Ukuba ithiyori yexabiso ichanekile, ke ukusuka kumasuntswana anje ngeeatom, unokulindela indlela engaqhelekanga. Kodwa ngaphandle kwesiphithiphithi, banokubonakala ngathi bangamaqhushumbisi, kweli lizwe limangalisayo lamasuntswana amancinci kukho imithetho yabo. Kutshanje, iqela lenzululwazi kwiDyunivesithi yaseBonn likwazile ukubonisa ukuba kwilizwe le-quam - kwinqanaba lemisebenzi yexabiso elinzima - umda wesantya uyasebenza. Iiatom, ukuba zincinci zinamachaphaza amancinci, kwezinye izinto zifana neebhubhu ze-champagne kwiglasi. Ungazichaza njengamaza omzimba, kodwa indlela yokuziphatha yabo ifana nebhola ye-biliaiard kwaye ingeyiyo ulwelo. Eachone oya ezithi qatha ingcamango ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ukuhambisa atom ukusuka kwindawo enye ukuya kwenye, kufuneka senze ngolwazi nobuchule njengento yiweyitala onamava kwi isidlo - hayi yokuchitha champagne ukusuka iiglasi kweshumi kwi itreyi, labby phakathi iitafile. Kodwa kule meko, umvavanyi uza kujongana nomda othile wesantya-umda wokudlula ongenakwenzeka. Iziphumo ezifunyenwe ngexesha lokufunda zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kweekhompyuter zenani, kwaye le ndawo, njengomfundi othandekayo uyazi, sele iphuhlisa kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
Umda wesantya kumzekelo we-cvesium atom
Uphononongo opapashwe kwimagazini yokuphononongwa kwemagazini X, i-physichists ikwazile ukuzama ukubonisa ubukho bomda wesantya ngexesha lokusebenza kobungakanani. Ngexesha lomsebenzi, izazinzulu ezivela kwiDyunivesithi yaseBonn, kunye nezamashishini ukusuka kwi-Massachusetts iZiko leTekhnoloji (Mit), iZiko loPhando lwe-Guliha, i-COUDGRE, i-Padua nePadua, yafumanisa ukuba iya kuthintela phi.
Kule nto, ababhali bomsebenzi wesayensi bathatha i-ceverium atom kwaye bathumela imiqadi emibini ivumelana omnye komnye. Injongo yesifundo yayikukwandisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-ceverium yeatom kwindawo efanelekileyo ngendlela yokuba i-atom ayiwe "intile" njengendawo ekwenzeni i-champagne kwiglasi. Ukupapashwa kwe-physics kubizwa ngokuba luhlu, lubangela ukukhanya, okukhumbuza ukuchaneka kokuqala 'kweentaba "kunye ne" Dolin ". Ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-physics, i-ceeium atom ilayishwe kwenye yezi "geqo", emva koko yakhokelela kwisikhundla sokuhamba, esisuswayo "isikhundla" esisusiweyo.
Ukuma i-elektromagnetic waption lutshintsho lwexesha elithile kwi-Alplic yombane kunye namabala e-magnetic ecaleni kwendlela yokusasazwa okubangelwa kukuphazamiseka kweziganeko zesehlo kunye nezibonakalisiweyo zamaza.
Inyani yokuba kwimicrometer kukho umda wesantya, yayiyinto eboniswa ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 eyadlulayo ngamaSoviet Assid Meonid Mandelstam kunye ne-igor tamm. Babonisa ukuba eyona isantya esiphezulu kwimisebenzi yenani ixhomekeke ekungaqinisekini, oko kukuthi, 'simahla "kwintshutshiso esebenziseka ngokunxulumene namandla ayo anokubakho: Inkululeko yamandla ngakumbi, iyakhawuleza. Umzekelo, kwimeko yokuthuthwa kwe-Cesium Atom, enzulu "" yintlambo ", ewayo i-atom, yasasaza amandla e-varim ekhethekileyo kwi" Valley "ekhawulezileyo.
Into efanayo inokubonwa ngononophelo ibukele umlindi kwindawo yokutyela: Ukuba igcwalisa iglasi (ngoko isicelo sendwendwe), ngaphandle kwesantya esahlula isiselo. Nangona kunjalo, inkululeko yamandla yesuntswana eyahlukileyo ayinakwenzeka ukuba ithathe kwaye isebenze. "Asinakwenza" intlambo "yethu engenasiphelo, kuba ifuna amandla amaninzi," ababhali babhala bencwadi.
