Tsar Alexey Mikhailovich Romanov akagamuchira zita rekuti zita rezita, asi panguva yekutonga kwake kwehondo dzerusingaperi nedzimwe nyika, uye nyika yacho yakararama nenguva dzakaoma dzekuchinja. Shanduko dzakawanda dzakapa mibairo yakanaka, nekuti ivo vaive varayirwa pakukosha kwakanyanya. Nekudaro, pakanga pasina mharidzo dzakabudirira kwazvo, semuenzaniso, mambo wekumanikidza. Mambo akamanikidza kusawirirana nemasimba ane simba kwakamanikidzwa kuita matanho ekusimbisa, achipa chirevo chekugadzira mari yemhangura. Zvaizoita sekuti zvese zvaive zvine musoro, zvisinei, zano reAlexei Mikhalovich uye shanduko yake yakashanduka bhuti. Chii chakaratidza kushambadzira kwemari? Nei shanduko yakanga isina kubudirira? Uye akawana chii kuRussia?
Mamiriro ekunze ekugadzirisa
Kusvika 1654, pakanga paine mari dzemasampuli akati wandei muRussia - peni nemari yakanga yakazotemerwa sirivheri, uye chiSiem. Ivo vese vaive nediki diki, asi pakanga pasina mahombe makuru emari. Pakange pasina fungidzira kuti zvakaita sei kuti zviome kutengesa. Kutengeserana kwakakomba kwakabatanidzwa zvakanyanya kukosha kwekuverenga nekudzokorora zviuru zvemari. Zvinotyisa, asiwo zvisizvo, mamiriro akadaro ezvinhu akanganisa kutengeserana kudiki, kwaive kwakaoma kuitiswa nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemari yekushambadzira. Mhedzisiro iyi yaive yekuwedzera kwemamiriro ehupfumi hwenyika, chishandiso chekusimudzira kwehupfumi.
Alexey Mikhailovich Romanov, Kutenda kune akati wandei ekubudirira kwemauto Hikes, akakwanisa kujoina nzvimbo yeRussia, malorossia uye nhamba yehuwandu hweBelarussian. Mundima idzi, muenzaniso weEurope wakakunda, zvakanyanyisa kuwanda kwemari yeRussia Uye zvakare, zviwanikwa muchivigiro zvaive zvinokwana zvisina kukwana nekuda kwehondo refu uye yakatsemurwa nedenda redenda. Hupfumi hweMari hunoda shanduko, hupfumi hwakafanana hunodiwa, uye hwaive chaiye shanduko inogona kuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu muRussia.
Kusimudzwa kwemari yekugadzirisa
Maererano nepfungwa, shanduko yaive nematambudziko akanyanya ekugadzirisa. Copper emari yakaunzwa mukukwikwidza, zvisinei, iyo yekutanga mayuniti haina kusarudzwa kubva mukutsvaira. Kutengeserana kukuru kwagamuchira mukana wekushandisa kwete chete mari yemuchina kukosha kwechinguva chidiki, zvinoreva kuti kubuda kweiyo matsva emari kwaive kwakakanganiswa nehupfumi hwenyika.
Muna 1654, rubles yakadzingwa nekutaura kwamambo. Mitemo inotevera, mvumo yaive yekutanga kudzingiswa kweiyo Filnikov, hafu yekudzivirira, hryvnia, altyans uye kubata. Mushure megore, mari yakawanda yaive nemuenzaniso mutsva, zvisinei, vazhinji vevagari vadziviswi vachishandisa ivo vanoshandiswa zvakanyanya.
Kukanganisa kukuru
Seizvo zvazvinogona kucherechedzwa, vanhu vaisavimba nezvikanganiso, izvo zvakatsamwiswa nezvikanganiso zvekuchinja. Muongorori D. E. BreVyor D. E. Breavov mune Chinyorwa Chemari Inoratidza Chinhu Chemari chinoratidza chinhu chakakosha:
Yakanga iri nzvimbo isiriyo isiriyo. Iyo purogiramu yaida kubhadharwa kwemitero chete nesirivheri, nepo muhoro wakabhadharwa nemari yemhangura. Pakanga pasina rusununguko rwekusunungurwa rwemari yemhangura pane sirivheri. Pasinei nezveizvi, nguva dzose zvirevo zvinoratidzwa kuti hapana mutsauko pakati pemari yeiyo itsva uye yekare muenzaniso. Izvi zvinogona here kutenda vanhu? Zvirokwazvo, aiwa, uye saka vanhu vazhinji vakaedza kusashandisa mari yemhangura yaive yakakoshesa. Nekudaro, pasi pekutyisidzirwa kwechirango, huwandu hwacho hwakazara kutora mari yemhangura, nepo hurumende yacho pachiri pachena yakajeka sirivha.
Isina kubudirira kupedzisa kwekugadzirisa
Kukanganisika kwakanganisa pakukasira kweiyo gadziriso Alexei Mikhalovich yaive nemabasa evaFakes. Mari yemhangura inogona kubviswa nehuremu hwakakosha, nekuti machina ese aive akabatwa maoko. Panyaya ya 1656, mishonga chaiyo yakapihwa nemusoro wetsika yakaratidzwa nemusoro wenyaya: Kubva kuhuwandu hwekuunganidza mutero nesirivheri kune maviri chetatu, uye chetatu chete - ndarira. Panguva imwecheteyo, ndimi mhando yeKabatskaya yekumwa, yezvinhu zvamambo, zvemabasa nemitero, "vanhu vanofanirwa kubhadhara sirivha. Mukuwedzera, mumatunhu ega ega, semuenzaniso, muSiberia, uye zvachose zvaive zvisingabatsiri kubhadhara kubhadhara kweDani Copper, nekuti munzvimbo ino pakanga paine muunganidzwa wehombe. Ivo vaikosheswa zvikuru marefu emari yemhangura. Kutengeserana nevatorwa kunogona kushandiswawo mhangura. Semunyori wezvenhoroondo J. Shipper zvinyorwa, mari yemhangura inogona kunzi "mari yemuno", sezvo vaigona kushandiswa chete mukati menyika. Huwandu hwekurambidza hukama hwemari yemhangura, kusavimbika kwevanhu vava kukonzera kupanduka kwemhangura kwakapenya muMoscow muna 1662. Huwandu hwemaguta makuru eRussia akabatawo pane zvekunakirwa. Hurumende yakamanikidzwa kumisa kuitwa kwemari yekugadzirisa mari, iyo yakatungamira kusagadzikana munharaunda. Mari yemhangura yakabviswa, uye kuchinjana yaive zana emari pamari 1. Shanduko yekuongorora yakashanduka kuti isingawane kuedza kushandura mumari uye ehupfumi spheres. Chikanganiso chikuru ndechekuti kuitwa kwakashata kwechirongwa chakarongwa. Mune ramangwana, mwanakomana waTsar Alexei, Peter wekutanga pamusoro pekushandurwa uku, achishandisa dzimwe nzira, uye mhedzisiro ichabudirira kwazvo. Muchokwadi, zvikanganiso zvekudzosera Alexei Mikhaillovich akataura kuti vatongi vanotevera kuzvikanganiso zvakarangwa mune ramangwana.