Umxholo "wembuyekezo" usetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-Psychology kwaye sisiphumo ngqo somgaqo wolondolozo lwamandla. Le phenomenon inokusetyenziswa ebomini.
Mininzi imizekelo yembuyekezo kwimbali - njenge-phenomena exhasa ibhalansi kwilizwe elithile. Umzekelo, umgangatho ophezulu wokuphila kumazwe aphuhlileyo uhlawulwa ziirhafu okanye irhafu ephezulu, okanye ukuthandabuza kwabemi ukuba basebenze, baphila kwizibonelelo. Kufuphi neendlwane ngethemba elinempilo, ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yesomlo entle, amandla epropathi ahlakulele ubomi babantu abalula, inkqubela phambili yezobuchwephesha ayinakukoyisa intsholongwane yesiqhelo, eyoyikekayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-covid.
Umbuselo onjalo unokubonwa kwimbali. I-LOndon Slums inokubizwa ngokuba ngumzekelo oqaqambileyo wembuyekezo. Ngokoluvo lwam, kumaxesha eVictorian (1837-1901) basebenza ngokungathi i-trigger yenyuka ibukhali yobugcisa, inkqubela phambili yenzululwazi. Ngokuchasene nobutyebi, ukuphuculwa kwesitayile kunye nokungcamla ixesha lokuthandana, njengamakhulu eemitha ukusuka kwi-AbleSnsern Abbey, apho indawo yokuhlala yorhulumente kunye ne-Sull i-git Indawo yokuhlala yabahlali, amasela namahenyukazi aphila ubomi.
UCharles Dickens wanika le ndawo igama eliyimfihlakeleyo sisimo sedemon. Ezi zifumba zazilikhaya kumawaka abantu ababehlala kwi-INtuman Deire. Ubutyebi baseWest Wist kunye neminyaka emide ye-Sulminist yahlala ecaleni, yenza ngathi akukho wumbi.
Ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwexesha lokulawula kukaKumkanikazi uViectoria, ngokuqinisekileyo, ayisiyiyo yonke into eyayingenasiphoso emandleni amakhulu. Ezinye iinkalo zeLondon zinokufaka isicelo setayitile yeyona nto ihlwempuzekileyo. Kodwa akukho namnye kubo owawuyothusayo njengomntu wedemon acre. Ngenxa yomhlaba weMarsh World, amantshontsho aye athabathelwe kwiindawo zokuhlala kwaye angakulungelanga ukwakhiwa okugcweleyo.
I-Dickens yoMncinci, emva koko intatheli ye-novice yepalamente, yothuswa yinto yokuba intsimi enjalo yayisentliziyweni yoBukhosi baseBritane. Ukuzimisela ngokupheleleyo ukoyisa, wabhala:
Akukho megalpolis, eya kuthi imele i-megalpolis, enokumela ingxaki yokuziphatha ngokwasemzimbeni nangokuziphatha kunayo i-Westrins. Ezona zitrato zintle kakhulu ziindawo ezihlwempuzekileyo zeendawo ezihlwempuzekileyo, ngelixa iindawo ezinikezelwe kwezona njongo zingcwele ziqala ngemikhwa yehlazo kunye nongcoliseko; Amaza amagqabi avela kwi-ove ye-ove yokuziphatha, okwangoku kwi-capital eqengqeza amaza ayo amdaka ezindongeni ze-Westminster Abbey.
Kubalulekile ukuba ezi zilwanyana zikwisithili eziphakathi, xa iimonki ze-abbey zanika iShelter kwizaphuli-mthetho kunye nabanetyala. Embindini weXviii Ikhulu, le ndawo yakhiwa ngezindlu ezixabiso eliphantsi, ekungekho nomoya ovuthuzayo kunye notywala. I-MAGUSE YABADALA BABANYE BABANYE BABONELELWEYO KUDLULA. Kwi-labsintyer ye-alleys kunye neeyadi, izifo, kubandakanya i-typhoid nekholera, zaqiniswa.
Amapolisa akaqhelekanga ukuya kule ndawo. Ulwaphulo-mthetho luye lwakhula kuyo yonke indawo. Ngokukoyikisayo kakhulu intlukqo yabantwana, uninzi lwazo lwaluneenkedama ezitratweni.
Okokugqibela, imisebenzi eqhutywa sisisa, eqaliswe yi-dickens kunye nabantu ababephila ngexesha labo, banika isiqhamo. Abathunywa bevangeli baseBritine bakhawuleza baphila kwi-slum. Bathathe isigqibo sokuba le ndawo yonakalise kangangokuba abemi bakhe kufuneka babuye kubuKristu. Enkosi kwinkxaso mali yezigidi ngezigidi zentrol, ikhusi lenzelwe oonongogo abangaphambili kunye nesikolo sabantwana balapha.
Kufanelekile ukuba siqwalasele ukuba imbali ye rumet iphele kakuhle kubemi bayo, eLondon kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ngenxa yeNgilani. Emva kongcoliseko lomlambo iThames lwafikelela kwi-Peak ngexesha le-1858, amalungu ePalamente avumela inkqubo yeParan. Kulapho ilizwe lakhiwe ngamaziko akhuselekileyo. Kwikhonkco, eNgilani, amanye amazwe aqalisa ukunika amanzi amdaka.
Njengoko besitsho, akukho hlazo ngaphandle kokulunga. Kwelinye ilizwe emva kweziganeko, amanzi amdaka aphela ukuwela amanzi okusela esidlangalaleni, amatyala e-cholera ayema. Imisonto endala kwimida yedemon yanyamalala. Kwindawo yezindlu ezihlwempuzekileyo, izindlu zanamhlanje zakhiwa.
Ebomini, yonke into inje ngolu hlobo: Into embi iza endaweni elungileyo. Into ephambili kukubona ukuba yonke into eyenzekayo iluncedo kuphuhliso.
Umbhali-Nara Wilson
Umthombo - Springzhizni.ru.