Mu 1842, umuganga hamwe na gikirisitu numukristo wumugabo wasanze niba isoko yimuka hamwe nindorerezi bimura ugereranije, amajwi aboneka nindorerezi adahuye ninsanganyamatsiko yijwi. Uyu munsi twita iyi ngingo "doppler" kandi ni hamwe nubufasha bushakisha abahanga mu bumenyi bw'inyenyeri - isi izenguruka izindi nyenyeri hanze y'izuba. 442 ya 473, eleonects zizwi uyumunsi zagaragaye ukoresheje ingaruka zitoroshye, zisobanura impinduka muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwumvikana cyangwa urumuri rwakozwe ninkomoko yindorerezi ugereranije nindorerezi. Ibintu byafunguwe na siyansi yo muri Otirishiya mu kinyejana cya 19 ni igice cy'ingenzi mu bitekerezo bigezweho bijyanye n'inkomoko y'isi yose kandi bikoreshwa mu guhanura ikirere, no kwigana iz'inyenyeri, ndetse no kwisuzumisha indwara z'umutima.
Ni izihe ngaruka zo gukora?
Tekereza umusuni, hagati yicaye inyenzi. Igihe cyose ahinda umushyitsi, bitera kwivanga kwimuka kumazi. Niba iyi mbuto zibaye mugihe runaka, bazatangwa kuva kuriyi ngingo mubyerekezo byose. Kubera ko buri burakari bugenda mubidukikije, bose bazagenda mubyerekezo byose kumuvuduko umwe.
Igishushanyo cyakozwe na Beetle Paws kizaba urukurikirane rwinkingi zigera kumpande zibisimba hamwe na inshuro imwe. Indorerezi ku ngingo a (inkombe y'ibumoso mu magambo) azabona uburakari, akubite ku nkombe z'ibisimba hamwe n'ibirindiro bimwe mu ngingo (iburyo bw'icyuzi). Mubyukuri, inshuro zingahe zigera ku nkombe z'ibisimba zizaba kimwe n'inyenzi zitera amashyiga, tuzabisobanura hamwe na moturuki ebyiri kuri kabiri.
Noneho tuvuge ko inyenzi ubwato ifata indorerezi b, itanga ubufatanye hamwe ninshuro imwe. Kubera ko udukoko twimuka iburyo, buri burakari bubaho hafi y'indorerezi mu ntsinzi kandi kure yindorerezi a kandi, bikwiye, azagera kundorerezi. Muri icyo gihe, indorerezi isa nkaho inshuro zintangiriro yo guhagera hejuru kurenza inshuro izo mpagarara zivuka; Indorerezi a, kubinyuranye, birasa nkaho inshuro zintonde ziri munsi kuruta mubyukuri. Uru rugero, twizere ko rugaragaza ingaruka nziza.
Ndetse ingingo zishimishije cyane ku buvumbuzi ku mubiri isi yahindutse, soma ku muyoboro wacu muri Yandex.dzen. Hariho ingingo zisohoka zitari kurubuga!
Niba atari byo, twabonye ko ingaruka nziza zishobora kugaragara kubwinyungu iyo ari yo yose - imiraba y'amazi, amajwi, urumuri nibindi. Tekereza ko imodoka ya polisi itera guhura nawe. Iyo imodoka ikwegereye hamwe na lilac kuri, amajwi ya sirens ararangurura ijwi, ariko ahinduka igihuru, nkuko imodoka inyura. Uru nurundi rugero rwingaruka ya doppler - guhinduranya kugaragara kwijwi ryijwi ryakozwe ninkomoko yimuka.
Nigute ingaruka nziza zikora?
Ingaruka ntoya irashimishije cyane kuba astronomers zikoresha amakuru yerekeye guhinduranya ya electromagnetic inshuro ya electromagnetic inshuro zigenda zikozwe na galaxy yacu ndetse no hanze yacyo. Mubyukuri, igitekerezo cyabashakashatsi isi yacu yaguka hamwe no kwihuta, igice gishingiye kubijyanye no kwitegereza imiraba ya electonagnetic yasohotse ninyenyeri muri galaxy. Birashoboka kandi kumenya amakuru yihariye yerekeye inyenyeri imbere muri galakties ukoresheje ingaruka zikirenga.
Telesikopi igezweho yemerera abahanga mu bumenyi bw'ikirere kwiga inyenyeri muri galaxy. Nk'ubutegetsi, barimo gushaka inkomoko y'umucyo usohora imiraba ya electromagnetic. Itegereze ingaruka zubumenyi bwikirere burashobora mugihe inyenyeri izunguruka hafi yikigo cyacyo cyimuka igana hasi cyangwa ivuye. Iyi mihanda yo mu burebure irashobora kugaragara nkimpinduka nziza muri stlatrum - Amabara yumukororombya yasohotse kumucyo.
Iyo inyenyeri idutera, uburebure bwayo buhagaritswe, kandi spectrum ifata ibara ryubururu. Iyo inyenyeri ikuweho, spectrum yaka umutuku.
Kugirango ukurikize urumuri rwumutuku nubururu, abahanga mu bumenyi bw'ikirere bakoresha uburyo - umudari wo gufunga cyane, usangira imirasire y'inziba ku mabara atandukanye. Muburyo bwo hanze bwa buri mukinnyi hari atome ikurura urumuri ku burebure bumwe, kandi uku kwinjiza mu mirongo yijimye mumabara atandukanye ya stlacrum yinyenyeri. Abashakashatsi bakoresha impinduka muriyi mirongo kuko ibimenyetso byoroshye kugirango bapime indangagaciro zingaruka za dopler.
Reba kandi: ingaruka za Mandela - Kuki abantu babuka ibitari?
Ntibishoboka kumenya ko ingaruka zidasanzwe zikoreshwa muri astrono. Kohereza imirasire ya radar mu kirere no kwiga impinduka mu burebure bw'akazi, abahanga mu by'imikumi bashakisha amazi mu kirere. Ingaruka ntoya nayo ikoreshwa mubuvuzi hamwe na echocardiograms ohereza imirasire waltrasonic binyuze mumubiri kugirango upime impinduka mumaraso kugirango umenye neza ko umutima udakora neza, cyangwa kugirango usuzume indwara z'umutima.