Hamwe n'igitekerezo cye ku nzira z'ingenzi zizagenwa n'imiterere y'isi yose yo ku isi ishinzwe ishoramari n'ubukungu, Maxim Saveliev asangiye n '"ishyamba ry'imari" - Ishyamba rya Maxim risangiye mu iterambere ry'imari kandi Amabanki y'ishoramari. Abahawe impamyabumenyi y'ikigo cya Moscow n'ikoranabuhanga bafite impamyabumenyi mu mibare, ubu ko ubusanzwe bakoreraga muri Philadelphia (USA) ku gisubizo cya Dhiladelphia (USA) mu bisubizo byateganijwe, bifata umwanya wa mbere mu guhanga imicungire ya software no kubahiriza ibisabwa. Ibyemezo mu gufatanya gutanga raporo y'ishoramari. Mbere, Maxim yari ashinzwe guteza imbere ibicuruzwa by'ishoramari kubakiriya bashinzwe ubucuruzi bunini, barimo iterambere ry'ingamba z'ubucuruzi, kugenzura imikorere y'ubucuruzi no kwiyongera mu makipe yambukiranya imikorere ya Sberbank (Moscou, Uburusiya) . Nkumukozi wishami ryigisha inama Deloitte Cis (Moscou, Uburusiya), yarenze kumenyeshwa imishinga ihinduka mubucuruzi mu ishoramari rinini kandi bacuruza amabanki y'Iburasirazuba.
- Niki, mubyukuri, kigenda muri iki gihe "ku ihinduranya" ya digitale yo guhindura ishoramari n'ubukungu? Ni ibihe bicuruzwa bishya byatangijwe? Automation Ni ubuhe buryo bwubucuruzi muri Finsurfer uyumunsi kurugero rwimyambarire?
- Technologiya ya Digital Guhindura isura yinganda zose, guhatira imishinga gukora muburyo bushya. Urwego rw'imari rurenze abandi, rufunguye gutangiza udushya. Ntabwo aribwo buryo bwateremye ibintu byiza atari byo byongera inyungu z'ibigo by'imari gusa, ariko no kugaragara mu nganda nshya za tekinoroji y'amafaranga (Fintech). Guhangana neza kuri uyu murima, ibigo bigomba gusa kwiteza imbere no gushyira mubikorwa tekinoloji yateye imbere.
Hari igihe mu rwego rwa serivisi zunze ubuyobozi "bayoboye imipira nini ishoramari. Biragoye kuri bo guhatana n'abahagarariye "ibisekuruza bya finateki", byibanze ku gutanga ibicuruzwa na serivisi byihariye.
Muri iki gihe, ndetse n'isosiyete ntoya irashobora gutanga abakiriya uburyo bushya bwo gucunga imari no kwishyura, ndetse no gutanga amahirwe yo gushyira mu gaciro ibikorwa byubukungu, byanze abalingere.
Kurundi ruhande, nubwo amasosiyete ya Fineki ajya mubitero ku bakinnyi ba gakondo bo mu rwego rw'imari rw'imari, kubera iyo mpamvu, abo n'abandi batangira gukorana neza. Kubera ubufatanye n'amasosiyete adushya, amabanki y'ishoramari arashobora kwerekana inzira yubucuruzi. Icyifuzo cyibisubizo bya software yo gukusanya no gusesengura amakuru arakura. Kurugero, inkomoko ya scrub itanga urubuga rwo guhitamo guhuza no kugura ibirego. Igisubizo kigufasha mu buryo bwo gukusanya no gusesengura amakuru atandukanye, abashobora kuba muri M & A-transction. Kubera porogaramu zayo, banki zishoramari zishobora kubona abaguzi vuba.
Ubufatanye nkubu ni ingirakamaro kandi abahagarariye imirenge ya Fintech bashobora gukoresha uburambe hamwe namakuru manini akurikiranye gukusanya nimiryango ishoramari kugirango baburane ubucuruzi bwabo. Ibisubizo byubufatanye nkubwo, urugero, bwari hagaragaye hagaragaye ibisubizo byikigereranyo cya banki nka serivisi (banki-nka-A-Service), bituma abakinnyi guhuza na sisitemu na serivisi zabo bwite. Gukoresha kwizerwa kandi bifite akamaro kubisabwa byose byateganijwe muri banki ibikorwa remezo bya banki bikuraho ibigo bishya bitakira uruhushya rwa banki no gutsinda ubundi buryo. Gutangiza ibyuma nk'ibi byingirakamaro ku mabanki, kuva muri uru rubanza ibigo bya finach bikora nk'abakiriya, kandi ntabwo abanywanyi.