Ukuhlala usazi ukuba kufunyenwe i-fricy yesayensi yakutshanje kwintsimi yefiziksi kunye netekhnoloji ephezulu, bhalisela iSiteji semidla yethu kwi-telegraph!
Iziphumo ezintsha zeSayensi
Umda wesantya ocetyelwe i-mandshtam kunye ne-tamm kubalulekile. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba siyifezekise phantsi kweemeko ezithile, ezizezisi kwiinkqubo kuphela ezinamazwe amabini anokubakho. Kwimeko yesifundo, umzekelo, kwenzekile xa inqaku lokuhamba kunye nendawo ebekuyo yayisondele kakhulu. "Ke amaza omcimbi kamama kuyo omabini kuzo zombini iindawo axhonywe omnye komnye, kwaye iatom inokuhanjiswa ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo apho, oko kukuthi, ngaphandle kwezinto eziprintiweyo. Ijongeka ngathi telespring "Indlela yeNkwenkwezi," utshilo ababhali bophononongo yimpapasho ye-NORD.
Kwaye okwangoku, imeko iguquka xa umgama phakathi kwendawo yokuhamba kunye nendawo eya kuyo inyuka ukuya kwixabiso lezinto ezilishumi elinambini, njengoko kuvavanywa abaphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseBon. Kumgama omde, ngqo ngqo awunakwenzeka. Endaweni yokufikelela kwindawo oya kuyo, isuntswana kufuneka lidlulise inani lommiselo ophakathi: kwaye kulapha imeko yamanqanaba amabini angena kwinqanaba lamaqela amaninzi.
Funda kwakhona: Ngaba uMosiki weThemba uyacacisa ubukho bexesha lendawo?
Iziphumo zophando zibonise ukuba umda wesantya esisezantsi uyasebenza kwiinkqubo ezinjalo kunezazinzulu zeSoviet zichongiwe: Kugqitywe kungekuphela nje ngokungaqiniseki kuphela, kodwa nenani lamagama aphakathi. Zonke ezi zinto zilapha ngasentla zithetha ukuba isifundo esitsha siphucula ukuqonda kwe-theoretical yeenkqubo zexabiso elinzima kunye nezithintelo.
Ii-atom kunye neekhompyuter zexabiso
Ngokwe fiziksi, iziphumo ezifunyenweyo ziyasebenza kwicandelo leekhompyuter zexabiso. Konke ngenxa yokuba ivavanyiwe iqhutywa kukudluliselwa kweatom, kwaye iinkqubo ezinjalo zenzeka kwikhompyuter. Xa ii-bits zethanga zimiliselwa zii-atom, kufuneka zitshintshelwe kwenye indawo yeprosesa ukuya kwenye. Le yinkqubo efuna ukwenziwa ngokukhawuleza, kungenjalo konke okunxibelelana kwakhe kuya kuphela. Enkosi kumda wesantya sexesha, ngoku kunokwenzeka ukuba uxele ngokuchanekileyo ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngokukhawuleza.
Ngeekhompyuter zenani, nangona kunjalo, iziphumo ezifunyenweyo azithethi umda wesantya sekhompyuter. Inyani yokuba ikhompyuter ye-Quent ingabala ngokukhawuleza, ikakhulu inxulunyaniswa nexesha elinje, kodwa endaweni yoko le misebenzi. Ikhompyutha ye-Quatum ukwenza umsebenzi othile ufuna ukusebenza kancinci kunekhompyuter eqhelekileyo. Ukubala usebenzisa ikhompyuter ye-Quent kufana nokufumana i-labyrinth ngaphandle kwemfuneko yokujonga ngokulandelelana kuzo zonke iindlela ezinokwenzeka. Kukule nto ukuba ukukhawuleza: Kuya kufuneka uthumele ikhompyuter ye-labyrint ngelathisi kanye, ngelixa unekhompyuter yeklasi kufuneka uzame inani elikhulu kakhulu lokukhetha enye.
Iya kuba yinto enomdla kuwe: Ikhompyuter yexabiso lenziwe eTshayina, esombulule eyona misebenzi inzima kwimizuzwana engama-200
Ngokutsho kombhali ophambili wokufunda kuka-Andrea Alberti, akukho ziphumo zale ndlela yekhompyuter yekhompyuter. Kodwa umda wesantya sexeshana unomdla kwesinye isizathu-umda ofumaniweyo ubonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba wenze inani elikhulu kakhulu lokusebenza kunokuba bekucingelwa ngaphambili.