqaliswa kwenkqubo yokuthengiswa kwekhompyuter kwenza ukuba kwenzeke kwi-6% kwi-NYSE. I-Erinover yeNkampani ikhule, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiBhunga labaLawuli baseNasdaq kuzise ubuqaqawuli bentsomi esendle.Ngo-1987, i-Dow-Jones Index yawa, ukutshintshiselana i-PACIC kunyanzelise i-medoff ukukhangela imithombo yengeniso. Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yeemvakalelo ngokubanzi, abatyali-mali abaninzi kwintengiso bavakalise ukulungela ukumnika iindlela. Nikezela inzuzo ephezulu yemali ayikwazanga, kodwa yayingafuni ukwala abathengi, wangena enkohliso.
Isebenza njani le nkqubo
Ubuqhophololo bemali baguqulelwe kwiiakhawunti zakhe kwiBhanki yaseManhattan, bexambulisa ukuba icebo lakhe lokutyala imali intsha kwaye kunzima ukuyiqonda. Udumo olungenasiphako lwamvumela ukuba atsalele imali engaphezulu kwaye ahlawule i-12-13% yazo. Ukuba iBernard yokuqala inethemba lokubuyela kutyalo-mali olunyanisekayo ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba imeko kwimarike yesitokhwe uzinzo, kwixesha elizayo alikwazanga ukumangalisa ubungangamsha obungafanelekanga.
Ukuhlaziywa kunye ne-Enterprise Maidoff kuvunyelwe ukuthintela uphicotho. Umda wokuqiniseka kuyo yayiphantse yangenamda. Ngo-2000, ukhuseleko kunye nekhomishini yokutshintshiselana engahoywanga ukubala komqalo wohlalutyo lukaHarry Marpolos, okwazile ukuqonda iindlela zesikali. Kodwa ngonyaka ka-2002, abathe cwaka imali abanakugubungela izabelo ezithenjisiweyo.
Ingxaki yezemali ngo-2008 ibeka isiphelo sepiramidi. Xa abanegalelo elikhulu elifuna ukuhlawula malunga neebhiliyoni ezisi-7 zeedola kwangaxeshanye, i-maidoff ayifumananga mali. Phantsi kobukhulu bemixholo ye-piggnet, kwavunyelwana noonyana bakhe, banxibelelanisa kwangoko abasemagunyeni. Mhlawumbi, musa ukubakho kwimozulu yentengiso ye-stocks, isiseko seMedaff siyaqhubeka nokusebenza.
Ukuqukumbela
Imali yediphozithi iyonke ibingamashumi ezigidi zeedola. Kule minyaka ili-16 idlulileyo, akukho mntu ucinge ukuba ubuchule bobuqhophololo bombutho, njengoko iidiphozithi zihlawulwe kwi-15% ngonyaka. Ngokweziphumo zophando, inkundla yamgweba iminyaka eli-150 yokufikelela kwisiphelo. Abantu abaliqela bazibulala emva kweziphumo zezemicimbi zenziwa esidlangalaleni. Ngo-Epreli 2020 Maidoff wafumana iminyaka engama-82, uqhubeka ekhonza isigwebo sakhe.
Ukuba uyathanda ukupapashwa, ungalibali ukuhambisa i-and preserb i-tekwana, kuya kubakho izinto ezinomdla!