Naho ikoranabuhanga rishakishijwe cyane nikoranabuhanga mu ishoramari n'ubukungu, hashobora kubaho ubwenge bwa blogite n'ubutasi (AI). Ku mashyirahamwe y'imari ku isi yose, intangiriro y'ururayi yabaye hafi. Iyi tekinoroji ntabwo ikwiriye guhitamo ikiguzi cyo gucuruza (kubera gutererana umuhuza) no kwemeza umutekano wibikorwa byubukungu (kubera gukorera mu mucyo mubikorwa byahagaritswe). Ingingo ya kabiri ikenewe cyane, kubera ko ibigo by'Urwego rw'imari buri gihe "munsi y'ejo" abacengezi. Ariko niba umuvuduko wo gushyira mubikorwa ukwakira udindiza buhoro buhoro, gukoresha tekinoroji ya II iracyabona imbaraga.
Gufata kugirango ubone ingaruka ntarengwa zubukungu, imiryango yimari yubushake muri Ai, nubwo tekinoroji ugereranije. Icyerekezo cyingenzi aho ubwenge bwubuhanga bwahindutse serivisi nyinshi kubakiriya no kurwanya uburiganya. Kuganira Bots bimaze gutwara ibyifuzo byinshi byabakiriya, kandi iA algorithms zirashobora kumenya ibikorwa bishobora kubeshya no kumenyesha abakiriya ibyabo. Igisubizo cyibikorwa byombi gusa bituma umutungo wimari uzigama.
Nzavuga ko amateka yose yashyizwe ku rutonde ari ngombwa ku isi ndetse n'imari y'imari.
- Ni ubuhe buryo nyamukuru mu rwego rwa B2B mu rwego rw'imari ku isi?
- Icyorezo kandi cyatewe no gufunga muri byinshi byanze imigendekere mu gice c'amasosiyete. Izi nyamukuru zirimo: Kwihutisha kugurisha ibicuruzwa mu "gishushanyo", kongera uruhare rwo kwikorera imirimo, inzibacyuho ziva mu materaniro no mu biganiro kuri terefone ku itumanaho ryo kuri interineti. Muri icyo gihe, ibigo byinshi byemeza ko impinduka nyinshi zashizeho icyiswe "ukuri gushya" zizakomeza ejo hazaza. Niba imikoranire yambere yumugurisha kumurongo hamwe numukiriya yateje gushidikanya, ubu benshi bazi imikorere yayo yose. Nzabona ubushake bwo kugura binini mu gice cya B2B.
- Birashoboka kuvuga ko igice cya B2B kigenda mu cyerekezo kimwe igice cya B2C cyatangiye kwiteza imbere imbere ye?
- Yego, garangira B2B hamwe na B2C: Abantu bategereje ko mubice byose byubucuruzi nubuzima bwa buri munsi bazabona uburambe bwabakiriya. Muri iki gihe, ahanini ni uburambe bwo gukorana kumurongo. Ntiwibagirwe ingaruka zigenda ziyongera muri Millenialov. Abamenyereye kugura kuri Amazone cyangwa aliexpress kuva mu bwana, bazahitamo icyitegererezo cyo gukoresha no mubucuruzi. Kwimura B2C Inyungu za B2C mu gice cy'ibigo, abatanga isoko bagomba guha abakiriya ubushobozi bugezweho bwo gushakisha, gusuzuma no kugereranya ibicuruzwa na serivisi. Serivisi zisabwa zishingiye ku manota y'umwuga kandi ukibutsa abakoresha nyabo barashobora gusabwa hano. Gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zo kugurisha zigufasha kongera impuzandengo. Ntabwo ari ngombwa kubaguzi ba kijyambere nubushobozi bwo kubona amakuru menshi yerekeye ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi muburyo bufunguye, ndetse no kubigaragaza (niba bishoboka).
AMAFARANGA YO GUHINDUKA- Ninde ugira uruhare runini mu guhindura digital y'amasosiyete y'imari? Ukurikije uburambe bwawe, urwego rwimari rufite abakozi bakeneye nubunararibonye cyangwa bakurura neza impuguke zo hanze kuri bo? Hoba hariho "intore mpuzamahanga" zinzobere mu guhindura digitale?
- Nk'itegeko, amashyirahamwe akora impinduka za digital, nkuko bumva uburyo inzira yubucuruzi yimbere itunganijwe, ni izihe ngaruka zigomba kugerwaho nibisobanuro bya digitale, bihari kandi amahirwe kuri ibi, harimo namafaranga.
Ariko imbaraga zo guhinduka zishobora guturuka hanze, cyane cyane kubigo bya McKinsey, itsinda ryo kugisha inama za Boston, Bain, Deloitte, KPMG, Ernst & Amazi meza. Nibishobora kubarwa kubintu byo mu rwego rwo guhindura digitale. Isuzuma ryinzego mpuzamahanga zubujyanama ni nini cyane kuruta umukinnyi wimirenge. Byongeye kandi, bafite uburambe mu gushyira mu bikorwa imishinga myinshi ku isi n'ubushobozi bwo guhuza amategeko mu tundi turere niba nta nzobere zihagije zihari mu biro bya Moscou ihagije. Kureshya abajyanama bo hanze bifungura uburyo bwiza bwisi. Muri icyo gihe, nizera ko inzobere zo hanze zishobora gufasha guteza imbere ingamba za digitale yo gushyira mu bikorwa ubucuruzi buzashinzwe ubwigenge. Ubu buryo bukora neza kandi buturuka ku bukungu.
- Nigute wowe ubwawe wabaye inzobere muguhindura imikorere yubucuruzi no guhindura digitale?
- Mu myaka irenga ine, nari umujyanama wa Deloitte ku ngamba kandi nkorera imikorere y'inzego z'imari, harimo n'ishoramari na banki yo gucuruza. Muri iki gihe, nabaye kwitabira imishinga yinkingi yingenzi zamahanga na zo mu Burusiya. Ibi byatumye bishoboka kubona uburambe no gusobanukirwa byimazeyo uburyo sisitemu yo kubaga banki mu Burusiya ndetse n'isi muri rusange, nkuko ibikorwa byubucuruzi byibatswe. Hanyuma nakoraga mu kugabana ishoramari rya Sberbank, aho yakoresheje amahirwe yo kurushaho kumenya, kandi anabona ibyemezo bishyirwa mu bikorwa.
- Ni ubuhe burambe bwungutse mu Burusiya bwahindutse inyungu zawe zo guhatanira muri Amerika?
- Iyo dushakisha akazi muri leta, inyungu zanjye zabaye uburambe muri sosiyete mpuzamahanga yo kugisha inama. Umukoresha kuva ahantu hose kwisi aragaragara ko uburambe bwumukozi ufite inyuma yinyuma ihinduka byoroshye. Ibyiza bya kabiri Ntekereza ko uburezi. Ikigo cya fiziki nikoranabuhanga cya Moscow, narangije, rifite izina nka kaminuza ikomeye ya tekinike no kumenyekana mpuzamahanga. Muri rusange, uburambe narinze mugihe cyo kwimukira muri Amerika yasobanutse kandi asaba.
Muri icyo gihe, ndashaka kumenya ko akazi kari muri Banki y'Uburusiya byanteye kureba ibibazo bya sisitemu y'imari ku isi. Nanjye, nanzuye ko uburambe bw'Isogo ry'Uburusiya ntacyo aduhiti kandi ahanini ari imbere y'inzira y'isoko ry'Abanyamerika.
- Nubuhebuki nubuhanga bukenewe kugirango duhindure ibigo by'imari? Ni izihe nzitizi zigomba gushakisha amabanki y'Abarusiya n'amafaranga y'ishoramari? N'aho tubasanga?
- Guhinduka ibigo by'imari birashobora guterwa n'imirimo isanzwe yumushinga, igena abakozi bombi bashinzwe guhindura sisitemu. Bagomba gushobora gutegura akazi, gushiraho itumanaho hagati yibikoresho byose birimo. Bakeneye kandi gusobanukirwa impande za tekiniki yumushinga kurwego rumwe. Ariko icy'ingenzi ni ubushobozi bwo kubona ishusho muri rusange, utishyuye igisubizo cyimirimo iriho. Njye mbona, abakozi bagisha inama amasosiyete, abayobozi bashinzwe imishinga bakwiriye rwose uruhare rwazo zinzobere. Ni ukuvuga, abafite uburambe mugutegura no gucunga inzira, kandi bafite isoko ryisoko nubumenyi bwisoko. Urashobora gushakisha abo bahanga mu barangije muri kaminuza za tekinike.
Uburusiya na USA: kugeza ubu- Abakinyi b'Abarusiya barashobora bungutse uburambe muri Amerika, bakurikiza udushya mu masosiyete yuburusiya? Ni ayahe mahanga yabo ashobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane?
- Ibyiza nyamukuru byinzobere ni uburambe bwo gukora mumasoko yisi yose. Amasosiyete menshi y'Abanyamerika atabanje kubusakuza ku isoko ry'imbere gusa, mu gihe ubucuruzi bw'imbere mu gihugu bugurumana mu Burusiya, mu bihe byiza, mu bihugu bya CSI. Icyerekezo Cyuzuye Isi Yerekana Ubuyobozi bwibikorwa kurwego rushya, butanga uburyo bwo kubona amasoko mashya nibicuruzwa. Duhereye ku micungire yo gutunganya abantu hamwe na bo muri Amerika bafitanye isano neza no kubaka umuco wibigo, amaherezo yongera imikorere yakazi. Niba wibanze ku gice cy'amafaranga, Amerika ikora nk'umugenzuzi mpuzamahanga, ku bisabwa n'ibindi bihugu byahinduwe. Ubumenyi bwukuntu inzira za sisitemu yimari y'Abanyamerika ari ingirakamaro rwose.
- Ese amasosiyete yimari yuburusiya kuva muburengerazuba mu rwego rwo guhindura digitale?
- Mu kuboneka no gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa na serivisi bya digitale, Uburusiya busumba muri Amerika. Ibi biragaragara cyane murwego rwa banki, gucuruza no kwishyura. Kurugero, muri leta zubuhinduzi bwinjiriro riracyashobora gufata iminsi myinshi. Ubwishyu butagira amaturo ntabwo bwabonye mass. Mububiko bwinshi ntibishoboka kwishyura binyuze kuri sisitemu ya GooglePay na ApplePay. New York Metropolitan hashize imyaka mike ishize, yatangiye impinduka mu kwishyura bidahwitse; Yihutishije iyi nzira gusa hamwe nintangiriro yigitererane.
Ibisubizo byingenzi byisosiyete yugarusiya byabanyamerika bubahirizwa mubintu byose bifitanye isano no kubaka uburambe bwabakiriya. Nubwo bidashoboka kuvuga ko ibi bifitanye isano na digitale. Ariko rimwe na rimwe birashoboka gukemura ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose cyangwa guhagarika ubwishyu buteye inkeke kuri terefone ni ngombwa cyane kuruta ibyoroshye no kuboneka kwa porogaramu zigendanwa.
Hariho umwuga nkubwo - Umuyobozi wibicuruzwa- Ni irihe tandukaniro riri mu mirimo y'ibicuruzwa muri Amerika no mu Burusiya?
- Birakwiye ko tumenya itandukaniro ryumuco kandi rifite itandukaniro muburyo bwo kubaka itumanaho. Mu Burusiya, abaturage benshi bahuje ibitsina byoroshye kubona ururimi rusanzwe. Biragoye cyane kuri ibi muri leta, kuko itsinda rishobora kuba mpuzamahanga kandi rishyiramo abantu bafite ibisekuruza bitandukanye cyane. Ibi birashobora kuba hiyongereyeho kuva mubitekerezo byo kubona ibitekerezo bishya no guhana uburambe, ariko biragoye kubaka itumanaho ryimbere. Muri rusange, ihame ryingenzi ryo kubaka itsinda ni itumanaho ryumwuga nuburyo, ibi birashobora kuba bitarenze igice cyihariye, ariko abagize itsinda ryose bumva bamerewe neza.
- Nigute umuyobozi wibicuruzwa bihinduka uyumunsi?
- Agaciro k'inzobere nk'izo ziyongera kubera ko ibintu bimeze kuri ubu bihinduka vuba: Utwugarizo k'umuyobozi ushinzwe umusaruro ruri mu nshingano zo kubamenyereza. Imico y'ubuyobozi n'amarangamutima biza imbere. Mu mucyo w'uko uyu munsi amakipe menshi akora muburyo bwa kure, umurimo wa umuyobozi ni ugukomeza gushishikara, intego yo kwibanda ku bisubizo n'urwego rwo hejuru rw'abakozi bose. Bikore kure cyane.
Yakorewe kontantin frumkin